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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shi, Zheng Wang, Hong Fu, Yaru Yang, Guanghua Ma, Shaodan Ye, Xinrong School of Intelligent Systems Science and Engineering Jinan University Zhuhai519070 China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau 999078 China School of Communication and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China School of Science and Technology The Open University of Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China School of Physics and Electronic Information Anhui Normal University Wuhu241002 China

This paper focuses on boosting the performance of small cell networks (SCNs) by integrating multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in consideration of imperfect channel-state information (CSI). The estimation error and the spatial randomness of base stations (BSs) are characterized by using Kronecker model and Poisson point process (PPP), respectively. The outage probabilities of MIMO-NOMA enhanced SCNs are first derived in closed-form by taking into account two grouping policies, including random grouping and distance-based grouping. It is revealed that the average outage probabilities are irrelevant to the intensity of BSs in the interference-limited regime, while the outage performance deteriorates if the intensity is sufficiently low. Besides, as the channel uncertainty lessens, the asymptotic analyses manifest that the target rates must be restricted up to a bound to achieve an arbitrarily low outage probability in the absence of the inter-cell interference. Moreover, highly correlated estimation error ameliorates the outage performance under a low quality of CSI, otherwise it behaves oppositely. Afterwards, the goodput is maximized by choosing appropriate precoding matrix, receiver filters and transmission rates. In the end, the numerical results verify our analysis and corroborate the superiority of our proposed algorithm. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Channel state information

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Opportunistic ambient backscatter communication in RF-Powered cognitive radio networks

Opportunistic ambient backscatter communication in RF-Powere...

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作者： Kishore, Rajalekshmi Gurugopinath, Sanjeev Sofotasios, Paschalis C. Muhaidat, Sami Al-Dhahir, Naofal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates Goa403726 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering PES University Bengaluru560085 India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Center for Cyber-Physical Systems Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Tampere University of Technology Tampere33101 Finland Department of Electrical Engineering University of Texas at Dallas DallasTX75080 United States

In the present contribution, we propose a novel opportunistic ambient backscatter communication (ABC) framework for radio frequency (RF)-powered cognitive radio (CR) networks. This framework considers opportunistic spectrum sensing (SS) integrated with ABC and harvest-then-transmit (HTT) operation strategies. Novel analytic expressions are derived for the average throughput, the average energy consumption and the energy efficiency (EE) in the considered set up. These expressions are represented in closed-form and have a tractable algebraic representation which renders them convenient to handle both analytically and numerically. In addition, we formulate an optimization problem to maximize the EE of the CR system operating in mixed ABC - and HTT - modes, for a given set of constraints, including primary interference and imperfect SS constraints. Capitalizing on this, we determine the optimal set of parameters which in turn comprise the optimal detection threshold, the optimal degree of trade-off between the CR system operating in the ABC - and HTT - modes and the optimal data transmission time. Extensive results from respective computer simulations are also presented for corroborating the corresponding analytic results and to demonstrate the performance gain of the proposed model in terms of EE. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Empowered THz Communication in LEO Satellite Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tekbıyık, Kürşat Kurt, Güneş Karabulut Ekti, Ali Rıza Yanikomeroglu, Halim The Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering İstanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey The Poly-Grames Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnique Montréal Montréal Canada The Grid Communications and Security Group Electrification and Energy Infrastructure Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN United States The Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Ottawa Canada

The revolution in the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks will bring changes on their communication models and a shift from the classical bent-pipe architectures to more sophisticated networking platforms. Thanks to technological advancements in microelectronics and micro-systems, the terahertz (THz) band has emerged as a strong candidate for inter-satellite links (ISLs) due to its promise of high data rates. Yet, the propagation conditions of the THz band need to be properly modeled and controlled with utilizing reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to leverage their full potential. In this work, we first provide an assessment of the use of the THz band for ISLs, and quantify the impact of misalignment fading on error performance. Then, in order to compensate for the high path loss associated with high carrier frequencies, and to further improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), we propose the use of RISs mounted on neighboring satellites to enable signal propagation. Based on a mathematical analysis of the problem, we present the error rate expressions for RIS-assisted ISLs with misalignment fading. Also, numerical results show that RIS can leverage the error rate performance and achievable capacity of THz ISLs. © 2020, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Orbits

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Dynamic power optimization for secondary wearable biosensors in e-healthcare leveraging cognitive WBSNs with imperfect spectrum sensing

TechRxiv

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TechRxiv 2020年

作者： Zhang, Long Hu, Jinhua Guo, Chao Xu, Haitao School of Information and Electrical Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Handan056038 China Department of Communications Beijing Electronic Science and Technology Institute Beijing100070 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China

The integration of cognitive radio with e-healthcare systems assisted by wireless body sensor networks (WBSNs) has been regarded as an enabling approach for a new generation of pervasive healthcare services, to provide differentiated quality of service requirements and avoid harmful electromagnetic interference to primary medical devices (PMDs) over the crowded radio spectrum. Due to the sharing spectrum bands with PMDs in e-healthcare scenario using cognitive WBSNs (CWBSNs), efficient transmit power control and optimization strategies for resource-constrained secondary wearable biosensors (SWBs) play a key role in controlling the inter-network interference and improving the energy efficiency. This paper investigates the problem of dynamic power optimization for SWBs in e-healthcare leveraging CWBSNs with practical limitations, e.g., imperfect spectrum sensing and quality of physiological data sampling. We develop a distributed optimization framework of dynamic power optimization via the theory of differential game, by jointly considering utility maximization and quality of physiological data sampling for every SWB, while satisfying the evolution law of energy consumption in SWB’s battery. With the non-cooperation and cooperation relations for all SWBs in mind, we transform the differential game model into two subproblems, namely, utility maximization problem and total utility maximization problem. Utilizing Bellman’s dynamic programming, we derive a non-cooperative optimal solution for power optimization as a Nash equilibrium point for the utility maximization problem posed by competitive scenario. By exploiting Pontryagin’s maximum principle, a cooperative optimal solution is obtained for the total utility maximization problem, wherein all SWBs fully cooperate to obtain the highest total utilities. Building upon the analytical results, the actual utility distributed to each SWB is compared between the non-cooperative and cooperative schemes. Extensive simulations

关键词： Cognitive radio

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Federated orchestration for network slicing of bandwidth and computational resource

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Yingyu Huang, Anqi Xiao, Yong Ge, Xiaohu Sun, Sumei Chao, Han-Chieh School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Communications and Networks Cluster Institute for Infocomm Research Singapore138632 Singapore Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Ilan University Yilan26047 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Dong Hwa University Hualien97401 Taiwan

Network slicing has been considered as one of the key enablers for 5G to support diversified IoT services and application scenarios. This paper studies the distributed network slicing for a massive scale IoT network supported by 5G with fog computing. Multiple services with various requirements need to be supported by both spectrum resource offered by 5G network and computational resourc of the fog computing network. We propose a novel distributed framework based on a new control plane entity, federated-orchestrator (F-orchestrator), which can coordinate the spectrum and computational resources without requiring any exchange of the local data and resource information from BSs. We propose a distributed resource allocation algorithm based on Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers with Partial Variable Splitting (DistADMM-PVS). We prove DistADMM-PVS minimizes the average service response time of the entire network with guaranteed worst-case performance for all supported types of services when the coordination between the F-orchestrator and BSs is perfectly synchronized. Motivated by the observation that coordination synchronization may result in high coordination delay that can be intolerable when the network is large in scale, we propose a novel asynchronized ADMM (AsynADMM) algorithm. We prove that AsynADMM can converge to the global optimal solution with improved scalability and negligible coordination delay. We evaluate the performance of our proposed framework using two-month of traffic data collected in a in-campus smart transportation system supported by a 5G network. Extensive simulation has been conducted for both pedestrian and vehicular-related services during peak and non-peak hours. Our results show that the proposed framework offers significant reduction on service response time for both supported services, especially compared to network slicing with only a single resource. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things

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Characterisation of state-preparation uncertainty in quantum key distribution

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Huang, Anqi Mizutani, Akihiro Lo, Hoi-Kwong Makarov, Vadim Tamaki, Kiyoshi Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka560-8531 Japan Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Physics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G4 Canada Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong Quantum Bridge Technologies Inc. 100 College Street TorontoONM5G 1L5 Canada Russian Quantum Center Skolkovo Moscow121205 Russia Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China NTI Center for Quantum Communications National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow119049 Russia Faculty of Engineering University of Toyama Gofuku 3190 Toyama930-8555 Japan

To achieve secure quantum key distribution, all imperfections in the source unit must be incorporated in a security proof and measured in the lab. Here we perform a proof-of-principle demonstration of the experimental techniques for characterising the source phase and intensity fluctuation in commercial quantum key distribution systems. When we apply the measured phase fluctuation intervals to the security proof that takes into account fluctuations in the state preparation, it predicts a key distribution distance of over 100 km of fiber. The measured intensity fluctuation intervals are however so large that the proof predicts zero key, indicating a source improvement may be needed. Our characterisation methods pave the way for a future certification standard. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Reliable Distributed Computing for Metaverse: A Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Jiang, Yuna Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Ge, Xiaohu Xiong, Zehui Miao, Chunyan Shen, Xuemin School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China Shenzhen Huazhong University Science and Technology Research Institute Guangdong Shenzhen518063 China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore487372 Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

The metaverse is regarded as a new wave of technological transformation that provides a virtual space for people to interact through digital avatars. To achieve immersive user experiences in the metaverse, real-time rendering is the key technology. However, computing intensive tasks of real-time rendering from metaverse service providers cannot be processed efficiently on a single resource-limited mobile device. Alternatively, such mobile devices can offload the metaverse rendering tasks to other mobile devices by adopting the collaborative computing paradigm based on Coded Distributed Computing (CDC). Therefore, this paper introduces a hierarchical game-theoretic CDC framework for the metaverse services, especially for vehicular metaverse. In the framework, idle resources from vehicles, acting as CDC workers, are aggregated to handle intensive computation tasks in the vehicular metaverse. Specifically, in the upper layer, a miner coalition formation game is formulated based on a reputation metric to select reliable workers. To guarantee the reliable management of reputation values, the reputation values calculated based on the subjective logical model are maintained in a blockchain database. In the lower layer, a Stackelberg game based incentive mechanism is considered to attract reliable workers selected in the upper layer to participate in rendering tasks. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed framework is resistant to malicious workers. Compared with the best-effort worker selection scheme, the proposed scheme can improve the utility of metaverse service provider and average profit of CDC workers. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Blockchain

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Broad Coverage Precoding for 3D Massive MIMO System Synchronization

Broad Coverage Precoding for 3D Massive MIMO System Synchron...

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IEEE International Conference on communications (ICC)

作者： Weiran Guo An-An Lu Xin Meng Xiqi Gao Xiang-Gen Xia National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Shanghai China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware Newark USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728150895

ISBN: (纸本)9781728150901

In this paper, we investigate broad coverage pre-coder design for 3D massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. We focus on the synchronization performance in the cell coverage. The log-distance path loss model in the line-of-sight (LoS) scenario is formulated. The synchronization performance can be characterized by the missed detection (MD) probability. By considering the equal MD probability in the cell, we formulate a criterion for the precoder design. Moreover, we consider the equal transmit power constraint on each antenna to efficiently utilize the power amplifier (PA) capacity of the BS. By using the manifold optimization framework, we design the precoder under the aforementioned criterion and constraint. Simulation results show that the fairness among all the users in this cell can be ensured. Compared with the precoders designed by half power beam-width (HPBW), the proposed scheme causes much less inter-cell interference, and has a better synchronization performance.

关键词： Synchronization Antenna arrays MIMO communication Transmitting antennas Three-dimensional displays Precoding

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Vehicular cooperative perception through action branching and federated reinforcement learning

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Abdel-Aziz, Mohamed K. Perfecto, Cristina Samarakoon, Sumudu Bennis, Mehdi Saad, Walid The Centre for Wireless Communications University of Oulu Oulu90014 Finland University of the Basque Country UPV EHU Spain The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States

Cooperative perception plays a vital role in extending a vehicle's sensing range beyond its line-of-sight. However, exchanging raw sensory data under limited communication resources is infeasible. Towards enabling an efficient cooperative perception, vehicles need to address the following fundamental question: What sensory data needs to be shared? at which resolution? and with which vehicles? To answer this question, in this paper, a novel framework is proposed to allow reinforcement learning (RL)-based vehicular association, resource block (RB) allocation, and content selection of cooperative perception messages (CPMs) by utilizing a quadtree-based point cloud compression mechanism. Furthermore, a federated RL approach is introduced in order to speed up the training process across vehicles. Simulation results show the ability of the RL agents to efficiently learn the vehicles' association, RB allocation, and message content selection while maximizing vehicles' satisfaction in terms of the received sensory information. The results also show that federated RL improves the training process, where better policies can be achieved within the same amount of time compared to the non-federated approach. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vehicles

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Distributed Rate Optimization for Intelligent Reflecting Surface with Federated Learning

Distributed Rate Optimization for Intelligent Reflecting Sur...

引用

IEEE International Conference on communications Workshops, ICC

作者： Donghui Ma Lixin Li Huan Ren Dawei Wang Xu Li Zhu Han School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX

ISBN: (数字)9781728174402

ISBN: (纸本)9781728174419

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been proposed as a potential solution to improve the performance of many aspects for future wireless communication. However, the issue of user's privacy in IRS assisted communications is often ignored in previous works. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, namely optimal beam reflection based on federated learning (OBR-FL), to achieve high speed communication with the sparse channel state information (CSI). The corresponding configuration matrix of IRS can be determined by the trained model according to the CSI of user to achieve the optimal communication rate. Based on federated learning (FL), several local models are trained with the local dataset of each user and upload them to a central server for aggregation to generate a global model. Then, each user downloads this global model as the initial configuration for next training round. Finally, the optimal model is obtained after several iterations. During the training process, the private data of each user is managed and processed locally. Simulation results demonstrate that the achievable rate performance of the proposed algorithm can effectively approach to that of the centralized machine learning (ML) while protecting user's privacy.

关键词： Training Receivers Channel estimation Wireless communication Privacy Transmitters Predictive models

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