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Multext-east: Parallel and comparable corpora and lexicons for six central and Eastern European languages 36

Multext-east: Parallel and comparable corpora and lexicons f...

36th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and 17th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING-ACL 1998

作者： Dimitrova, Ludmila Erjavec, Tomaz Ide, Nancy Kaalep, Heiki Jaan Petkevic, Vladimir Tufts, Dan Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Sofia Bulgaria Institute Jozef Stefan Ljubljana Slovenia Dept. of Computer Science Vassar College PoughkeepsieNY United States Dept. of General Linguistics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Inst. of Theoretical and Computational Linguistics Charles University Prague Czech Republic Romanian Academy Center for Artificial Intelligence Bucharest Romania

The EU Copernicus project Multext-East has created a multi-lingual corpus of text and speech data, covering the six languages of the project: Bulgarian, Czech, Estonian, Hungarian, Romanian, and Slovene. In addition, wordform lexicons for each of the languages were developed. The corpus includes a parallel component consisting of Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, with versions in all six languages tagged for part-of-speech and aligned to English (also tagged for POS). We describe the encoding format and data architecture designed especially for this corpus, which is generally usable for encoding linguistic corpora. We also describe the methodology for the development of a harmonized set of morphosyntactic descriptions (MSDs), which builds upon the scheme for western European languages developed within the EAGLES project. We discuss the special concerns for handling the six project languages, which cover three distinct language families. © COLING-ACL *** right reserved.

关键词： Signal encoding

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A hybrid modeling and verification paradigm for embedded control systems

A hybrid modeling and verification paradigm for embedded con...

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作者： Mosterman, Pieter J. Biswas, Gautam Sztipanovits, Janos Inst. of Robotics and Syst. Dynam. DLR Oberpfaffenhofen D-82230 Wessling Germany Department of Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States

Contemporary process control includes continuous and discrete components. At the lowest level, continuous PID controllers are used for actuation and control. At a higher level, supervisory control mechanisms are used to select appropriate control algorithms for the different modes of system operation to achieve optimal or near-optimal control. Modeling and analysis of such combined discrete and continuous components requires hybrid modeling techniques. This paper presents a hybrid modeling paradigm, and discusses its execution semantics, which are based on the principles of invariance of state and temporal evolution of state. The modeling and simulation methodology is used to analyze the control behavior of dynamic physical systems, and a model-verification technique based on divergence of time demonstrates possible applications in design tasks.

关键词： Process control

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Rough-fuzzy membership functions

Rough-fuzzy membership functions

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IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： M. Sarkar B. Yegnanarayana Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng. Indian Inst. of Technol. Madras India Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Chennai India

This paper generalizes the concept of rough membership functions in pattern classification tasks to rough-fuzzy membership functions. Unlike the rough membership value of a pattern, which is sensitive only towards the rough uncertainty associated with the pattern, the rough-fuzzy membership value of the pattern signifies the rough uncertainty as well as the fuzzy uncertainty associated with the pattern. In this paper, various set theoretic properties of the rough-fuzzy membership functions are exploited to characterize the concept of rough-fuzzy sets and to measure the rough-fuzzy ambiguity associated with a given output class. Finally, a few possible applications of the rough-fuzzy membership functions are mentioned.

关键词： Rough sets Uncertainty Fuzzy sets Humans computer science Marine vehicles Pattern classification Entropy Shape Data mining

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Personal speech coding

Personal speech coding

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wenhui Jin Wai-Yip Chan Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Illinois Inst. of Technol. Chicago IL USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780344286

In existing speech coding systems, all quantizer codebooks are designed to suit the statistical and perceptual characteristics of speech signals of a population of speakers. However, an individual's speech signal does not exhibit, even over a long time, the entire range of characteristics of the population. With the advent of the personal communication systems, personal information might become available and be used to improve the rate-distortion performance of speech coders. We assess the potential gain of personal speech coding by designing codebooks for individual speakers. Spectral quantisation, excitation and pitch lag codebooks of existing CELP coders are redesigned. The gains appear to be modest, suggesting that we need to use a different coding framework, which can model personal characteristics explicitly. Amongst the components, the spectral quantizer seems to be most amenable to personalization.

关键词： Speech coding Distortion measurement Databases Rate-distortion Signal design Quantization Explosives Wireless communication Personal communication networks Decoding

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Optimum FEC coding rate allocation for video transport over ATM networks

Optimum FEC coding rate allocation for video transport over ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： R. Kurceren J. Modestino Dept. of Electr. Comput. & Syst. Eng. Rensselaer Polytech. Inst. Troy NY USA Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY USA

The use of FEC coding, possibly in conjuction with ARQ techniques, has emerged as a promising approach for video transport over ATM networks with/without wireless links for cell recovery and/or bit error recovery. Although FEC provides cell loss recovery capabilities it also introduces overhead which can possibly cause more cell losses. A methodology based on information-theoretic limits is described to maximize the number of sources multiplexed by using FEC codes.

关键词： Switches Forward error correction Buffer overflow computer networks Capacity planning Asynchronous transfer mode Channel coding Systems engineering and theory Automatic repeat request Interference channels

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Nonlinear behavior of electromagnetic waves in the YIG film microstrip line

Nonlinear behavior of electromagnetic waves in the YIG film ...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： M. Tsutsurni T. Ueda K. Okubo Dept. of Electron. & Inf. Sci. Kyoto Inst. of Technol. Japan Department of Electronics and Information Science Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki Kyoto Japan Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Okayama Japan

The limiter and microwave soliton behavior were experimentally demonstrated in the microstrip line using the 20 /spl mu/m thick yttrium iron garnet film substrate at S band. These nonlinear phenomena were explained by the strong coupling between quasi-TEM and magnetostatic forward volume wave modes at magnetic resonance frequency of /spl gamma//spl mu//sub 0/H/sub 0//2/spl pi/ from an implicit dispersion relation of the stripline.

关键词： Electromagnetic scattering Magnetic resonance Magnetic films Solitons Microstrip Yttrium Iron Garnet films Substrates Couplings

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Synthesis of testable RTL designs

Synthesis of testable RTL designs

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International Conference on VLSI Design

作者： C.P. Ravikumar S. Gupta A. Jajoo Dept. of Electr. Eng. Indian Inst. of Technol. New Delhi India Information and Computer Sciences University of California Irvine USA Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology New Delhi India Cadence Design Systems Private Limited Noida Uttar Pradesh India

With several commercial tools becoming available, the high-level synthesis of application-specific integrated circuits is finding wide spread acceptance in VLSI industry today. Existing tools for synthesis focus on optimizing cost while meeting performance constraints or vice versa. Yet, verification and testing have emerged as major concerns of IC vendors since the repercussions of chips being recalled are far-reaching. In this paper, we concentrate on the synthesis of testable RTL designs using techniques from Artificial Intelligence. We present an adaptive version of the well known Simulated Annealing algorithm and describe its application to a combinatorial optimization problem arising in the high-level synthesis of digital systems. The conventional annealing algorithm was conceived with a single perturb operator which applies a small modification to the existing solution to derive a new solution. The Metropolis criterion is then used to accept or reject the new solution. In some of the complex optimization problems arising in VLSI design, a set of perturb functions become necessary, leading to the question of how to select a particular function for modifying the current system configuration. The adaptive algorithm described here uses the concept of reward and penalty from the theory of learning automata to "learn" to apply the appropriate perturb function. We have applied both the conventional simulated annealing algorithm and the adaptive simulated annealing algorithm to the problem of testability-oriented datapath synthesis for signal processing applications. Our experimental results indicate that the adaptive algorithm can yield better solutions in shorter time.

关键词： Signal processing algorithms Simulated annealing Integrated circuit synthesis Circuit testing High level synthesis Very large scale integration Adaptive algorithm Application specific integrated circuits Constraint optimization Cost function

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Moment invariants and quantization effects

Moment invariants and quantization effects

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Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： G.I. Salarna A.L. Abbott Bradley Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ. Blacksburg VA USA Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA

This paper considers the effect of spatial quantization on several moment invariants. Of particular interest are the affine moment invariants, which have emerged in recent years as a useful tool for image reconstruction, image registration, and recognition of deformed objects. Traditional analysis assumes moments and moment invariants for images that are defined in the continuous domain. In practice, however, the digitization process introduces errors that violate the invariance assumption. This paper presents an analysis of quantization-induced error on (two-dimensional) Hu moment invariants and affine moment invariants, and on invariants derived from (one-dimensional) contour moments. Error bounds are given in several cases.

关键词： Quantization Image analysis Image reconstruction Ambient intelligence Image recognition Image registration Electrical capacitance tomography Read only memory Digital systems Error analysis

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Innovations in electronic academic publishing

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IEEE Intelligent Systems and Their Applications 1998年第1期13卷 6-7页

作者： Hearst, Marti A. Wellman, Michael P. Minton, Steve Sim, Ida Lesk, Michael University of California Berkeley CA United States University of Michigan Dept. of Elec. Eng. and Comp. Sci. AI Lab MIT American Association for AI American Economic Association Assoc. for Comp. Mach. and Informs AI Laboratory University of Michigan 1101 Beal Ave. Ann Arbor MI 48109-2110 United States USC's Information Sciences Institute USC Computer Science Department Carnegie Mellon University AAAI ACM Information Sciences Inst. Univ. of Southern California 4676 Admiralty Way Marina del Rey CA 90292 United States Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco CA United States Stanford University Stanford Univ. School of Medicine Amer. Med. Informatics Association American College of Physicians Society for Medical Decision Making Dept. of Medicine Univ. of California San Francisco 400 Parnassus Ave. A-405 San Francisco CA 94143-0320 United States Div. of Info. and Intelligent Syst. National Science Foundation University College London Department of Computer Science NSF 4201 Wilson Blvd. Arlington VA 22230 United States

Examines three different innovations in electronic academic publishing of interest to practitioners in the field of intelligent systems: (1) JAIR (The Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research)-an electronic journal by and for the AI research community; (2) medical publishing and AI; and (3) how can we get high-quality electronic journals?.

关键词： Technological innovation Costs Intelligent systems Biomedical imaging Medical diagnostic imaging Subscriptions Electronic publishing Medical services Software libraries Artificial intelligence

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HiPCrypto: a high-performance VLSI cryptographic chip

HiPCrypto: a high-performance VLSI cryptographic chip

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Annual IEEE International Conference and Exhibit ASIC

作者： S.L.C. Salomao V.C. Alves E.M.C. Filho Dept. of Electr. Eng. Mil. Inst. of Eng. Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (COPPE-EE) Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Data security is an important issue in today's computer networks. This paper presents the HiPCrypto chip, which implements the IDEA cryptographic algorithm. HiPCrypto is oriented towards computer network applications demanding high throughput. Its architecture exploits both the spatial and the temporal parallelism available in the IDEA algorithm. When operating at a 53 MHz clock, HiPCrypto can encrypt/decrypt at data rates up to 3.4 Gbps.

关键词： Very large scale integration Cryptography Data security Application software Military computing computer networks Throughput Virtual private networks Cryptographic protocols Graphics

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