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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tasoulas, Theofanis Gazis, Alexandros Tsohou, Aggeliki Ionian University Department of Informatics Corfu Greece Democritus University of Thrace Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Greece

Web tracking (WT) systems are advanced technologies used to monitor and analyze online user behavior. Initially focused on HTML and static webpages, these systems have evolved with the proliferation of IoT, edge computing, and Big Data, encompassing a broad array of interconnected devices with APIs, interfaces and computing nodes for interaction. WT systems are pivotal in technological innovation and business development, although trends like GDPR complicate data extraction and mandate transparency. Specifically, this study examines WT systems purely from a technological perspective, excluding organizational and privacy implications. A novel classification scheme based on technological architecture and principles is proposed, compared to two preexisting frameworks. The scheme categorizes WT systems into six classes, emphasizing technological mechanisms such as HTTP protocols, APIs, and user identification techniques. Additionally, a survey of over 1,000 internet users, conducted via Google Forms, explores user awareness of WT systems. Findings indicate that knowledge of WT technologies is largely unrelated to demographic factors such as age or gender but is strongly influenced by a user's background in computer science. Most users demonstrate only a basic understanding of WT tools, and this awareness does not correlate with heightened concerns about data misuse. As such, the research highlights gaps in user education about WT technologies and underscores the need for a deeper examination of their technical underpinnings. This study provides a foundation for further exploration of WT systems from multiple perspectives, contributing to advancements in classification, implementation, and user awareness. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： HTTP

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Transforming Synthesized Netlists into a Feasible & Compliant Functional Bookshelf Format 24

Transforming Synthesized Netlists into a Feasible & Complian...

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Proceedings of the 28th Pan-Hellenic Conference on Progress in Computing and informatics

作者： George Kranas Kosmas Kariotis Antonios Dadaliaris George Stamoulis Athanasios Kakarountas Dept. of Computer Science & Biomedical Informatics University of Thessaly Lamia Greece Dept. of Informatics & Telecommunications University of Thessaly Lamia Greece Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Thessaly Volos Greece

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LATUP-Net: A lightweight 3D attention U-Net with parallel convolutions for brain tumor segmentation

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 184卷 109353-109353页

作者： Alwadee, Ebtihal J. Sun, Xianfang Qin, Yipeng Langbein, Frank C. School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff University CardiffCF24 4AG United Kingdom Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Computer Science Jazan University Jazan Saudi Arabia

Early-stage 3D brain tumor segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is crucial for prompt and effective treatment. However, this process faces the challenge of precise delineation due to the tumors’ complex heterogeneity. Moreover, energy sustainability targets and resource limitations, especially in developing countries, require efficient and accessible medical imaging solutions. The proposed architecture, a Lightweight 3D ATtention U-Net with Parallel convolutions, LATUP-Net, addresses these issues. It is specifically designed to reduce computational requirements significantly while maintaining high segmentation performance. By incorporating parallel convolutions, it enhances feature representation by capturing multi-scale information. It further integrates an attention mechanism to refine segmentation through selective feature recalibration. LATUP-Net achieves promising segmentation performance: the average Dice scores for the whole tumor, tumor core, and enhancing tumor on the BraTS 2020 dataset are 88.41%, 83.82%, and 73.67%, and on the BraTS 2021 dataset, they are 90.29%, 89.54%, and 83.92%, respectively. Hausdorff distance metrics further indicate its improved ability to delineate tumor boundaries. With its significantly reduced computational demand using only 3.07 M parameters, about 59 times fewer than other state-of-the-art models, and running on a single NVIDIA GeForce RTX3060 12 GB GPU, LATUP-Net requires just 15.79 GFLOPs. This makes it a promising solution for real-world clinical applications, particularly in settings with limited resources. Investigations into the model's interpretability, utilizing gradient-weighted class activation mapping and confusion matrices, reveal that while attention mechanisms enhance the segmentation of small regions, their impact is nuanced. Achieving the most accurate tumor delineation requires carefully balancing local and global features. The code is available at https://***/ca/code-bca. © 2024 T

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Leveraging Large Language Models for Smart Pharmacy Systems: Enhancing Drug Safety and Operational Efficiency

Leveraging Large Language Models for Smart Pharmacy Systems:...

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International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication (IMCOM)

作者： Abdelrahman Osheba Ahmed Abou-El-Ela Osama Adel Youssef Maaod Tamer Abuhmed Shaker El-Sappagh Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Egypt College of Computing and Informatics Sungkyunkwan University South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331507817

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507824

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remain a crucial challenge in healthcare systems, highly contributing to patient mortality. We present an innovative smart pharmacy system that utilizes advanced large language models (LLMs) to enhance drug safety and pharmacy operational efficiency. Our system integrates real-time data from patient's prescriptions, medication databases, and electronic health records (EHR) to automate the detection of potential drug interactions, optimizing clinical decision-making and reducing ADR-related risks. The system's architecture is designed to easily manage prescription processing for patients, inventory management and control, and Pharmacist consultations through an intelligent chatbot interface. Key features include real-time tracking of medication expiration and inventory levels, an interaction checker API for identifying and mitigating risky drug combinations, and an LLM-powered chatbot for accurate data analysis and visualization. By combining advanced computational techniques with AI-driven insights, our smart pharmacy system not only improves medication safety but also eases pharmacy operations. This transformative approach holds the potential to significantly reduce ADR-related hospital admissions and enhance overall healthcare delivery. Our research underscores the vital role of AI and LLMs in modern pharmacy practice, offering an inclusive solution that integrates easily into existing healthcare infrastructures. The proposed smart pharmacy system can be plugged into hospital EHR systems to automatically track patient medications.

关键词： Drugs Electric potential Hospitals Large language models Mortality Medical services Chatbots Real-time systems Safety Electronic medical records

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EPM: Evolutionary Perception Method for Anomaly Detection in Noisy Dynamic Graphs

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IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data engineering 2025年

作者： Wang, Huan Chen, Junyang Wu, Yirui Leung, Victor C. M. Wang, Di King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Saudi Arabia Huazhong Agricultural University College of Informatics China Shenzhen University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering China Hohai University College of Computer and Information China

With the rapid expansion of interactions across various domains such as knowledge graphs and social networks, anomaly detection in dynamic graphs has become increasingly critical for mitigating potential risks. However, existing anomaly detection methods often assume noise-free dynamic graphs, overlooking the prevalence of noisy dynamic graphs in real-world applications. Specifically, noisy dynamic graphs affected by structural noises-such as spurious and missing nodes and edges-struggle to consistently provide reliable structural evidence for anomaly detection. To tackle this challenge, we propose an Evolutionary Perception Method (EPM) for identifying anomalous nodes in noisy dynamic graphs by resisting the interference of structural noises. EPM primarily consists of two components: a dynamic fitter and a filtering reviser. The dynamic fitter characterizes the interaction dynamics of nodes that removes and generates links at each period as a multiple superposition state, utilizing various link prediction algorithms to fit evolutionary mechanisms. Additionally, the filtering reviser designs evolutional entropies to quantify the evolutional uncertainty in multiple superposition states, further designing the Kalman filter to optimize these entropies. Extensive experiments show that the proposed EPM method surpasses state-of-the-art approaches in detecting anomalous nodes in noisy dynamic graphs. © 1989-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Framework for Enhancing Cybersecurity

International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies

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International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies 2025年第3期19卷 170-190页

作者： Al-Nawashi, Malek M. Al-Hazaimeh, Obaida M. Tahat, Nedal M. Gharaibeh, Nasr Abu-Ain, Waleed A. Abu-Ain, Tarik Al-Huson University College Al-Balqa Applied University Irbid Jordan Faculty of Information Technology Department of Information Security and Cybersecurity Philadelphia University Amman Jordan Faculty of Science The Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan College of Science and Computer Engineering Taibah University Yanbu Saudi Arabia College of Computing and Informatics Saudi Electronic University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

The detection of cyberattacks has been increasingly emphasized in recent years, focusing on both infrastructure and people. Conventional security measures such as intrusion detection, firewalls, and encryption are insufficient in protecting cyber systems against growing and changing threats. In order to address this problem, scholars have explored reinforcement learning (i.e., RL) as a potential solution for intricate cybersecurity decision-making difficulties. Nevertheless, the use of RL faces several obstacles, including dynamic attack scenarios, insufficient training data, and the challenge of replicating real-world complexities. This study presents a novel framework that uses deep reinforcement learning (i.e., DRL) to simulate harmful cyberattacks and improve cybersecurity. This study presents an agent-based framework that is capable of ongoing learning and adaptation in a dynamic network security environment. The agent determines the optimal course of action by considering the current state of the network and the rewards it receives for its decisions. The CIC-IDS-2018 database, constructed using Python 3.7 programming, was used. The conducted studies yielded outstanding results, with a detection accuracy of 98.82% achieved for the CIC-IDS-2018 database in cyber-attack classification. © 2025 by the authors of this article. Published under CC-BY.

关键词： Cybersecurity

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Hybrid deep learning approach for brain tumor classification using EfficientNetB0 and novel quantum genetic algorithm

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PeerJ computer Science 2025年 11卷 e2556-e2556页

作者： Gencer, Kerem Gencer, Gülcan Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Afyonkarahisar Turkey Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Faculty of Medicine Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Afyonkarahisar Turkey

One of the most complex and life-threatening pathologies of the central nervous system is brain tumors. Correct diagnosis of these tumors plays an important role in determining the treatment plans of patients. Traditional classification methods often rely on manual assessments, which can be prone to error. Therefore, multiple classification of brain tumors has gained significant interest in recent years in both the medical and computer science fields. The use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, especially in the automatic classification of brain tumors, is increasing significantly. Deep learning models can achieve high accuracy when trained on datasets in diagnosis and classification. This study examined deep learning-based approaches for automatic multi-class classification of brain tumors, and a new approach combining deep learning and quantum genetic algorithms (QGA) was proposed. The powerful feature extraction ability of the pre-trained EfficientNetB0 was utilized and combined with this quantum genetic algorithms, a new approach was proposed. It is aimed to develop the feature selection method. With this hybrid method, high reliability and accuracy in brain tumor classification was achieved. The proposed model achieved high accuracy of 98.36% and 98.25%, respectively, with different data sets and significantly outperformed traditional methods. As a result, the proposed method offers a robust and scalable solution that will help classify brain tumors in early and accurate diagnosis and contribute to the field of medical imaging with patient outcomes. Copyright 2025 Gencer and Gencer

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Recursive Broadcasting Approach 33

Recursive Broadcasting Approach

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33rd Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed, and Network-Based Processing, PDP 2025

作者： Harutyunyan, Hovhannes A. Hovhannisyan, Narek Concordia University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering MontrealQCH3G 1M8 Canada Institute for Informatics and Automation Problems NAS RA Yerevan0014 Armenia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331524937

Broadcasting is one of the fundamental information dissemination primitives in interconnection networks, where a message is passed from one node (called originator) to all other nodes in the network. Following the increasing interest in interconnection networks, extensive research was dedicated to broadcasting. Two main research goals of this area are finding inexpensive network structures that maintain efficient broadcasting and finding the broadcast time for well-known and widely used network topologies. In the scope of this study, we will mainly focus on determining the broadcast time and nearoptimal broadcasting schemes in networks. Determination of the broadcast time of any node in an arbitrary network is known to be NP-hard. Polynomial time solutions are known only for a few network topologies. There also exist various heuristic and approximation algorithms for different network topologies. In this study, we consider the broadcast time problem on graphs that comprise some recursive structures. We initiate a novel direction to designing broadcasting algorithms on recursively defined graphs. We provide a theoretical foundation for future broadcasting studies, as well as discuss several practical applications of the approach we introduce. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Interconnection networks (circuit switching)

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ZKCross: An Efficient and Reliable Cross-Chain Authentication Scheme Based on Lightweight Attribute-Based Zero-Knowledge Proof 24th

ZKCross: An Efficient and Reliable Cross-Chain Authenticati...

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24th International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, ICA3PP 2024

作者： Xu, Yuwei Cai, Hailang Chen, Jialuo Xiang, Qiao Xu, Jingdong Cheng, Guang School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China Purple Mountain Laboratories for Network and Communication Security Nanjing China Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Application Supervision and Management Nanjing China School of Informatics Xiamen University Xiamen China College of Computer Science Nankai University Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819615506

The consortium blockchain finds wide application in finance and logistics. However, these independent networks create information silos. Cross-chain authentication aims to bridge these gaps. It verifies qualifications across different blockchains, yet it can risk leaking sensitive data. The main methods include Attribute-Based Signatures (ABS) and Attribute-Based Zero-Knowledge Proof (ABZKP). ABZKP better handles key management, general applicability, and attribute verification than ABS. However, the current ABZKP suffers from large proof files and slow verification. Additionally, many schemes can’t handle sets of multiple attributes and may introduce centralization. Overall, the current schemes based on zero-knowledge proof still struggle to strike a balance between security and efficiency. We propose a reliable cross-chain authentication scheme. Our lightweight zero-knowledge proof algorithm enhances verification speed and reduces file size. We also introduce parallel verification to address security concerns. Security analysis and experiments show that ZKCross when properly configured, achieves near-perfect accuracy and outperforms others in size and speed. Thus, ZKCross stands as an efficient and dependable cross-chain authentication scheme. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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Leveraging LLM in Genetic Programming Hyper-heuristics for Dynamic Microservice Deployment 37th

Leveraging LLM in Genetic Programming Hyper-heuristics for...

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37th Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AJCAI 2024

作者： Fang, Zhengxin Ma, Hui Chen, Gang Hartmann, Sven Wang, Chen Centre for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence and School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand Department of Informatics Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Wellington New Zealand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819603473

Microservice deployment in cloud computing is a challenging combinatorial optimization problem due to the complex dependencies among microservices and the intricate trade-offs among different QoS requirements, e.g., minimizing Energy Consumption (EC) vs. minimizing Communication Overhead (CO). Recently, some hyper-heuristics methods, particularly Genetic Programming Hyper-Heuristics (GPHH), have been proposed to automatically generate heuristics for solving dynamic microservice deployment problems. Meanwhile, Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming popular for solving various domain-specific problems thanks to their strong ability to learn problem-related knowledge. However, hybridizing GPHH with LLM by combining their abilities in solving complex optimization problems remains unexplored. In this paper, we propose an LLM-enhanced Genetic Programming Hyper-Heuristic (LLM-GPHH) algorithm to evolve heuristics for the dynamic deployment of applications composed of microservices, to jointly optimize EC and CO. Our experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the newly proposed LLM-GPHH. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Genetic programming

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