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SSRN 2024年

作者： Bisgaard, Albert Skovgaard Harrod, Steven Møller, Jan Kloppenborg Nielsen, Bo Friis Rasmussen, Carsten Jørn Bjørge, Thomas Vatn Vatn, Jørn Technical University of Denmark Department of Engineering Technology and Didactics Production Transportation and Planning Lautrupvang 15 Ballerup2750 Denmark Technical University of Denmark Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Richard Petersens Plads Building 324 Kongens Lyngby2800 Denmark Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Høgskoleringen 1 Trondheim7034 Norway COWI A/S Railways & Metro Parallelvej 2 Kongens Lyngby2800 Denmark Bane NOR Oslo gate 3 Oslo0192 Norway

Rail defects pose a significant threat to railway safety and efficiency. Refined modeling of the propagation of rail defects has the potential of informing maintenance activities for circumvention of dangerous rail degradation. In this study, we estimate defect transition rates based on discretely observed degradation trajectories for defects discovered at the Norwegian rail network considering the impact from tonnage and line speed, as well as rail curvature, profile and *** propagation of rail defects is modeled by a continuous-time Markov chain (subject to a generalized Erlang distribution) with transition rates regressed on location-dependent covariates. We propose two estimation approaches. The first approach obtains the full data log-likelihood by Monte Carlo simulation of full data defect trajectories, which informs the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The second approach maximizes the discrete data log-likelihood informed by analytical gradient *** methodologies give rise to fast convergence of model estimates with similar numerical values, indicating a favorable local optimum. The estimated coefficients for the covariates are found to be statistically significant and in directional accordance with their physical interpretation. Model checking is performed by k-fold cross-validation. Experiments with indicator variables show that the covariate information describes enough variance to satisfactorily account for the structural variability between the different rail *** estimated models are used to compute expected transition times for defects in all the considered rail lines, and demonstrate how the spatially varying track conditions affect the defect propagation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Defects

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Critical phase and spin sharpening in SU(2)-symmetric monitored quantum circuits

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Physical Review B 2023年第5期108卷 054307-054307页

作者： Shayan Majidy Utkarsh Agrawal Sarang Gopalakrishnan Andrew C. Potter Romain Vasseur Nicole Yunger Halpern Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 2Y5 Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1 Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST and University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA

Monitored quantum circuits exhibit entanglement transitions at certain measurement rates. Such a transition separates phases characterized by how much information an observer can learn from the measurement outcomes. We study SU(2)-symmetric monitored quantum circuits, using exact numerics and a mapping onto an effective statistical-mechanics model. Due to the symmetry's non-Abelian nature, measuring qubit pairs allows for nontrivial entanglement scaling even in the measurement-only limit. We find a transition between a volume-law entangled phase and a critical phase whose diffusive purification dynamics emerge from the non-Abelian symmetry. Additionally, we identify a “spin-sharpening transition.” Across the transition, the rate at which measurements reveal information about the total spin quantum number changes parametrically with system size.

关键词： Dynamical phase transitions Measurement-based quantum computing Open quantum systems Phase transitions Quantum channels Quantum computation Quantum entanglement Quantum gates

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MAXIMAL NONCOMPACTNESS OF EMBEDDINGS INTO MARCINKIEWICZ SPACES

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Malý, Jan Mihula, Zdeněk Musil, Vít Pick, Luboš Department of Mathematical Analysis Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Sokolovská 83 Praha 8186 75 Czech Republic Department of Mathematics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Technická 2 Praha 6166 27 Czech Republic Masaryk University Faculty of Informatics Department of Computer Science Botanická 68a Brno602 00 Czech Republic

We develop a new functional-analytic technique for investigating the degree of noncompactness of an operator defined on a quasinormed space and taking values in a Marcinkiewicz space. The main result is a general principle from which it can be derived that such operators are almost always maximally noncompact in the sense that their ball measure of noncompactness coincides with their operator norm. We point out specifications of the universal principle to the case of the identity *** Codes 41A46, 46E35, 46E30 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Bidirectional Visual-Tactile Cross-Modal Generation Using Latent Feature Space Flow Model

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Fang, Yu Zhang, Xuehe Xu, Wenqiang Liu, Gangfeng Zhao, Jie State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology No.2Yikuang StreetNangang District Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University No.800 Dongchuan Road Minhang District Shanghai Shanghai200240 China

Inspired by visual-tactile cross-modal bidirectional mapping of the human brain, this paper introduces a novel approach to bidirectional mapping between visual and tactile data, an area not fully explored in the predominantly unidirectional existing studies. First, we adopt separate Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) models for visual and tactile data. Furthermore, we introduce a conditional flow model built on the VAE latent feature space, enabling cross-modal bidirectional mapping between visual and tactile data using one model. The experimental results show that our method achieves excellent performance in terms of the similarity between the generated data and the ground truth (SSIM of visual data: 0.57, SSIM of tactile data: 0.80), the classification accuracy on generated data (visual data: 93.63\%, tactile data: 88.52\%), and the zero-shot classification accuracy between generated data and language (visual data: 45.14\%, tactile data: 45.57\%). To the best of our knowledge, the method proposed in this paper is the first one to utilize a single model to achieve bidirectional mapping between visual and tactile data. Our model and code will be made public after the acceptance of the paper. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mapping

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Research on Main Steam Temperature Prediction Model Based on Improved LSTM Algorithm 2

Research on Main Steam Temperature Prediction Model Based on...

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2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and computer science, AICS 2020

作者： Zheng, Ling Ye, Xin Chen, Fei Department of Computer Science and Technology North China Electric Power University Faculty of Control and Computer Engineering room E1112 No. 2 Beinong Road Huilongguan Town Changping District Beijing China

In order to improve the reliability and accuracy of the main steam temperature trend prediction, a main steam temperature prediction model based on improved LSTM is proposed. Firstly, uses the grey correlation analysis method to select the important influencing factors. Then, a linear structure is introduced into the LSTM structure to construct a main steam temperature prediction model. Finally, based on the historical operating data of the thermal power unit, a simulation experiment is performed to compare the prediction error of the output of the RNN model, the LSTM model, and the improved LSTM model. The results show that the method has higher prediction accuracy for the main steam temperature. At the same time, compared with other traditional methods, this method has better fitting effect, which can be well applied in practical engineering. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Correlation methods

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Violation of the Pauli limit at KTaO3(110) interfaces

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Physical Review B 2025年第21期111卷 214506-214506页

作者： Samuel J. Poage Xueshi Gao Merve Baksi Salva Salmani-Rezaie David A. Muller Divine P. Kumah Chun Ning Lau José Lorenzana Maria N. Gastiasoro Kaveh Ahadi Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Department of Physics The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA Department of Physics North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695 USA School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853 USA Department of Physics Duke University Durham North Carolina 27701 USA ISC-CNR and Department of Physics Sapienza University of Rome Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 00185 Rome Italy Donostia International Physics Center 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA

The superconducting order parameter at the KTaO3 interfaces and its dependence on interface orientation remains a subject of debate. The superconductivity at these interfaces exhibits strong resilience against in-plane magnetic field and violates Pauli limit. The interface orientation dependence of critical field and violation of Pauli limit, however, have not been investigated. To address this problem, we grew epitaxial LaMnO3/KTaO3 heterostructures using molecular beam epitaxy. We show that superconductivity is extremely robust against the in-plane magnetic field. The critical field to the Pauli limiting field coincides with the (111) interfaces for the same carrier density. This suggests that the orientation of the surface does not play a critical role in determining the ratio, despite the strong impact on the critical temperature. These results offer opportunities to engineer superconductors which are resilient against magnetic field.

关键词： Magnetic fields

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LOEWNER PDE IN INFINITE DIMENSIONS

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Graham, Ian Hamada, Hidetaka Kohr, Gabriela Kohr, Mirela Department of Mathematics University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 2E4 Canada Faculty of Science and Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University 3-1 Matsukadai 2-Chome Higashi-ku Fukuoka813-8503 Japan Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Babeş-Bolyai University 1 M. Kogal- niceanu Str. Cluj-Napoca400084 Romania

In this paper, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution f(z, t) of the Loewner PDE with normalization Df(0, t) = etA, where A ∈ L(X, X) is such that k+(A) e−(t−s)A for t ≥ s ≥ 0, where m(A) > 0, which satisfy the semigroup property on the unit ball of a complex Banach space X. We further obtain the biholomorphicity of A-normalized univalent subordination chains under some normality condition on the unit ball of a reflexive complex Banach space X. We prove the existence of the biholomorphic solutions f(z, t) of the Loewner PDE with normalization Df(0, t) = etA on the unit ball of a separable reflexive complex Banach space X. The results obtained in this paper give some positive answers to the open problems and conjectures proposed by the authors in 2013. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Banach spaces

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A Personalized Video-Based Hand Taxonomy: Application for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dousty, Mehdy Fleet, David J. Zariffa, José Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G9 Canada Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 3G9 Canada KITE Research Institute University Health Network TorontoONM5G 2A2 Canada Vector Institute TorontoONM5G 1M1 Canada Department of Computer Science University of Toronto TorontoONM5S 2E4 Canada Rehabilitation Sciences Institute University of Toronto TorontoONM5G 1V7 Canada

Hand function is critical for our interactions and quality of life. Spinal cord injuries (SCI) can impair hand function, reducing independence. A comprehensive evaluation of function in home and community settings requires a hand grasp taxonomy for individuals with impaired hand function. Developing such a taxonomy is challenging due to unrepresented grasp types in standard taxonomies, uneven data distribution across injury levels, and limited data. This study aims to automatically identify the dominant distinct hand grasps in egocentric video using semantic clustering. Egocentric video recordings collected in the homes of 19 individual with cervical SCI were used to cluster grasping actions with semantic significance. A deep learning model integrating posture and appearance data was employed to create a personalized hand taxonomy. Quantitative analysis reveals a cluster purity of 67.6% ± 24.2% with with 18.0% ± 21.8% redundancy. Qualitative assessment revealed meaningful clusters in video content. This methodology provides a flexible and effective strategy to analyze hand function in the wild. It offers researchers and clinicians an efficient tool for evaluating hand function, aiding sensitive assessments and tailored intervention plans. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Video recording

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Speculative Vulnerability: Uncovering the Temporalities of Vulnerability in People s Experiences of the Pandemic

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 2022年第CSCW2期6卷 1-27页

作者： Seberger, John S. Obi, Ike Loukil, Mariem Liao, William Wild, David J. Patil, Sameer Department of Information Science College of Computing and Informatics Drexel University 3675 Market Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Computer Graphics Technology Purdue Polytechnic Institute Purdue University 401 N. Grant St. West LafayetteIN47907 United States Mediterranean Institute of Technology Les Jardins du Lac 2 Tunis1053 Tunisia Department of Informatics Luddy School of Informatics Computing and Engineering Indiana University Bloomington 901 E. Tenth Street BloomingtonIN48104 United States School of Computing University of Utah 50 Central Campus Dr. Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States

Pandemic-tracking apps may form a future infrastructure for public health surveillance. Yet, there has been relatively little exploration of the potential societal implications of such an infrastructure. In semi-structured interviews with 23 participants from India, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and the United States, we discussed attitudes and preferences regarding the deployment of apps that support contact tracing to contain the spread of COVID-19. Through interpretive analysis, we examined the relationship between persistent discomfort and vulnerability when using such apps. Such an examination yielded three temporal forms of vulnerability: real, anticipatory, and speculative. By identifying and defining the temporalities of vulnerability through an analysis of people's pandemic-related thoughts and experiences, we develop the overlapping discourses of humanistic infrastructure studies and infrastructural speculation. In doing so, we explore the concept of vulnerability itself and present implications for the study of vulnerability in Human-computer Interaction (HCI) and for the oversight of app-based public health surveillance. © 2022 Owner/Author.

关键词： Public health

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Nanoscale spin rectifiers for harvesting ambient radiofrequency energy

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sharma, Raghav Ngo, Tung Raimondo, Eleonora Giordano, Anna Igarashi, Junta Jinnai, Butsurin Zhao, Shishun Lei, Jiayu Guo, Yong-Xin Finocchio, Giovanni Fukami, Shunsuke Ohno, Hideo Yang, Hyunsoo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar 140001 India Department of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth Sciences University of Messina MessinaI-98166 Italy Department of Engineering University of Messina MessinaI-98166 Italy Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba Sendai980-8577 Japan Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba Sendai980-8577 Japan Center for Innovative Integrated Electronic Systems Tohoku University 468-1 Aramaki Aza Aoba Sendai980-0845 Japan

Radiofrequency harvesting using ambient wireless energy could be used to reduce the carbon footprint of electronic devices. However, ambient radiofrequency energy is weak (less than -20 dBm), and the performance of state-of-the-art radiofrequency rectifiers is restricted by thermodynamic limits and high-frequency parasitic impedance. Nanoscale spin rectifiers based on magnetic tunnel junctions have recently demonstrated high sensitivity, but suffer from a low a.c.-to-d.c. conversion efficiency (less than 1%). Here, we report a sensitive spin rectifier rectenna that can harvest ambient radiofrequency signals between -62 and -20 dBm. We also develop an on-chip co-planar waveguide-based spin rectifier array with a large zero-bias sensitivity (around 34,500 mV mW-1) and high efficiency (7.81%). The self-parametric excitation driven by voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy is a key mechanism that contributes to the performance of the spin-rectifier-array. We show that these spin rectifiers can be used to wirelessly power a sensor at a radiofrequency power of -27 dBm. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic anisotropy

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