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Indian Conference on computer Vision, Graphics & Image Processing (ICVGIP)

作者： Nija Babu Preethi N.G. S.S. Shylaja Department of Computer Science and Engineering PES Institute of Technology Bangalore India Dept. of Inf. Sci. & Eng. PES Inst. of Technol. Bangalore

The paper presents a hybrid thresholding approach for binarization and enhancement of degraded documents. Historical documents contain information of great cultural and scientific value. But such documents are frequently degraded over time. Digitized degraded documents require specialized processing to remove different kinds of noise and to improve readability. The approach for enhancing degraded documents uses a combination of two thresholding algorithms. First, iterative global thresholding is applied to the smoothed degraded image until the stopping criteria is reached. Then a threshold selection method from gray level histogram is used to binarize the image. The next step is detecting areas where noise still remains and applying iterative thresholding locally. A method to improve the quality of textual information in the document is also done as a post processing stage, thus making the approach efficient and better suited for character recognition applications.

关键词： Degradation Image enhancement Morphology Iterative algorithms Paper technology Histograms Pixel computer science Character recognition Ink

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A Survey to Guide Group Key Protocol Development

A Survey to Guide Group Key Protocol Development

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Annual computer Security Applications Conference

作者： Ahren Studer Christina Johns Jaanus Kase Kyle O'Meara Lorrie Cranor Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University USA Carnegie Mellon University Human Computer Interaction Inst. USA Carnegie Mellon University Heinz School of Public Policy & Mgmt. Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer Science USA

A large number of papers have proposed cryptographic protocols for establishing secure group communication. These protocols allow a set of group members to exchange or establish keys to encrypt and authenticate messages within the group. At the same time, individuals outside of the group cannot eavesdrop on group communication or inject messages. There have even been usability studies, demonstrating an average user can successfully complete some of these protocols. However, group protocols are rarely used in the real world. In this work, we conduct a survey to help uncover why the general population ignores such mechanisms for group communication. We also try to determine what protocols would best match respondents' current expectations for group protocols and methods for establishing trust. Survey results indicate that a group protocol that leverages location-limited channels, PKI, or Web-of-Trust authenticated public keys and allows addition and deletion of members fulfills the majority of users' expectations.

关键词： Cryptographic protocols Public key Collaborative work Internet Public key cryptography computer security Application software Public policy Usability Human computer interaction

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Robust Predictive PI Controller Based on First-Order Dead Time Model

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 2008年第2期41卷 5808-5813页

作者： F. Arousi U. Schmitz R. Bars R. Haber Dept. of Automation and Applied Informatics Budapest University of Technology and Economics MTA-BME Control Research group Dept. of Advanced Process Control Shell Rheinland Refinery Köln/Wesseling Germany Inst. of Chemical Process Engineering and Plant Design University of Applied Science Cologne Germany

Predictive control algorithms compute the manipulated variable minimizing a cost function considering expected future errors. PI control algorithms can be equipped with predictive properties. Simple predictive control algorithms are derived using approximation of an aperiodic process by a first-order model with dead time. Applying a noise model the robustness properties of the algorithm are enhanced considering plant-model mismatch. The noise filter is considered as a design parameter. Simulation examples demonstrate the behavior of the predictive PI algorithm and the robustifying effect of the noise filter.

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Cooperative MAC for Rate Adaptive Randomized Distributed Space-Time Coding

Cooperative MAC for Rate Adaptive Randomized Distributed Spa...

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IEEE GLOBECOM 2008 - 2008 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Pei Liu Yuanpeng Liu Thanasis Korakis Anna Scaglione Elza Erkip Shivendra Panwar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Polytechnic Institute of New York University Brooklyn NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Davis CA USA Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Polytech. Inst. of NYU Brooklyn OH

In a distributed wireless network, it is possible to employ several relays and mimic a multiple antenna transmission system. In this paper we propose a MAC layer solution that allows multiple relays to send information to the receiver at unison, using a randomized distributed space time code. The randomized space-time coding can recruit relays on the fly, thus significantly reducing signaling overhead. The cross-layer design between physical layer and MAC layer involves relay discovery and rate adaptation, and results in improvements in throughput and delay performance. The design is dynamic and can be adapted to changing network conditions. The proposed MAC scheme can be integrated into various wireless technologies such as distributed contention based networks (e.g., IEEE 802.11 BSS and ad hoc mode) as well as centralized multiple access networks (e.g., IEEE 802.16).

关键词： Relays Wireless networks Recruitment Physical layer Throughput Decoding Space time codes Fading Media Access Protocol Diversity methods

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Time delay estimation in a spatially structured model using decoupled estimators for temporal and spatial parameters

Time delay estimation in a spatially structured model using ...

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ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas

作者： Felix Antreich Josef A. Nossek Gonzalo Seco A. Lee Swindlehurst German Aerospace Center (DLR) Inst. for Communications and Navigation Wessling Germany Inst. for Circuit Theory & Signal Processing Munich University of Technology (TUM) Germany Department of Telecommunication & Systems Engineering Universitat Authnòma de Barcelona Spain Dept. of Telecommunications & Systems Engineering Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB) Spain Dept. of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science The University of California Irvine CA U.S.A.

This paper deals with the joint estimation of time-delay and spatial (direction-of-arrival, DOA) parameters of several replicas of a known signal in an unknown spatially correlated field. Unstructured and structured models have been proposed for maximum likelihood (ML) estimators in the literature. The former suffers from a severe performance degradation in some scenarios, whereas the latter involves huge complexity. It is shown how the extended invariance principle (EXIP) can be applied to obtain estimates with the quality of those of the structured model, but with the complexity of the unstructured one. We present a method to improve the quality of the time-delay estimates obtained with an unstructured spatial model when an estimate of the DOAs is available. Exemplarily, simulation results for time-delay estimation for GPS (Global Positioning System) are included and confirm that our proposal approaches the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of the structured model even when suboptimal DOA estimates obtained by ESPRIT are introduced.

关键词： Delay estimation Delay effects

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Active mask segmentation for the cell-volume computation and Golgi-body segmentation of hela cell images

Active mask segmentation for the cell-volume computation and...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Gowri Srinivasa Matthew Fickus Manuel N. Gonzalez-Rivero Sarah Yichia Hsieh Yusong Guo Adam D. Linst.dt Jelena Kovacevic Department of Biomedical Engineering Center for Bioimage Informatics Department of Mathematics and Statistics Air Force Institute of Technology USA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh U.S.A. Dept. of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Bioimage Informatics Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh U.S.A. Department of Biological Sciences Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh USA

We present a novel active mask framework for the segmentation of fluorescence microscope images of cells, and in particular, for the segmentation of the Golgi body as well as cell- volume computation. We demonstrate that the algorithm is able to efficiently segment a stack of images and successfully assign multiple pieces of the Golgi body in a 2D image to the cell to which they belong. Further, we demonstrate that our algorithm is more accurate than manual segmentation of these images.

关键词： Image segmentation Active contours Level set Fluorescence Microscopy Topology Cells (biology) Proteins Testing Convergence

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On self-dual MDS codes

On self-dual MDS codes

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： Markus Grass T. Aaron Gulliver Inst. for Quantum Optics & Quantum Information Austrian Academy of Sciences Technikerstraße 21a 6020 Innsbruck Austria Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada

We consider the problem for which lengths a self-dual MDS code over F q *** show that for q = 2 m , there are self-dual MDS codes for all even lengths up to 2 m . Furthermore, self-dual MDS codes of length q + 1 over... 详细信息

关键词： Polynomials Generators Distance measurement Galois fields Linear code Quantum computing Electronic mail

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An architecture of photo core transform in HD photo coding system for embedded systems of various bandwidths

An architecture of photo core transform in HD photo coding s...

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Koichi Hattori Hiroshi Tsutsui Hiroyuki Ochi Yukihiro Nakamura Dept. of Communications and Computer Engineering Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto Japan Dept. of Information Systems Engineering Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan Research Organization of Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Shiga Japan Research Organization of Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu Shiga Japan

In this paper, we propose a novel architecture of photo core transform (PCT) which is used as transformation of image data into frequency domain in HD Photo, an emerging image coding system developed by Microsoft. In order to support various memory bus bandwidths used in system-on-a-chip (SoC) design, an implementation for each bandwidth can be derived based on our architecture. In addition, in order to reduce the local memory size and the traffic between the main and local memories, we propose a novel data transfer and storing scheme for PCT. The experimental results show that hardware modules corresponding to the given bus bandwidths can be reasonably derived from the proposed architecture.

关键词： High definition video Embedded system Bandwidth Image coding Discrete transforms Frequency domain analysis System-on-a-chip Data engineering Hardware Streaming media

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The Importance of Biometric Sensor Continuous Secure Monitoring

The Importance of Biometric Sensor Continuous Secure Monitor...

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International Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM)

作者： Alexandras Papanicolaou Christos Ilioudis Christos K. Georgiadis Elias Pimenidis Dept. of Computer & Communication Engineering University of Thessaly Volos Greece Dept. of Information Technology Technical Educational Institute of Thessaloniki Greece Dept. of Applied Informatics University of Macedonia Thessaloniki Greece School of Computing and Technology University of East London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781424429165

The security of a biometric information system depends partially on the ability of the biometric information sensor to authenticate itself securely to the processing centre it usually interacts with, thus ensuring that the securely transmitted biometric data has not been constructed by an attacker. The biometric sensors of a biometric information system are often physically exposed to potential adversaries who may manipulate them and therefore compromise the security of the system. Such attacks can be detected by continuous and secure sensor monitoring. The proposed scheme is based on the Kerberos protocol for dealing with sensor authentication issues. Using authenticated control/data packets its functionality has been extended to provide secure sensor monitoring, which can help in detecting physical attacks on the sensor itself.

关键词： Sensors Biometric Information Accidents,emergencies and safety Secure computer based information systems Security Kerberos

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Evaluation of the multicast mode of MBMS

Evaluation of the multicast mode of MBMS

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18th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communication

作者： Alexiou, Antonios Bouras, Christos Kokkinos, Vasileios Rekkas, Evangelos Research Academic Computer Technology Institute Computer Engineering and Informatics Dept. Univ. of Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781424411436

Multicasting is an efficient way for delivering rich multimedia applications to large user groups as it allows the transmission of packets to multiple destinations using fewer network resources. Content and service providers are increasingly interested in supporting multicast communications over wireless networks and in particular over Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). To this direction, the third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is currently standardizing the Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS) framework of UMTS. In this paper, we present an overview of the MBMS multicast mode of UMTS. We analytically present the multicast mode of the MBMS and analyze its performance in terms of packet delivery cost under various network topologies, cell environments and multicast users' distributions. Furthermore, for the evaluation of the scheme, we consider different transport channels for the transmission of the data over the UTRAN interfaces and propose a cost based scheme for the efficient radio bearer selection that minimizes the packet delivery cost.

关键词： Multicasting

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