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2008 IEEE International 51st Midwest Symposium on Circuits and systems, MWSCAS

作者： Sharaa, Imad Aloi, Daniel N. Powertrain Control Electronics Visteon Van Buren Township MI United States Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. Oakland University Rochester MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421671

This paper provides a methodology to thermally manage an electronic control unit while reducing its radiated emissions. Measurements of the radiated emission levels for a particular electronic control unit revealed excessive levels. Electronic control units utilize pulse width modulated signals to control an external load. The rise and fall times of the pulse width modulated signal impact both the radiated emissions and the thermal behavior of the electronic control unit. The method proposed in this paper establishes a generalized relationship between the rise and fall times of the electronic control unit's pulse width modulated signals to its associated radiated emission levels and thermal behavior. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Servomechanisms

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Hybrid clustering approach for term partitioning in document data sets

Journal of Digital Information Management

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Journal of Digital Information Management 2008年第3期6卷 272-277页

作者： Reddy, K. Thammi Shashi, M. Reddy, L. Prathap Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM Visakhapatnam India Dept. of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Andhra University Visakhapatnam India Dept. of Electronics and Communications Engineering JNTU Hyderabad India

Information retrieval is one of the major research areas due to accumulation of huge information in digital form. Various techniques of Information retrieval are based on the fact that terms contained in a document along with their frequency of occurrence signify the semantics of the document. Recent attempts to find the relevant document for a context represents documents in a vector space model as document-term vector containing term weights for every index term in that document. As there will be enormous number of index terms this leads to high dimensionality problem. We can reduce the dimensionality based on the observation that groups of terms associated with related concepts occur together or do not occur in a document based on whether the document is relevant or not to that concept. Such a group of terms Is identified as an equivalence class and can be viewed as a single dimension in a Rough set based information retrieval system. In this paper we present a hybrid clustering approach for the formation of equivalence classes of terms associated with related concepts. It uses the outcome of hierarchical clustering to provide seed points for implementing Incremental K-means algorithm. Due to the sparsity of the term vector the cosine similarity estimate was found to be ineffective for term clustering. Another promising measure of proximity estimate used in information retrieval namely Euclidian distance has a drawback that It is biased towards changes in the term frequencies in larger documents when the term weights are represented by tf-ldf estimates. Hence we propose normalization for tf-idf estimates while representing a term as a vector in a document space before clustering the terms.

关键词： Vector spaces

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engineering the band gap of carbon nanotubes

Engineering the band gap of carbon nanotubes

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2008 8th IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology, IEEE-NANO

作者： Luo, Yilun Zhang, Jiangbo Xi, Ning Chen, Hongzhi King Lai, Wai-Chiu Carmen Fung, Kar-Man Tarn, T.J. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI 48824 United States Dept. of Systems Science and Math Washington University St. Louis MO 63130 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421046

For traditional semiconducting materials, band gap is a unique characteristic which limits the material's applications and device's performance. The capability of on-chip adjusting semiconducting material's band gap is extremely important in manufacturing electronic devices. As a one-dimensional nano material with excellent electrical properties, carbon nanotube (CNT) has a band gap determined by the circumferential quantum confinement, which depends on the tube diameter. Hence for a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), the band gap can be on-chip adjusted by electrically removing its outer carbon shells. This paper discusses a real-time control method for controlling the MWCNT band gap adjusting process. A state space model was developed based on the quantum model for electron transport inside a nanotube. The rapid change of the system state, which represents the occurrence of electrical breakdown, can be observed using robust fault detection technique for breakdown process control. Experimental results show that the breakdown control system can effectively convert metallic MWCNTs to semiconducting MWCNTs and further adjust the band gap, which is especially important for optical detection to reduce the dark current and enhance the photo current. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： Energy gap

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Shared Hybrid Virtual-Experimental Laboratory for training in power electronics techniques

Shared Hybrid Virtual-Experimental Laboratory for training i...

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11th IASTED International Conference on Intelligent systems and control, ISC 2008

作者： Maseda, F. Javier Martija, Itziar Garrido, Aitor Garrido, Izaskun Barambones, Oscar Martija, Irene Dept. Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Basque Country University Plaza de la Casilla3 48012 Bilbao Spain Dept. Mechanical Engineering Basque Country University Plaza de la Casilla3 48012 Bilbao Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780889867741

This paper analyzes the possibility of using a new philosophy of experimental engineering laboratory for power electronic converters applied to electric machine control. The aim is to develop an environment which, on the one hand, permits the students to design hardware and software blocks that can be incorporated into an electronic power system and, on the other hand, allows the communication and control of this system via the web. The students work in groups, on asynchronous and synchronous software platforms, on the same task and they should look for the best solution for the required design. The drawbacks related to high voltages and currents, waiting for attention from the professor, the high cost of maintenance and updating of an experimental laboratory can be overcome with the use of the Shared Hybrid Virtual-Experimental Laboratory (SHVEL). The validation of the proposed method has been carried out on an experimental system based on the digital signal processor DSP56F807 and on the free software platform FreeMaster from the commercial firm Freescale™.

关键词： Power electronics

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Vibration-based terrain classification for electric powered wheelchairs

Vibration-based terrain classification for electric powered ...

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4th IASTED International Conference on Telehealth and Assistive Technologies, Telehealth/AT 2008

作者： Coyle, Eric Collins, Emmanuel G. DuPont, Edmond Dan, Ding Hongwu, Wang Cooper, Rory A. Grindle, Garrett Dept. of Mechanical Engineering at FAMU-FSU Center for Intelligent Systems Control and Robotics Tallahassee FL 32310 United States Dept. of Rehabilitation Science and Tech. Human Engineering Research Laboratory Univ. of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15261 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780889867406

Automated terrain classification for electric powered wheelchairs (EPWs) has two primary motivations. First, certain terrains (e.g., sand and gravel) make wheelchair mobility more difficult. To alleviate this problem the wheelchair control system can be manually tuned for maximum speeds and/or accelerations to help adapt to various terrains. Terrain classification can then be used to automate the switch from one control mode to another. Second, terrain classification can help yield a better understanding of the surfaces traversed by various groups of wheelchair users. This can provide the data needed to develop wheelchairs geared to specific groups of users. This paper presents an algorithm for vibration-based terrain classification on EPWs. This algorithm has been shown to be highly accurate in offline analysis of experimental data. Future work will stress online implementation and algorithm improvements.

关键词： Wheelchairs

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Studying team shared mental models 08

Studying team shared mental models

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3rd International Conference on the Pragmatic Web: "Innovating the Interactive Society", ICPW '08

作者： Carpenter, Sandra Fortune, Julie L. Delugach, Harry S. Etzkorn, Letha H. Utley, Dawn R. Farrington, Phillip A. Virani, Shamsnaz Dept. of Psychology Univ. of Alabama Huntsville AL United States Dept. of Computer Science Univ. of Alabama Huntsville AL United States Dept. of Industrial and Systems Engineering and Engineering Management Univ. of Alabama Huntsville AL United States Quality System Management Inc.

ISBN: (纸本)9781605583549

As technology is used to support team-based activities, one important factor affecting the performance of teams is the kind of mental model shared between team members. This paper describes a novel conceptual graph based methodology to study these mental models to better understand how shared mental models affect performance and other factors of a team's behavior. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Graphic methods

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A novel fixed-outline floorplanner with zero deadspace for hierarchical design

A novel fixed-outline floorplanner with zero deadspace for h...

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2008 International Conference on computer-Aided Design, ICCAD

作者： He, Ou Dong, Sheqin Bian, Jinian Goto, Satoshi Cheng, Chung-Kuan Dept. of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Information Production and Systems Waseda University Kitakyushu 808-0135 Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of California San Diego San Diego CA 92093-0404 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424428205

Fixed-outline floorplanning, which enables hierarchical design, is considered more and more important nowadays. In this paper, a novel SA-based Fixed-outline Floorplanner with the Optimal Area utilization named SAFFOA is introduced to improve the total wirelength. The basic idea is to build and solve a group of four quadratic equations in four variables iteratively, which can handle the fixed-outline constraint of any aspect ratio. A new topological representation called Ordered Quadtree is then custom-made for this basic idea to facilitate its integration into SA iterations. After the fixed-outline constraint with 100% area utilization is achieved, we will solve the tradeoff between the chip area and wirelength and thus concentrate on the latter in SA process. Experimental results show that the chip wirelength is decreased by about 16.8% and 8.6% on average, compared with two previous fixed-outline floorplanners on soft modules, which are both proved to be better than Parquet. Besides, our method is still competitive on the wirelength, even if compared with some leading-edge outline-free floorplanners. At last, Local Refinement is also adopted to guide the SA process and reshape soft modules to meet the constraint on their aspect ratios (ARs). With its help, SAFFOA can still generate feasible floorplans with no deadspace under a strict AR constraint such as [0.5,2].

关键词： Iterative methods

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Highly accurate geometric correction for NOAA AVHRR data considering the feature of elevation, coastline and reference data

Highly accurate geometric correction for NOAA AVHRR data con...

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HUT-ICCE 2008 - 2nd International Conference on Communications and Electronics

作者： An, Ngoc Van Nakazawa, Mitsuru Aoki, Yoshimitsu Functional Control Systems Course Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan Dept. of Information Science and Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo 135-8548 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424424269

NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) satellite images have been widely used in environmental and land cover monitoring. Before delivering to the consumers, NOAA images need to be accurately transformed from image into map. This paper proposes a geometric correction method that corrects the errors caused by this transformation. In this method, the errors are corrected in image coordinate system before the image is transformed into map coordinate system. First, the elevation errors are corrected based on an elevation database. This elevation database is also used to divide data into flat and rough blocks. Next, GCP (Ground control Point) template matching is applied to specify the residual errors for the blocks that match GCP templates. In order to increase the number of GCP templates, more GCP templates are generated based on the feature of the coastline. The NOAA images from various receiving stations are also referred to make the matching result better. From the residual errors of the blocks which match GCP templates, the residual errors of other flat and rough blocks are calculated by using affine and Radial Basis Function transform respectively. Finally, data is transformed from image into map. With the proposed method, residual errors are corrected more accurately;consequently, the correction results are considerably improved. ©2008 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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Software optimization for MPSoC: A MPEG-2 decoder case study 08

Software optimization for MPSoC: A MPEG-2 decoder case study

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Embedded systems Week 2008 - 6th IEEE/ACM/IFIP International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis, CODES+ISSS 2008

作者： Cheung, Eric Hsieh, Harry Balarin, Felice Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 United States Cadence Design Systems San Jose CA 95134 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605584706

Using traditional software profiling to optimize embedded software in an MPSoC design is not reliable. With multiple processors running concurrently and programs interacting, traditional profiling on individual processors cannot capture useful execution information to assist software optimization. A new method to model parallel executions of interacting programs is needed. In this paper, we consider the software optimization problem for throughput-constrained MPSoC designs. We define the "longest delay path" as a sequence of steps leading to a throughput constraint violation and propose an algorithm to build up the path dynamically during simulation. Using an industrial-strength MPEG-2 decoder design in our case study and custom instructions for software optimization, we show that we can optimize the software efficiently in MPSoC designs using frequently executed statement information from the longest delay path. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Decoding

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An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historical documents

An evaluation survey of binarization algorithms on historica...

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作者： Stathis, Pavlos Kavallieratou, Ergina Papamarkos, Nikos Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Democritus University of Thrace 67100 Xanthi Greece Dept. of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of the Aegean 83200 Karlovassi Samos Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424421756

Document binarization is an active research area for many years. There are many difficulties associated with satisfactory binarization of document images and especially in cases of degraded historical documents. In this paper, we try to answer the question "how well an existing binarization algorithm can binarize a degraded document image?" We propose a new technique for the validation of document binarization algorithms. Our method is simple in its implementation and can be performed on any binarization algorithm since it doesn't require anything more than the binarization stage. Then we apply the proposed technique to 30 existing binarization algorithms. Experimental results and conclusions are presented. © 2008 IEEE.

关键词： History

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