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Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross section in pp collisions at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Physical Review D 2011年第5期83卷 052005-052005页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott J. Abdallah A. A. Abdelalim A. Abdesselam O. Abdinov B. Abi M. Abolins H. Abramowicz H. Abreu E. Acerbi B. S. Acharya M. Ackers D. L. Adams T. N. Addy J. Adelman M. Aderholz S. Adomeit P. Adragna T. Adye S. Aefsky J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra M. Aharrouche S. P. Ahlen F. Ahles A. Ahmad M. Ahsan G. Aielli T. Akdogan T. P. A. Åkesson G. Akimoto A. V. Akimov M. S. Alam M. A. Alam S. Albrand M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov M. Aleppo F. Alessandria C. Alexa G. Alexander G. Alexandre T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob M. Aliev G. Alimonti J. Alison M. Aliyev P. P. Allport S. E. Allwood-Spiers J. Almond A. Aloisio R. Alon A. Alonso J. Alonso M. G. Alviggi K. Amako P. Amaral C. Amelung V. V. Ammosov A. Amorim G. Amorós N. Amram C. Anastopoulos N. Andari T. Andeen C. F. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei M-L. Andrieux X. S. Anduaga A. Angerami F. Anghinolfi N. Anjos A. Annovi A. Antonaki M. Antonelli S. Antonelli J. Antos F. Anulli S. Aoun L. Aperio Bella R. Apolle G. Arabidze I. Aracena Y. Arai A. T. H. Arce J. P. Archambault S. Arfaoui J-F. Arguin E. Arik M. Arik A. J. Armbruster K. E. Arms S. R. Armstrong O. Arnaez C. Arnault A. Artamonov G. Artoni D. Arutinov S. Asai R. Asfandiyarov S. Ask B. Åsman L. Asquith K. Assamagan A. Astbury A. Astvatsatourov G. Atoian B. Aubert B. Auerbach E. Auge K. Augsten M. Aurousseau N. Austin R. Avramidou D. Axen C. Ay G. Azuelos Y. Azuma M. A. Baak G. Baccaglioni C. Bacci A. M. Bach H. Bachacou K. Bachas G. Bachy M. Backes E. Badescu P. Bagnaia S. Bahinipati Y. Bai D. C. Bailey T. Bain J. T. Baines O. K. Baker S. Baker F. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa E. Banas P. Banerjee Sw. Banerjee D. Banfi A. Bangert V. Bansal H. S. Bansil L. Barak S. P. Baranov A. Barashkou A. Barbaro Galtieri T. Barber E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero D. Y. Bardin T. Barillari M. Barisonzi T. Barklow N. Barlow B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett A. Baroncelli A. J. Barr F. Barreiro J. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa P. Barrillon R. Bartoldus A. E. Barton D. Bartsch R. L. Bates L. Batkova J. R. Batley A. Battaglia Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Fakultät für Mathematik und Physik Hermann-Herder Str. 3 D - 79104 Freiburg i.Br. Germany University of Oklahoma Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy 440 West Brooks Room 100 Norman Oklahoma 73019-0225 USA Institut de Física d’Altes Energies IFAE Edifici Cn Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona ES - 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain Université de Genève Section de Physique 24 rue Ernest Ansermet CH - 1211 Geneve 4 Switzerland Oxford University Department of Physics Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road Oxford OX1 3RH United Kingdom Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences H. Javid Avenue 33 AZ 143 Baku Azerbaijan Oklahoma State University Department of Physics 145 Physical Sciences Building Stillwater Oklahoma 74078-3072 USA Michigan State University Department of Physics and Astronomy High Energy Physics Group East Lansing Michigan 48824-2320 USA Tel Aviv University Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Ramat Aviv IL - Tel Aviv 69978 Israel LAL Univ. Paris-Sud IN2P3/CNRS Orsay France INFN Sezione di Milano via Celoria 16 IT - 20133 Milano Italy Università di Milano Dipartimento di Fisica via Celoria 16 IT - 20133 Milano Italy INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Strada Costiera 11 IT-34014 Trieste Italy ICTP Strada Costiera 11 IT-34014 Trieste Italy University of Bonn Physikalisches Institut Nussallee 12 D - 53115 Bonn Germany Brookhaven National Laboratory Physics Department Building 510A Upton New York 11973 USA Hampton University Department of Physics Hampton Virginia 23668 USA Yale University Department of Physics PO Box 208121 New Haven Connecticut 06520-8121 USA Max-Planck-Institut für Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut) Föhringer Ring 6 80805 München Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Fakultät für Physik Am Coulombwall 1 DE - 85748 Garching Germany Queen Mary University of London Department of Physics Mile End Road London E1 4NS United Kingdo

A measurement of the cross section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy s=7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges |ηγ|<1.37 and 1.52≤|ηγ|<1.81 in the transverse energy range 15≤ETγ<100 GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 880 nb−1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Photon candidates are identified by combining information from the calorimeters and from the inner tracker. Residual background in the selected sample is estimated from data based on the observed distribution of the transverse isolation energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate. The results are compared to predictions from next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations.

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Power Saving Methods for MBMS Transmissions in UTRAN

Power Saving Methods for MBMS Transmissions in UTRAN

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13th IEEE Symposium on computers and Communications

作者： Alexiou, Antonios Bouras, Christos Kokkinos, Vasileios Research Academic Computer Technology Institute Greece and Computer Engineering and Informatics Dept. Univ. of Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424427024

The demand for wireless multimedia communications thrives in today's consumer and corporate market. The need to evolve multimedia applications and services is at a critical point given the proliferation and integration of wireless systems. Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (MBMS) was introduced in Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 6 in order to more efficiently use network and radio resources for the transmission of multimedia data, both in the core network and most importantly in the air interface of UTRAN (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network). However, several obstacles, regarding the high power requirements, should be overcome for the realization of MBMS. The fact that Node B's transmission power is a limited resource and must be shared among all MBMS users in a cell indicates the need for power control during MBMS transmissions. Several techniques, such as Dynamic Power Setting and Macro Diversity Combining, have been proposed in order to reduce the power requirements of delivering multicast traffic to MBMS users. This paper examines the efficiency of the utilization of these power saving techniques, by presenting simulation results that will reveal the amount of power that is saved.

关键词： Power control

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Naturally occurring data as research instrument: Analyzing examination responses to study the novice programmer

SIGCSE Bulletin Inroads

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SIGCSE Bulletin Inroads 2009年第4期41卷

作者： Clear, Tony Bouvier, Dennis J. Jacková, Jana Robbins, Phil Lister, Raymond Carter, Paul Lopez, Mike Seppälä, Otto Simon Eckerdal, Anna McCartney, Robert Thompson, Errol School of Comp. and Math. Sciences AUT University New Zealand Department of Computer Science Southern Illinois Univ. Edwardsville United States Faculty of Manag. Sci. and Informatics University of Zilina Slovakia Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Canada Manukau Institute of Technology New Zealand Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Helsinki University of Technology Finland Faculty of Science and IT University of Newcastle Australia Dept of Information Technology Uppsala University Sweden Dept Comp. Sci. and Engineering University of Connecticut United States United Kingdom

In New Zealand and Australia, the BRACElet project has been investigating students' acquisition of programming skills in introductory programming courses. The project has explored students' skills in basic syntax, tracing code, understanding code, and writing code, seeking to establish the relationships between these skills. This ITiCSE working group report presents the most recent step in the BRACElet project, which includes replication of earlier analysis using a far broader pool of naturally occurring data, refinement of the SOLO taxonomy in code-explaining questions, extension of the taxonomy to code-writing questions, extension of some earlier studies on students' 'doodling' while answering exam questions, and exploration of a further theoretical basis for work that until now has been primarily empirical.

关键词： Students

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Performance Evaluation of a Descent Algorithm for Bi-matrix Games

Performance Evaluation of a Descent Algorithm for Bi-matrix ...

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4th International Workshop on Internet and Network Economics

作者： Tsaknakis, Haralampos Spirakis, Paul G. Kanoulas, Dimitrios Research Academic Computer Technology Institute (RACTI) Greece Dept. of Computer Eng. and Informatics Patras University Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783540921844

In this paper we present an implementation and performance evaluation of a descent algorithm that was proposed in [1] for the computation of approximate Nash equilibria of non-cooperative bi-matrix games. This algorithm, which achieves the best polynomially computable epsilon-approximate equilibria till now, is applied here to several problem instances designed so as to avoid the existence of easy solutions. Its performance is analyzed in terms of quality of approximation and speed of convergence. The results demonstrate significantly better performance than the theoretical worst case bounds, both for the quality of approximation and for the speed of convergence. This motivates further investigation into the intrinsic characteristics of descent algorithms applied to bi-matrix games. We discuss these issues and provide some insights about possible variations and extensions of the algorithmic concept that could lead to further understanding of the complexity of computing equilibria. We also prove here a new significantly better bound on the number of loops required for convergence of the descent algorithm.

关键词： Parallel processing systems

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Implementing distributed multicost routing in mobile ad hoc networks using DSR

Implementing distributed multicost routing in mobile ad hoc ...

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6th ACM International Symposium on Mobility Management and Wireless Access, MobiWac 2008

作者： Papageorgiou, Christos A. Kokkinos, Panagiotis C. Varvarigos, Emmanouel A. Dept. of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Greece Research Academic Computer Technology Institute Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781605580555

In this work we study the distributed implementation of multicost routing in mobile ad hoc networks. In contrast to single-cost routing, where each path is characterized by a scalar, in multicost routing a vector of cost parameters is as- signed to each link, from which the cost vectors of the paths are calculated. These parameters are combined according to an optimization function for selecting the optimal path. Up until now the performance of multicost routing in ad hoc networks has been evaluated either at a theoretical level or by assuming that nodes are static and have full knowledge of the network topology and nodes' state. In the present paper we assess the performance of multicost routing, based on energy-related parameters, in mobile ad hoc networks by embedding its logic in the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) algorithm, which is a well-known distributed routing algo- rithm. We compare the performance of the multicost-DSR algorithm to that of the original DSR algorithm under var- ious node mobility scenarios. The results confirm that the multicost-DSR algorithm improves the performance of the network in comparison to the original DSR, by reducing en- ergy consumption overall in the network, spreading energy consumption more uniformly across the network, and reduc- ing the packet drop probability and delivery delay. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Mobile ad hoc networks

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A SIP spatial audio server for the EVE platform

A SIP spatial audio server for the EVE platform

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3rd International Conference on computer Graphics Theory and Applications

作者： Bouras, Ch. Triglianos, V. Tsiatsos, Tb. Research Academic Computer Technology Institute (CTI) Greece Computer Engineering and Informatics Department (CEID) University of Patras Greece Department of Informatics Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Research Academic Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789898111203

When it comes to 3D Virtual Environments it is well known that 3D sound is of great importance to the whole interactive experience. The percept of sound is a major counterpart for the eyesight, since it describes the location, the momentum and the attitude towards the listener, of each surrounding entity. The sound can offer precision of spatial perception that cannot be achieved by the eye itself Thus the support of 3D surround sound of high fidelity is mandatory for a 3D Virtual platform. The evolution of Internet telephony led to the introduction of new session establishment and management protocols. The most important of them, the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), is a robust, lightweight reliable and fast application-layer control (signaling) protocol that is highly adopted for creating, modifying and terminating sessions. This protocol can be of extreme importance in establishing audio sessions for multi-user platforms. This paper presents the work done for developing a SIP 3D spatial audio server for a multi-user virtual environments platform, called EVE, in order to support 3D spatial audio.

关键词： virtual reality multimedia collaboration SIP spatial 3D audio networked virtual environments multimedia systems architecture applications

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Emulating lossless, one-way signaling protocols in OBS networks with traffic prediction

Emulating lossless, one-way signaling protocols in OBS netwo...

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ONDM 2008 - 12th Conference on Optical Network Design and Modelling

作者： Monoyios, Demetris Vlachos, Kyriakos Computer Engineering and Informatics Department Research Academic Computer Technology Institute University of Patras Rio Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783901882272

In this paper, we propose a new scheme for on demand reservation of capacity in OBS networks, emulating one-way signaling protocols. The proposed framework relies on the combination of a two-way reservation protocol and a burst assembly scheme with a burstification delay enforced to be the round-trip-time and which incorporates a Least Mean Square filter to predict burst length. Upon the arrival of the first packet in the burst queue, a control packet (setup message) is generated and transmitted to reserve resources, based on the prediction filter. In this way the reservation process starts/ends simultaneously with the burst assembly process. In this paper, we present the main features of the proposed scheme, evaluate its performance for both homogeneous and non-homogeneous traffic and we further propose an extension with aggressive overprovisioning of resources that can guarantee lossless operation even for extremely cases of bursty traffic.

关键词： Optical burst switching

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Probabilistic protocols for fair communication in wireless sensor networks

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4th International Workshop on Algorithmic Aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks, ALGOSENSORS 2008

作者： Chatzigiannakis, Ioannis Kirousis, Lefteris Stratiotis, Thodoris Research Academic Computer Technology Institute Patras Greece Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)3540928618

In this work we present three new distributed, probabilistic data propagation protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks which aim at maximizing the network's operational life and improve its performance. The keystone of these protocols' design is fairness which declares that fair portions of network's work load should be assigned to each node, depending on their role in the system. All the three protocols, EFPFR, MPFR and TWIST, emerged from the study of the rigorously analyzed protocol PFR. Its design elements were identified and improvements were suggested and incorporated into the introduced protocols. The experiments conducted show that our proposals manage to improve PFR's performance in terms of success rate, total amount of energy saved, number of alive sensors and standard deviation of the energy left. Indicatively we note that while PFR's success rate is 69.5%, TWIST is achieving 97.5% and its standard deviation of energy is almost half of that of PFR. © 2008 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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A graph-theoretic network security game

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International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems 2008年第4期1卷 390-410页

作者： Mavronicolas, Marios Papadopoulou, Vicky G. Philippou, Anna Spirakis, Paul G. Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus Nicosia CY-1678 Cyprus Department of Computer Engineering and Informatics University of Patras Rion Patras 26500 Greece Research Academic Computer Technology Institute Rion Patras 26500 Greece

Consider a network vulnerable to viral infection, where the security software can guarantee safety only to a limited part of it. We model this practical network scenario as a non-cooperative multi-player game on a graph, with two kinds of players, a set of attackers and a protector player, representing the viruses and the system security software, respectively. We are interested in the associated Nash equilibria, where no network entity can unilaterally improve its local objective. We obtain the following results: For certain families of graphs, mixed Nash equilibria can be computed in polynomially time. These families include, among others, regular graphs, graphs with perfect matchings and trees. The corresponding price of anarchy for any mixed Nash equilibria of the game is upper and lower bounded by a linear function of the number of vertices of the graph. (We define the price of anarchy to reflect the utility of the protector). Finally, we introduce a generalised version of the game. We show that the existence problem of pure Nash equilibria here is NP-complete. Copyright © 2008 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Network security

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Monitoring end to end bandwidth on demand circuits over ethernet infrastructure 7

Monitoring end to end bandwidth on demand circuits over ethe...

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7th International Network Conference, INC 2008

作者： Bouras, C. Gkamas, A. Stamos, K. Research Academic Computer Technology Institute University Campus N. Kazantzaki Str Rio26500 Greece Computer Engineering and Informatics Dept. University of Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781841021881

AutoBAHN (Automated Bandwidth Allocation across Heterogeneous Networks) has specified and is now prototyping a Bandwidth on Demand (BoD) service intended to operate in a multidomain environment using heterogeneous transmission technologies. The AutoBAHN system aims at providing a guaranteed capacity, connection-oriented service between two end points. This paper highlights the architecture of the monitoring system for the AutoBAHN service, the implementations challenges and the decisions taken, focusing on monitoring end to end BoD reservations over ethernet infrastructure. In addition this paper presents the architecture and the components of the AutoBAHN monitoring system for ethernet infrastructures. © 2008 University of Plymouth All rights reserved.

关键词： Quality of service

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