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8th ACM International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys 2010

作者： Hasenfratz, David Meier, Andreas Woehrle, Matthias Zimmerling, Marco Thiele, Lothar Computer Engineering and Networks Lab ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450303446

We analyze push and pull for data collection in wireless sensor networks. Most applications to date use the traditional push approach, where nodes transmit sensed data immediately to the sink. Using a pull approach, nodes store the data in their local flash memory, and only engage in communication during dedicated collection phases. We show how one can transform an existing push-based collection protocol into a pull-based one, and compare the power consumption of both approaches on a 35-node testbed. Our results show that substantial energy gains are possible with pull, provided that the application can tolerate a long latency. Copyright 2010 ACM.

关键词： Flash memory

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Information dissemination in highly dynamic graphs 05

Information dissemination in highly dynamic graphs

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2005 Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing, DIALM-POMC 2005

作者： O'Dell, Regina Wattenhofer, Roger Computer Engineering and Networks Lab ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)1595930922

We investigate to what extent flooding and routing is possible if the graph is allowed to change unpredictably at each time step. We study what minimal requirements are necessary so that a node may correctly flood or route a message in a network whose links may change arbitrarily at any given point, subject to the condition that the underlying graph is connected. We look at algorithmic constraints such as limited storage, no knowledge of an upper bound on the number of nodes, and no usage of identifiers. We look at flooding as well as routing to some existing specified destination and give algorithms. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Information dissemination

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Distributed and synchronized measurements with FLOCKlab 12

Distributed and synchronized measurements with FLOCKLAB

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10th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys 2012

作者： Lim, Roman Walser, Christoph Ferrari, Federico Zimmerling, Marco Beutel, Jan Computer Engineering and Networks Lab ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450311694

Developing, testing, debugging, and evaluating communication protocols for low-power wireless networks is a long and cumbersome task. Simulators can be helpful in the early stages of development, but their models of hardware components and the wireless channel are often rather simplistic and hence cannot substitute experiments on real sensor node platforms. The resources available on common platforms are however very limited, and so are the possibilities for non-intrusive debugging and testing. With most existing testbeds it is only possible to collect information from the serial port, which requires adding highly intrusive logging statements that alter the timing behavior of the software running on the nodes. This is particularly detrimental to the operation of time-critical components, such as radio drivers, media access control (MAC) protocols, and certain flooding protocols [2], hindering their testbed-assisted development. Copyright © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Testbeds

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Component-based system design: Analytic real-time interfaces for state-based component implementations

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International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer 2013年第3期15卷 155-170页

作者： Lampka, Kai Perathoner, Simon Thiele, Lothar Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Computer Engineering and Communication Networks Lab ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland

Compositionality can be a helpful paradigm for coping with the complexity of large embedded systems with real-time constraints. This article exploits state-less assume/guarantee real-time interfaces extended by component properties, both to be satisfied invariantly by any component implementing the respective interface. This supports compositional evaluation of system designs, as overall properties of the latter can be derived from the component interfaces, rather than verifying them for the complete system model at analysis time. Moreover, our design strategy based on extended analytic real-time interfaces features an incremental, and component-wise development of (heterogeneous) system designs. This is, because the interface-derived properties of an overall system design are proven to be invariant under composition and substitution of interfaces and components, as long as the interface definitions are consistent, the (potentially heterogeneous) components implement their interfaces, and a dedicated inclusion criterion holds. This article develops the machinery for deriving analytic interface descriptions from Timed Automata-based component models. It develops the required consistency and conformance tests for deciding the aforementioned invariance of interfaces and components with respect to composition and substitution. This way we hope to advocate a strictly compositional design approach and improve the scalability of state-based analysis methods which we investigate in several case studies. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Real time systems

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Poster abstract: Tracking smartphones using low-power sensor nodes

Poster abstract: Tracking smartphones using low-power sensor...

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11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems, SenSys 2013

作者： Lim, Roman Computer Engineering and Networks Lab ETH Zurich 8092 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450320276

Location information about mobile devices can reveal movement patterns of people wearing them. We present a crosstechnology approach to track Wi-Fi enabled smartphones using a ZigBee sensor network. Implementing such a system on resource constrained low-power sensor nodes requires means to eficiently process signal strength measurements. We propose a new method to recognize Wi-Fi probe requests on devices that are unable to decode Wi-Fi packets. Initial experiments on a testbed show that it is possible to localize unmodified phones within a building using signal strength measurements.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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Pattern identification in pareto-set approximations 08

Pattern identification in pareto-set approximations

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10th Annual Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference, GECCO 2008

作者： Ulrich, Tamara Brockhoff, Dimo Zitzler, Eckart Computer Engineering and Networks Lab. ETH Zurich 8092 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781605581309

In a multiobjective setting, evolutionary algorithms can be used to generate a set of compromise solutions. This makes decision making easier for the user as he has alternative solutions at hand which he can directly compare. However, if the number of solutions and the number of decision variables which define the solutions are large, such an analysis may be difficult and corresponding tools are desirable to support a human in separating relevant from irrelevant information. In this paper, we present a method to extract structural information from Pareto-set approximations which offers the possibility to present and visualize the trade-off surface in a compressed form. The main idea is to identify modules of decision variables that are strongly related to each other. Thereby, the set of decision variables can be reduced to a smaller number of significant modules. Furthermore, at the same time the solutions are grouped in a hierarchical manner according to their module similarity. Overall, the output is a dendrogram where the leaves are the solutions and the nodes are annotated with modules. As will be shown on knapsack problem instances and a network processor design application, this method can be highly useful to reveal hidden structures in compromise solution sets. Copyright 2008 ACM.

关键词： Decision making

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Detecting emphasised spoken words by considering them prosodic outliers and taking advantage of HMM-based TTS framework 8

Detecting emphasised spoken words by considering them prosod...

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8th Speech Prosody 2016

作者： Liang, Hui Speech Processing Group Computer Engineering and Networks Lab ETH Zürich Switzerland

A fresh approach to detecting emphasised spoken words, where the concept of one-class classification is adopted, is investigated in this research work, such that a major difficulty - collecting a large amount of well-annotated training data containing emphasis - can be avoided. The key idea, in brief, is that after rich context-dependent phone models are trained on common, neutrally read speech data in the HMM-based speech synthesis framework, emphasised words are considered prosodic outliers with respect to these "neutral" phone models and thus get detected. Experiments were conducted on speech data in the German language without any simplifying assumption (e.g. there was only one emphasised word in each utterance). Under many conditions this universally applicable approach was found to outperform totally random guessing, even though the emphasised words constituted only a small portion (i.e. 6.28%) of the test set. © 2016, International Speech Communications Association. All rights reserved.

关键词： Statistics

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MLS: An efficient location service for mobile Ad Hoc networks

MLS: An efficient location service for mobile Ad Hoc network...

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7th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing, MOBIHOC 2006

作者： Flury, Roland Wattenhofer, Roger Computer Engineering and Networks Lab. ETH Zurich CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)1595933689

MLS is a distributed location service to track the position of mobile nodes and to route messages between any two nodes. The lookup of nodes is achieved by searching in a hierarchy of pointers that each node maintains. We show that MLS has constant stretch for lookup requests. In contrast to previous work, we consider a concurrent setup where nodes are truly mobile and move even while messages are being routed towards them. We prove correctness and efficiency of MLS and determine the maximum speed at which the nodes might move, which is up to 1/15 of the routing speed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that bounds the node speed, a necessity to prove the success of a lookup algorithm. We verified our theoretical results through extensive simulation and show that the average lookup stretch is around 6. Copyright 2006 ACM.

关键词： Telecommunication networks

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Partially reconfigurable cores for Xilinx Virtex

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Lecture Notes in computer Science

作者： Dyer, Matthias Plessl, Christian Platzner, Marco Computer Engineering and Networks Lab. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)3540441085

Recent generations of high-density and high-speed FPGAs provide a sufficient capacity for implementing complete configurable systems on a chip (CSoCs). Hybrid CPUs that combine standard CPU cores with reconfigurable coprocessors are an important subclass of CSoCs. With partially reconfigurable FPGAs, coprocessors can be loaded on demand while the CPU remains running. However, the lack of high-level design tools for partial reconfiguration makes practical implementations a challenging task. In this paper, we introduce a design flow to implement hybrid processors on Xilinx Virtex. The design flow is based on two techniques, virtual sockets and feed-through components, and can efficiently generate partial configurations from industry-quality cores. We discuss the design flow and present a fully operational audio streaming prototype to demonstrate its feasibility. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Integrated circuit design

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Modular design space exploration framework for embedded systems

Modular design space exploration framework for embedded syst...

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作者： Künzli, S. Thiele, L. Zitzler, E. Department Information Technology and Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering and Networks Lab. ETH Zürich Switzerland

Design space exploration is introduced as one of the major tasks in embedded system design. After reviewing existing exploration methods at various layers of abstraction, a generic approach is described based on multi-objective decision making, black-box optimisation and randomised search strategies. The interface between problem-specific and generic parts of the exploration framework is made explicit by defining an interface called PISA. This specification and implementation interface, and the availability of a wide range of randomised multi-objective search methods, makes the proposed framework accessible to a wide range of exploration problems. It resolves the problem that existing optimisation methods cannot be coupled easily to the problem-specific part of a design exploration tool. © IEE, 2005.

关键词： Embedded systems

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