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A hybrid approach combining OFC and FSO for multichannel connectivity

Journal of Optical Communications 2025年第2期46卷 413-420页

作者： Khalil, Iqra Noor, Kanza Qamar, Farhan Shahzadi, Romana Department of Telecommunication Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Taxila Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Taxila Pakistan

This paper presents a novel approach of establishing a multichannel optical communication link, combining optical fiber cable (OFC) and free space optics (FSO) technology. By leveraging multiple lengths of optical fiber and FSO links, along with optical amplifiers to counteract attenuation, our proposed hybrid system incorporates four channels operating within the 1550 nm window. This model is specifically designed to address communication challenges in scenarios such as unplanned urban layouts, multistory buildings, or rugged terrains where traditional optical fiber deployment is impractical. By integrating FSO for the fronthaul and optical fiber for the backhaul, our system enhances transmission capacity, thereby supporting the requirements of next-generation networks and alleviating bottlenecks and connectivity issues at the last or first mile. This innovative approach holds promise for internet service providers, enterprises, and industrial networks operating in demanding environments. Furthermore, it can serve as a vital tool for restoring emergency communication links in the aftermath of disasters such as earthquakes or floods, where traditional wired optical infrastructure may be compromised. © 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Leveraging dual-blockchain collaboration for logistics supply chain supervision

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2024年第S1期4卷 570-585页

作者： Lin, Licheng Pan, Senshan Jing, Pujie Song, Xiangmei School of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering Jiangsu University Jiangsu Zhenjiang China

Logistics supply chain (LSC), a chain structure that integrates and coordinates all logistics transactions, has become an essential component of the modern logistics industry. By using blockchain, trusted logistics services enable participants to effectively record and track transactions during the logistics process. Current blockchain-based LSC features distributed structure and data privacy requirements, hindering the supervision of logistics transactions. Leveraging emerging dual-blockchain architecture to separate logistics transactions from supervision is a promising direction. However, the dual-blockchain collaboration restricts supervision due to its cross-chain privacy and efficiency. To address these issues, a logistics supply chain supervision scheme based on dual-blockchain collaboration (DBC) is proposed. First, an independent supervision blockchain is constructed to balance the contradiction between distributed structure and supervision requirements. Second, two mechanisms are designed to enhance the privacy and performance of collaborative supervision. The hybrid access control mechanism enables fine-grained supervision for different participants, and the aggregated transaction verification method supports efficient collaboration for logistics transactions. Security analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate the feasibility of DBC in enhancing the security and supervision of logistics data on the dual-blockchain architecture. Experimental results show that the cross-chain supervision overhead of DBC is reduced to (Formula presented.) of the baseline schemes. © 2024 The Author(s). IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Cryptography

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System for extracting domain topic using link analysis and searching for relevant features

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第2期15卷 1429-1441页

作者： Hwang, Sang Won Lee, Yong Seok Nam, Young Kwang Department of Computer & amp Telecommunication Engineering Yonsei University Wonju Korea Republic of

Understanding the domain topic of software in terms of maintenance and reuse is important. However, the continual development of software and changes in its size make it difficult for engineers to understand. Recent research studies have sought to solve this problem by extracting the domain topic using various information searching techniques, such as latent semantic indexing (LSI) and latent dirichlet allocation (LDA), with the research on LDA-based techniques being particularly active. However, since the research has used only unstructured information, such as identifiers or notes, without including structured information, such as a method of calling information, it has caused problems in which extracted topics differ according to the program’s characteristics. This paper proposes a method of generating documents and extracting topics using both structured and unstructured information. In addition, indexes are generated based on the frequency of the identifier’s occurrence in the source code, and a system is proposed that extracts an association rule based on the method’s co-occurrence. Moreover, this paper suggests an information retrieval system that can provide highly reliable search results for user queries by combining domain topics, indexes with scores, and association rule information. We also develop the Topic EXtract And Search System (TEXAS2) system for this research and confirm high user satisfaction with the search results to their queries in a performance test. © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018.

关键词： computer software reusability

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IoT Based Energy Management System

IoT Based Energy Management System

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2025 International Conference on Control, Automation, and Instrumentation, IC2AI 2025

作者： Nehme, Bechara El Murr, Peter Youness, Elias ABOU Serhan, Hayssam Electrical Telecommunication and Computer Engineering department Jounieh Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529604

The need for efficient energy management solutions has never been more pressing in an era of rising energy consumption and increased environmental awareness. By creating a cutting-edge Energy Management System (EMS) that not only allows users to lower their energy costs but also promotes a healthier environment, this project aims to address this urgent problem. This system's foundation is an Internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure that makes use of Wi-Fi and PIC microcontrollers. This IoT system makes it possible to seamlessly control a variety of endpoints, ensuring optimal energy usage. To balance usage with demand and availability, devices are prioritized according to user preferences and the availability of energy sources. Additionally, by developing a user interface, this project aims to improve the user experience. Users can interact with the energy management system, which offers real-time insights into energy consumption and device control. Users can easily monitor, control, and tailor their preferences for energy use. which encourages greater engagement and control. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Energy management

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Study of PV Systems Integration on the Lebanese Grid

Study of PV Systems Integration on the Lebanese Grid

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2025 International Conference on Control, Automation, and Instrumentation, IC2AI 2025

作者： Nehme, Bechara Rached, Jad Abi Akiki, Tilda Electrical Telecommunication and Computer Engineering Department Jounieh Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529604

This project will be focused on the effect of private level solar systems on the EDL grid, specifically on the distribution part of the entire EDL network. In order to show the said effects of the integration of solar panels into the EDL network, we created models using 'power world simulator' to visually represent the changes and modifications happening in the network, in addition to the motion of power through the lines. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： DC distribution systems

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PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF CIRCULARLY POLARIZED MICROSTRIP ANTENNA USING SINGLE-LAYER FOAM SUBSTRATE FOR 5.8 GHZ ISM BAND APPLICATIONS

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telecommunications and Radio engineering (English translation of Elektrosvyaz and Radiotekhnika) 2025年第2期84卷 43-65页

作者： Hake, Shahadev Jaiswal, Rupesh Moon, Sunil Nikam, Pritam Kumar, Jayendra Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering SCTR’s Pune Institute of Computer Technology Pune India Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering KIT’s College of Engineering Kolhapur India School of Electronics Engineering VIT-AP University Andhra Pradesh India

Since last decade, a microstrip patch antenna has played a very important role in industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band applications, but single-layer antennae suffer from low gain and low radiation efficiency. For an ISM band, there is always a trade-off between these parameters, so maintaining it on a single-layer microstrip antenna is a big challenge. A circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna using a single-layer foam substrate has been designed for 5.8 GHz ISM band which offers high gain, improved radiation efficiency, and a lightweight design. It is constructed as a low-profile, single coaxial feed microstrip antenna on a foam substrate, achieving circular polarization by integrating two slots into the radiating patch antenna has dimensions of 0.98 λ0 × 0.98 λ0 × 0.096 λ0, impedance bandwidth of 600 MHz (5.56–6.16) GHz, which underscores its adaptability across a wide range of frequencies within the specified band. Furthermore, it elaborates the axial ratio bandwidth which extends over 130 MHz (5.77–5.90) GHz, showing the antenna’s ability to maintain circular polarization characteristics over a significant frequency range with a gain of 8.87 dB. The experimental and simulation results confirmed a remarkable radiation efficiency of 95.62%, showing its superior effectiveness compared to any existing single-layer microstrip antenna. © 2025 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Slot antennas

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Security to text (S2T): multi-layered based security approaches for secret text content

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第15期84卷 15151-15171页

作者： Kashid, Shamal Awasthi, Lalit K. Berwal, Krishan Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Uttarakhand IN Srinagar India Faculty of Communication Engineering Military College of Telecommunication Engineering IN Mhow India

In the digital world, text data is produced in an unstructured manner across various communication channels. Extracting valuable information from such data with security is crucial and requires the development of techniques in text mining, information retrieval, and natural language processing (NLP). To solve this issue, we introduce two novel approaches: keyword extraction (KE) and a multi-layered secret sharing scheme (MLSS) to provide security to extracted keywords rather than overall text documents. The KE approach encompasses a sequence of text pre-processing procedures, including tokenization, stopword removal, stemming, and bag of words representation, followed by indexing. This methodology aims to efficiently extract keywords from text datasets. For this research work, we have proposed three datasets, including text messages, whatsapp messages, and electronic mail. MLSS enhances the security of extracted textual data by leveraging text pre-processing steps. This scheme ensures better confidentiality and the non-revealment of sensitive information. Additionally, we evaluate our KE model on our dataset as well as on standard datasets. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed security to text (S2T) model, which outperform existing state-of-the-art approaches. The model obtains a 100% correlation between the reconstructed text and the original text. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Extraction

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Continuous word level sign language recognition using an expert system based on machine learning

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International Journal of Cognitive Computing in engineering 2023年第1期4卷 170-178页

作者： Sreemathy, R. Turuk, M.P. Chaudhary, S. Lavate, K. Ushire, A. Khurana, S. Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Pune Institute of Computer Technology Pune India

The study of sign language recognition systems has been extensively explored using many image processing and artificial intelligence techniques for many years, but the main challenge is to bridge the communication gap between specially-abled people and the general public. This paper proposes a python-based system that classifies 80 words from sign language. Two different models have been proposed in this work: You Only Look Once version 4 (YOLOv4) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with media-pipe. SVM utilizes the linear, polynomial and Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernels. The system does not need any additional pre-processing and image enhancement operations. The image dataset used in this work is self-created and consists of 80 static signs with a total of 676 images. The accuracy of SVM with media-pipe is 98.62% and the accuracy of YOLOv4 obtained is 98.8% which is higher than the existing state-of-the-art methods. An expert system is also proposed which utilizes both the above models to predict the hand gesture more accurately in real-time. © 2023

关键词： Support vector machines

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SPRA: Scalable policy-based regulatory architecture for blockchain transactions

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2023年第4期3卷 265-282页

作者： Yu, Chuntang Zhan, Yongzhao Jing, Pujie Song, Xiangmei School of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering Jiangsu University Jiangsu Zhenjiang China

Implementing effective regulation of blockchain transactions has become a research hotspot in recent years. However, most of the current regulatory schemes are customized for specific blockchain applications and lack versatility and scalability. Meanwhile, these schemes cannot guarantee fairness due to the non-disclosure of regulatory policies and regulatory processes. To address these issues, a scalable policy-based regulatory architecture (SPRA) is proposed for blockchain transactions that separates regulation and application to provide sufficient scalability. SPRA is a four-layer model (permission layer, regulation layer, bridge layer, and business layer). A regulatory policy description language (XRPL) is designed to define the regulatory rules and specifications for interoperability between the layers. A decentralized jury mechanism (JuryBC) based on the Shamir threshold secret sharing algorithm and Pedersen commitment is proposed at the regulation layer to avoid regulatory arbitrariness and unfairness. We also construct a secure and efficient regulatory data sharing scheme (RDShare) at the business layer using an attribute-based encryption algorithm. The key parameters in both JuryBC and RDShare can be specified in the regulatory policy to suit different application scenarios. Finally, the security of the architecture is analyzed and the feasibility and scalability of the architecture through simulation experiments are demonstrated. © 2023 The Authors. IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Blockchain

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Transformer-Based Person Re-Identification: A Comprehensive Review

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年第7期9卷 1-19页

作者： Sarker, Prodip Kumar Zhao, Qingjie Uddin, Md. Kamal School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China Department of Computer Science and Telecommunication Engineering Noakhali Science and Technology University Bangladesh

In the evolving landscape of surveillance and security applications, the task of person re-identification(re-ID) has significant importance, but also presents notable difficulties. This task entails the process of accurately matching and identifying persons across several camera views that do not overlap with one another. This is of utmost importance to video surveillance, public safety, and person-tracking applications. However, vision-related difficulties, such as variations in appearance, occlusions, viewpoint changes, cloth changes, scalability, limited robustness to environmental factors, and lack of generalizations, still hinder the development of reliable person re-ID methods. There are few approaches have been developed based on these difficulties relied on traditional deep-learning techniques. Nevertheless, recent advancements of transformer-based methods, have gained widespread adoption in various domains owing to their unique architectural properties. Recently, few transformer-based person re-ID methods have developed based on these difficulties and achieved good results. To develop reliable solutions for person re-ID, a comprehensive analysis of transformer-based methods is necessary. However, there are few studies that consider transformer-based techniques for further investigation. This review proposes recent literature on transformer-based approaches, examining their effectiveness, advantages, and potential challenges. This review is the first of its kind to provide insights into the revolutionary transformer-based methodologies used to tackle many obstacles in person re-ID, providing a forward-thinking outlook on current research and potentially guiding the creation of viable applications in real-world scenarios. The main objective is to provide a useful resource for academics and practitioners engaged in person re-ID. IEEE

关键词： Cameras

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