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Conference on Quantum Information and Measurement, ICQI 2021

作者： Lavie, Emilien Primaatmaja, Ignatius William Kon, Wen Yu Wang, Chao Lim, Charles Ci Wen Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Block E4 4 Engineering Drive 3 117583 Singapore Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Block S15 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore

We present a framework based on linear estimation to reconstruct the input-output statistics of any unknown quantum photonic channel and we highlight two applications: Quantum Key Distribution and Time-Correlated Sing... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171012

关键词： Quantum cryptography

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Influences of Laser Heating Parameters on Thermophoretic Enrichment of Nanoparticles

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Dong, Jing Liang, Dongfang Chen, Xinan Yang, Xin Department of Engineering University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1PZ United Kingdom School of Computer Science University of Nottingham NottinghamNG72RD United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering School of Engineering Cardiff University CardiffCF24 3AA United Kingdom

Thermophoretic enrichment of particles has been recognised as an efficient way to concentrate nanovesicles in biomedical studies. Although some experimental and analytical studies have been undertaken to examine the thermophoretic accumulation mechanisms, few studies have been conducted to optimise the device design. This paper presents a detailed parametric study of a thermophoresis enrichment system, which sandwiches a microchamber containing particle/fluid mixture by a glass top, from where infrared light laser heat source is introduced, and a sapphire bottom, which has a high heat conductivity to prevent overheating. The influences of the laser spot radius, laser attenuation rate, nanoparticle size and laser power are investigated. The radius of the final nanoparticle distribution is found to be approximately 1.25 times the laser spot radius. A reduction in the attenuation length of the laser (λ) leads to a reduction of the time taken by the nanoparticles to reach the steady state, but an enlargement of the final area over which nanoparticles are distributed. There exists an optimum range of λ, depending on the choice of the target area of the final nanoparticle distribution. We have determined the threshold particle size, which decides whether the particle motion is convection-dominated or thermophoresis-dominated. Furthermore, an increase in the laser power reduces the accumulation time of nanoparticles. These findings provide insights into the design of the enrichment systems. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Lightning Precursor Discharges and Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes

Lightning Precursor Discharges and Terrestrial Gamma Ray Fla...

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US National Committee of URSI National Radio science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM)

作者： Victor P. Pasko Sebastien Celestin Anne Bourdon Reza Janalizadeh Zaid Pervez Jaroslav Jansky Pierre Gourbin School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Penn State University PA USA Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of the Environment and Space (LPC2E) CNRS University of Orleans Orleans France Plasma Physics Laboratory (LPP) Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau France Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Defense Brno Czechia

ISBN: (数字)9781946815200

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513979

Spectacular naturally occurring bursts of X-rays with tens of mega electron-volt energies are observed in association with lightning activity in the Earth's atmosphere. These events were first discovered in 1994 by NASA's Compton Gamma Ray Observatory [Fishman et al., 1994] and are commonly referred to as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs). Although since then many other orbital observatories captured these high energy events [Smith et al., 2005; Marisaldi et al., 2010; Briggs et al., 2011; Neubert et al., 2020] and these events have been clearly linked to very intense but short (approximately 10–50 microseconds) bursts of electromagnetic radiation [Ostgaard et al., 2021], the physical nature of these events remains unclear. It is widely recognized that these electromagnetic bursts are also the strongest naturally occurring sources of terrestrial very high frequency (VHF) radiation [Jacobson et al., 2012]. The most puzzling unexplained aspect of these events is that the extreme gamma ray and electromagnetic energy fluxes originate from very compact regions with spatial extent on the order of 100 meters [Lu et al., 2010; Rison et al., 2016; Tilles et al., 2019; Tilles et al., 2020; Kohn et al., 2020; Heumesser et al., 2021], yet they are light-deficient and often even optically undetectable compared to ordinary lightning discharges [Jacobson et al., 2012]. In this work we report on the mechanism that allows precise quantitative explanation of the vast majority of currently accumulated observations of these events at different altitudes in the Earth's atmosphere. The specifics includes TGF fluences and durations, optical darkness, magnitudes and specific waveform characteristics of low and very low frequency radio emissions termed narrow bipolar events and energetic in cloud pulses that are associated with TGFs, the peculiar observations of very fast (typically one tenths of the speed of light) spatial propagation features termed fast positive breakdown in the prese

关键词： Jacobian matrices Observatories Stimulated emission Optical propagation Gamma-rays Lightning X-rays Orbits Discharges (electric) Optical pulses

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A Microwave-Thermography-Convolution Neural Network Technique for Breast Cancer Detection

A Microwave-Thermography-Convolution Neural Network Techniqu...

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2021 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics, APACE 2021

作者： Alsaedi, Dawood Melniko, Alexander Muzaffar, Khalid Mandelis, Andreas Ramahi, Omar M. University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada University of Toronto Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering TorontoONM5S 3G8 Canada Islamic University of Science and Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Awantipora India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428279

This paper proposes a novel microwave-thermography hybrid technique for early breast cancer detection. This modality is based on the differences in microwave propagation through the breast due to the variation in the electrical properties between healthy and malignant breast tissue. The proposed work demonstrates the capability of detecting the presence of a tumor inside an extremely dense breast. Supporting the system with the convolution neural network elevates the detection performance and extracts the tumor location and size. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Microwaves

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Robotic Perception of Transparent Objects: A Review

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Jiang, Jiaqi Cao, Guanqun Deng, Jiankang Do, Thanh-Toan Luo, Shan Department of Engineering King's College London LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom The SmARTLab Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Department of Data Science and Ai Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia

Transparent object perception is a rapidly developing research problem in artificial intelligence. The ability to perceive transparent objects enables robots to achieve higher levels of autonomy, unlocking new applications in various industries such as healthcare, services and manufacturing. Despite numerous datasets and perception methods being proposed in recent years, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of these methods and the challenges in this field. To address this gap, this article provides a comprehensive survey of the platforms and recent advances for robotic perception of transparent objects. We highlight the main challenges and propose future directions of various transparent object perception tasks, i.e., segmentation, reconstruction, and pose estimation. We also discuss the limitations of existing datasets in diversity and complexity, and the benefits of employing multi-modal sensors, such as RGB-D cameras, thermal cameras, and polarised imaging, for transparent object perception. Furthermore, we identify perception challenges in complex and dynamic environments, as well as for objects with changeable geometries. Finally, we provide an interactive online platform to navigate each reference: https://***/view/transperception. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robotics

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Leveraging Multi-modal Sensing for Robotic Insertion Tasks in R&D Laboratories

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Butterworth, Aaron Pizzuto, Gabriella Pecyna, Leszek Cooper, Andrew I. Luo, Shan The Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom The Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom The Department of Engineering King’s College London LondonWC2R 2LS United Kingdom

Performing a large volume of experiments in Chemistry labs creates repetitive actions costing researchers time, automating these routines is highly desirable. Previous experiments in robotic chemistry have performed high numbers of experiments autonomously, however, these processes rely on automated machines in all stages from solid or liquid addition to analysis of the final product. In these systems every transition between machine requires the robotic chemist to pick and place glass vials, however, this is currently performed using open loop methods which require all equipment being used by the robot to be in well defined known locations. We seek to begin closing the loop in this vial handling process in a way which also fosters human-robot collaboration in the chemistry lab environment. To do this the robot must be able to detect valid placement positions for the vials it is collecting, and reliably insert them into the detected locations. We create a single modality visual method for estimating placement locations to provide a baseline before introducing two additional methods of feedback (force and tactile feedback). Our visual method uses a combination of classic computer vision methods and a CNN discriminator to detect possible insertion points, then a vial is grasped and positioned above an insertion point and the multi-modal methods guide the final insertion movements using an efficient search pattern. Through our experiments we show the baseline insertion rate of 48.78% improves to 89.55% with the addition of our ‘force and vision’ multi-modal feedback method. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Location

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Sample-Driven Federated Learning for Energy-Efficient and Real-Time IoT Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luu, Minh Ngoc Nguyen, Minh-Duong Bedeer, Ebrahim Nguyen, Van Duc Hoang, Dinh Thai Nguyen, Diep N. Pham, Quoc-Viet The School of Electricals and Electronics Hanoi University of Science and Technology Hanoi Viet Nam The Department of Information Convergence Engineering Pusan National University Busan46241 Korea Republic of The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonS7N 5A9 Canada The School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney SydneyNSW2007 Australia The School of Computer Science and Statistics Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin D02 PN40 Dublin 2 Ireland

In the domain of Federated Learning (FL) systems, recent cutting-edge methods heavily rely on ideal conditions convergence analysis. Specifically, these approaches assume that the training datasets on IoT devices possess similar attributes to the global data distribution. However, this approach fails to capture the full spectrum of data characteristics in real-time sensing FL systems. In order to overcome this limitation, we suggest a new approach system specifically designed for IoT networks with real-time sensing capabilities. Our approach takes into account the generalization gap due to the user’s data sampling process. By effectively controlling this sampling process, we can mitigate the overfitting issue and improve overall accuracy. In particular, We first formulate an optimization problem that harnesses the sampling process to concurrently reduce overfitting while maximizing accuracy. In pursuit of this objective, our surrogate optimization problem is adept at handling energy efficiency while optimizing the accuracy with high generalization. To solve the optimization problem with high complexity, we introduce an online reinforcement learning algorithm, named Sample-driven Control for Federated Learning (SCFL) built on the Soft Actor-Critic (A2C) framework. This enables the agent to dynamically adapt and find the global optima even in changing environments. By leveraging the capabilities of SCFL, our system offers a promising solution for resource allocation in FL systems with real-time sensing *** Codes 68-00 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Hyper-Parameter Optimization for Wireless Network Traffic Prediction Models with A Novel Meta-Learning Framework

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Wang, Liangzhi Zhang, Jie Gao, Yuan Zhang, Jiliang Wei, Guiyi Zhou, Haibo Zhuge, Bin Zhang, Zitian Northeastern University College of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang China University of Sheffield Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering SheffieldS10 2TN United Kingdom Wireless Network Design Ltd CambridgeCB23 3UY United Kingdom Shanghai University School of Communication and Information Engineering Shanghai China Zhejiang Gongshang University School of Information and Electronic Engineering Hangzhou China Nanjing University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nanjing China

This paper proposes a novel meta-learning based hyper-parameter optimization framework for wireless network traffic prediction (NTP) models. The primary objective is to accumulate and leverage the acquired hyper-parameter optimization experience, enabling the rapid determination of optimal hyper-parameters for new tasks. In this paper, an attention-based deep neural network (ADNN) is employed as the base-learner to address specific NTP tasks. The meta-learner is an innovative framework that integrates meta-learning with the k-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN), genetic algorithm (GA), and gated residual network (GRN). Specifically, KNN is utilized to identify a set of candidate hyper-parameter selection strategies for a new task, which then serves as the initial population for GA, while a GRN-based chromosome screening module accelerates the validation of offspring chromosomes, ultimately determining the optimal hyper-parameters. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to traditional methods such as Bayesian optimization (BO), GA, and particle swarm optimization (PSO), the proposed framework determines optimal hyper-parameters more rapidly, significantly reduces optimization time, and enhances the performance of the base-learner. It achieves an optimal balance between optimization efficiency and prediction accuracy. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Preliminary Study on System and Mission Sequence Design for Transformer Mission 73

Preliminary Study on System and Mission Sequence Design for ...

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73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Kubo, Yuki Chujo, Toshihiro Mori, Osamu Sugihara, Ahmed Kiyoshi Kusumoto, Tetsuya Fujita, Masahiro Kawaguchi, Junichiro Sugawara, Yoshiki Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 3-1-1 Yoshinodai Chuo-ku Kanagawa Sagamihara-shi Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology I1-20 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics The University of Tokyo Faculty of Engineering Building 7th 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan College of Engineering and Computer Science CanberraACT2600 Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University 5-10-1 Fuchinobe Chuo-ku Kanagawa Sagamihara Japan

Transformer, which has been studied by the joint research team consisting of universities in Japan and JAXA, is a completely new system of a spacecraft. The spacecraft consists of a number of body components which are connected to each other by actuatable joints and can be transformed into various body configurations to exhibit multifunctionality. Furthermore, by actively utilizing the transformability, an advanced orbit and attitude control can be performed. This presentation describes the initial results of the system design of the Transformer spacecraft. Since the Transformer has a completely different structure from conventional spacecrafts, its system design requires a unique design philosophy. In the presentation, we will describe the current status of the design study based on the unique design requirements. The mission sequence from the launch to the insertion of the artificial periodic orbit around Sun-Earth 2nd Lagrange point is also described in this presentation. Epsilon launch vehicle (JAXA) is used for launch and its limited delta-v capability is compensated by using a stable manifold after a lunar swing-by. © 2022 International Astronautical Federation, IAF. All rights reserved.

关键词： Systems analysis

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Named data networking enabled power saving mode design for WLAN

Named data networking enabled power saving mode design for W...

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作者： Wu, Fan Yang, Wang Ren, Ju Lyu, Feng Yang, Peng Zhang, Yaoxue Shen, Xuemin School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha410083 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L3G1 Canada

The energy consumption of wireless interface is critical to power-constrained mobile devices. To improve energy efficiency for WLAN stations, power saving mode (PSM) is proposed, to manage the time spent in idle listening (IL) state. The hurdle is that the receiver has no knowledge about when the pending data will arrive under end-to-end communication protocols (TCP/IP), making each station spend enormous time in IL to wait for the pending data. To overcome this limitation, in this paper, we propose a named data networking (NDN) enabled PSM, namely, NDN-PSM, which leverages NDN communication architecture to cut down unnecessary IL time. In particular, we devise two new power states in NDN-PSM, i.e., light doze and deep doze, to precisely map to the underlying data arriving states. The inherent receiver-driven pattern of NDN can effectively drive the stations to the deep doze state for power saving, and to light doze state for timely data reception. Considering the IL time waste during channel contention, we further design a channel contention control mechanism in NDN-PSM, in which stations will switch to the light doze state if the channel is perceived to be busy. The power consumption model of the proposed NDN-PSM is theoretically analyzed and verified via numerical results. At last, we implement NDN-PSM in NS-3 by adopting the ndnSIM module and conduct extensive simulations to demonstrate the efficacy of NDN-PSM. Specifically, compared to the existing PSM mechanism, NDN-PSM reduces 56% power consumption by cutting down unnecessary IL time, and meanwhile enables low-delay transmission. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power utilization

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