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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第9期5卷 4738-4752页

作者： Zhang, Le Bronik, Kevin Piechnik, Stefan K. Lima, Joao A. C. Neubauer, Stefan Petersen, Steffen E. Frangi, Alejandro F. University of Birmingham School of Engineering College of Engineering and Physical Sciences BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom University of Oxford Department of Engineering Science OxfordOX1 3PJ United Kingdom Division of Cardiovascular Medicine OxfordOX3 9DU United Kingdom Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Cardiology BaltimoreMD21287 United States Queen Mary University of London Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine The William Harvey Research Institute LondonE1 1BB United Kingdom Barts Health Nhs Trust Barts Heart Center LondonE1 1BB United Kingdom The University of Manchester Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science School of Health Sciences The Department of Computer Science School of Engineering ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom

Accurate segmentation of the ventricles plays a crucial role in determining cardiac functional parameters such as ventricular volume, ventricular mass, and ejection fraction. However, poor image quality, such as inadequate coverage of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) image sequences, can significantly affect the assessment of cardiac function. This study investigates issues related to missing or corrupted imaging planes, which often lead to incomplete ventricle coverage. To address the challenge of estimating ventricle coverage in CMR images regardless of variations in imaging parameters such as device type, magnetic field strength, and protocol execution, we introduce a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) based on adversarial learning. Additionally, we integrate supplementary information (e.g., cross-view image data) as privileged information to enhance the interpretability of our model's predictions and identify potential biases or inaccuracies. This research represents the first attempt to automatically estimate ventricular coverage by identifying missing slices and plane orientations in CMR images using a dataset-agnostic approach. The effectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated through the evaluation of datasets from three diverse and sizable image acquisition cohorts, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing methods. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Image quality

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Demand-Side Joint Electricity and Carbon Trading Mechanism

IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems 2024年 2卷 14-25页

作者： Hua, Haochen Chen, Xingying Gan, Lei Sun, Jiaxiang Dong, Nanqing Liu, Di Qin, Zhaoming Li, Kang Hu, Shiyan College of Energy and Electrical Engineering Hohai University Nanjing211100 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Automatic Control Laboratory at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Decarbonization of the whole energy chain has been recognized as a measure to tackle the global challenge of climate change, and significant progress has already been made on the generation side to integrate renewable energy. However, the demand side is the single largest underlying factor in shaping decarbonization roadmap. Hence, the carbon emission cost should also be shared by the users according to their power consumption. In this paper, a joint electricity-carbon trading framework is designed to reduce the carbon emission through trading and demand response. A delayed carbon emission liability settlement for asynchronous markets is proposed to ameliorate the users' optimal decision from single-point optimization to interval-based optimization. To develop the optimal strategy of trading within the proposed mechanism, an improved proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm based on Monte Carlo reward sampling is applied. Simulation studies reveal that, compared with the market without carbon trading and users without delayed settlement, the proposed mechanism has achieved a carbon emission reduction by 40.7% and 12.7% respectively. Simulations also show the algorithm's training efficiency can be significantly improved with the proposed Monte Carlo sampling method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Real time systems

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Fundamental Limit on the Power of Entanglement Assistance in Quantum Communication

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Physical Review Letters 2025年第2期134卷 020802-020802页

作者： Lasse H. Wolff Paula Belzig Matthias Christandl Bergfinnur Durhuus Marco Tomamichel Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Denmark Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario N2L3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 117583 Singapore and Centre for Quantum Technologies 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore

The optimal rate of reliable communication over a quantum channel can be enhanced by preshared entanglement. Whereas the enhancement may be unbounded in infinite-dimensional settings even when the input power is constrained, a long-standing conjecture asserts that the ratio between the entanglement-assisted and unassisted classical capacities is bounded in finite-dimensional settings [Bennett et al., IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 48, 2637 (2002)]. In this Letter, we prove this conjecture by showing that their ratio is upper bounded by o(d2), where d is the input dimension of the channel. An application to quantum communication with noisy encoders and decoders is given.

关键词： Quantum channel

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Performance Analysis of Uplink/Downlink Decoupled Access in Cellular-V2X Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Jiao, Luofang Yu, Kai Chen, Jiacheng Liu, Tingting Zhou, Haibo Cai, Lin The School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210023 China The Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518000 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBCV8P 5C2 Canada

This paper firstly develops an analytical framework to investigate the performance of uplink (UL) / downlink (DL) decoupled access in cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) networks, in which a vehicle’s UL/DL can be connected to different macro/small base stations (MBSs/SBSs) separately. Using the stochastic geometry analytical tool, the UL/DL decoupled access C-V2X is modeled as a Cox process, and we obtain the following theoretical results, i.e., 1) the probability of different UL/DL joint association cases i.e., both the UL and DL are associated with the different MBSs or SBSs, or they are associated with different types of BSs;2) the distance distribution of a vehicle to its serving BSs in each case;3) the spectral efficiency of UL/DL in each case;and 4) the UL/DL coverage probability of MBS/SBS. The analyses reveal the insights and performance gain of UL/DL decoupled access. Through extensive simulations, the accuracy of the proposed analytical framework is validated. Both the analytical and simulation results show that UL/DL decoupled access can improve spectral efficiency. The theoretical results can be directly used for estimating the statistical performance of a UL/DL decoupled access C-V2X network. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Vehicle to Everything

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Software-defined event-based camera and vision algorithms for digitizing highly dynamic manufacturing tasks

Software-defined event-based camera and vision algorithms fo...

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2024 Low-Cost Digital Solutions for Industrial Automation, LoDiSA 2024

作者： Walker, Emily Turner, Christopher J. Oyekan, John Department of Automatic Control & Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield SheffieldS1 3JD United Kingdom Surrey Business School The University of Surrey Surrey GuildfordGU2 7XH United Kingdom Real Time & Distributed Systems Group Department of Computer Science University of York Heslington YorkYO10 5GH United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781837242672

Event-based cameras are inspired by the way the retina in the eye process information. Rather than capturing image frames at a constant rate, event cameras generate data asynchronously, based on changes in pixel value between frames. As a result, these cameras have a high spatiotemporal accuracy, low power constraints and reduced artefacts from motion blur. Hence, they represent favourable properties for digitizing highly dynamic manufacturing tasks such as machine vibrations and rapid human assembly actions. However, the costs of event-based cameras are prohibitively high for small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs). In this research, we present the development of a rig that combines low-cost visual sensors with low-cost algorithms to perform action recognition for highly dynamic manual manufacturing tasks. We applied our algorithms to achieve an action classification system via a novel threshold-based approach and in parallel use a neural network to perform classification of objects in the video feed. The results achieved demonstrated that our approach was able to successfully identify various rapid manual tasks being performed on identified objects. In addition to SMEs, our approach would be suited for providing low-cost digitization on legacy machines. © This is an open access article published by the IET under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://***/licenses/by/3.0/).

关键词： Machine vibrations

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Full-Space Wireless Sensing Enabled by Multi-Sector Intelligent Surfaces

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年

作者： Zhang, Yumeng Shao, Xiaodan Li, Hongyu Clerckx, Bruno Zhang, Rui Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Electronic and Computing Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada Internet of Things Thrust Guangdong Guangzhou511400 China Imperial College London Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea Republic of The Chinese University of HongKong School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Guangdong Shenzhen518172 China National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Singapore117583 Singapore

The multi-sector intelligent surface (IS), benefiting from a smarter wave manipulation capability, has been shown to enhance channel gain and offer full-space coverage in communications. However, the benefits of multi-sector IS in wireless sensing remain unexplored. This paper introduces the application ofmulti-sector IS for wireless sensing/localization. Specifically, we propose a new self-sensing system, where an active source controller uses the multi-sector IS geometry to reflect/scatter the emitted signals towards the entire space, thereby achieving full-space coverage for wireless sensing. Additionally, dedicated sensors are installed aligned with the IS elements at each sector, which collect echo signals fromthe target and cooperate to sense the target angle. In this context, we develop a maximum likelihood estimator of the target angle for the proposed multi-sector IS self-sensing system, along with the corresponding theoretical limits defined by the Craḿer-Rao Bound. The analysis reveals that the advantages of the multi-sector IS self-sensing system stem from two aspects: enhancing the probing power on targets (thereby improving power efficiency) and increasing the rate of target angle (thereby enhancing the transceiver's sensitivity to target angles). Finally, our analysis and simulations confirm that the multi-sector IS self-sensing system, particularly the 4-sector architecture, achieves full-space sensing capability beyond the single-sector IS configuration. Furthermore, similarly to communications, employing directive antenna patterns on each sector's IS elements and sensors significantly enhances sensing capabilities. This enhancement originates from both aspects of improved power efficiency and target angle sensitivity, with the former also being observed in communications while the latter being unique in sensing. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Directive antennas

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Revolutionizing Cyber Security: Exploring the Synergy of Machine Learning and Logical Reasoning for Cyber Threats and Mitigation

Revolutionizing Cyber Security: Exploring the Synergy of Mac...

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IEEE computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI

作者： Deepak Puthal Saraju P. Mohanty Amit Kumar Mishra Chan Yeob Yeun Ernesto Damiani Center for C2PS and Department of EECS Khalifa University Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas Denton Texas USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa Department of Engineering Science University West Trollhättan Sweden Department of Computer Science Università degli Studi di Milano Milan Italy

The integration of machine learning (ML) and logical reasoning (LR) in cyber security is an emerging field that shows great potential for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of security systems. While ML can detect anomalies and patterns in large amounts of data, LR can provide a higher-level understanding of threats and enable better decision-making. This paper explores the future of ML and LR in cyber security and highlights how the integration of these two approaches can lead to more robust security systems. We discuss several use cases that demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated approach, such as threat detection and response, vulnerability assessment, and security policy enforcement. Finally, we identify several research directions that will help advance the field, including the development of more explainable ML models and the integration of human-in-the-loop approaches.

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Analytic solutions and multi-stable chaotic dynamics in perturbed and unperturbed nonlinear electromagnetic wave systems for engineering applications

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Results in engineering 2025年 26卷

作者： Zahid, Muhammad Rehman, Zia Ur Shoaib, Sultan Bolla, Devi Prasanth Muddassar, Muhammad Khattak, Riqza Amin, Yasar University of Engineering and Technology Department of Telecommunication Engineering Punjab Taxila47050 Pakistan Gulf University for Science and Technology Computer Engineering Department Hawally32093 Kuwait University of Engineering and Technology Department of Mathematical Sciences Punjab Taxila47050 Pakistan Lamar University Phillip M. Drayer Department of Electrical Engineering BeaumontTX77705 United States Wrexham University School of Applied Science Computing and Engineering Wales WrexhamLL11 2AW United Kingdom

This paper undertakes a theoretical analytic study of a (3+1)-dimensional NLHSM, thereby generalizing the (2+1)-dimensional NLHSM to three spatial dimensions with a view of capturing rich features in the NL electromagnetic wave systems. From the solutions gained by the IGREM method, a variety of dynamical behaviors, including bifurcation, multi-stable chaos, period, and quasi-period wave structures, are given. Both the cases of perturbation and no perturbation are considered to study the effect of interactions in the various wave phenomena. The complexity of stability and sensitivity of these systems is described through bifurcation analysis, which shows how the system proceeds from stable periodic oscillations to quasi-periodic and chaotic oscillations. The new ideas on the excitation and stabilization of electromagnetic waves in strongly nonlinear media can be useful in engineering, for example, for accurately modeling modern telecommunication systems and controlling waves in plasma physics. The analytic solutions offer a starting point to investigate wave behaviors in higher dimensions, which aids in the creation of new approaches to the management of waves in engineering. Users can gain physical wave behavior access to both simulations and their practical implementation through the generalized model for enhancing electromagnetic wave-based engineering systems. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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The National Quantum-Safe Network in Singapore 49

The National Quantum-Safe Network in Singapore

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49th European Conference on Optical Communications, ECOC 2023

作者： Qin, Hao Haw, Jing Yan Duan, Xiao Cai, Yu Murthy, Ramana Ng, Nelly Sikdar, Biplab Kurtsiefer, Christian Kasper, Michael Ling, Alexander Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 2 117543 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore 2 Science Drive 3 117551 Singapore Fraunhofer Singapore Research Centre@NTU Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 119077 Singapore School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781839539954

We introduce the National Quantum-Safe Network, which is a nationwide collaborative fielddeployed testbed aimed at demonstrating quantum-safe cryptography solutions. With several key aspects including testbed, security evaluation, standardisation, and ecosystem building, the network aims to achieve a vendor-neutral, multi-protocol platform that complies with international standards. © The Institution of engineering & Technology 2023.

关键词： Testbeds

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A Prediction-Enhanced Physical-to-Virtual Twin Connectivity Framework for Human Digital Twin

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IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 2024年

作者： Okegbile, Samuel D. Cai, Jun Wu, Junjie Chen, Jiayuan Yi, Changyan University of the Fraser Valley School of Computing AbbotsfordBCV2S 7M8 Canada Concordia University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Jiangsu Nanjing211106 China

This paper proposes a new secure and privacy-preserving prediction-enhanced solution for reliable physical-to-virtual communications in human digital twin (HDT) systems. With such a prediction-enhanced connectivity (PeHDT) framework, the evolution of any virtual twin (VT) could be triggered in real-time or in advance using the expected state of its physical counterpart. This ensures the continuous maintenance of a true replica of each physical twin (PT), thus relieving the need for timely PT-VT synchronization while the VT-experienced delay is reduced to zero or close to zero. We adopted a secured federated multi-task learning technique to meet the security and privacy constraints of HDT and employed a single server discrete-time batch-service queue framework when characterizing the batching process to reduce the communication burden. Furthermore, we introduced a prediction verification framework to improve the performance of the proposed PeHDT framework. The resulting problem was formulated as a constrained Markov decision process and was solved by introducing a primary-dual deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm. Through a joint investigation of communication, batching and prediction verification schemes, the simulation results show that the proposed PeHDT framework can greatly reduce both the VT-experienced delay and the PT-VT communication time without compromising the specific requirements of HDT. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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