Robot-assisted surgical procedures are perpetually evolving due to potential improvement in patient treatment and healthcare cost reduction. Integration of an imaging modality intraoperatively further strengthens thes...
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Robot-assisted surgical procedures are perpetually evolving due to potential improvement in patient treatment and healthcare cost reduction. Integration of an imaging modality intraoperatively further strengthens these procedures by incorporating the information pertaining to the area of intervention. Such information needs to be effectively rendered to the operator as a human-in-the-loop requirement. In this work, we propose a guidance approach that uses real-time MRI to assist the operator in performing robot-assisted procedure in a beating heart. Specifically, this approach provides both real-time visualization and force-feedback based guidance for maneuvering an interventional tool safely inside the dynamic environment of a heart's left ventricle. Experimental evaluation of the functionality of this approach was tested on a simulated scenario of transapical aortic valve replacement and it demonstrated improvement in control and manipulation by providing effective and accurate assistance to the operator in real-time.
Interactions between proteins and small-molecule chemicals modulate many protein functions and biological processes, and identifying these interactions is a crucial step in modern drug discovery. Supervised learning m...
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Co-registering pre- and intra- operative MR data is an important yet challenging problem due to different acquisition parameters, resolutions, and plane orientations. Despite its importance, previous approaches are of...
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Co-registering pre- and intra- operative MR data is an important yet challenging problem due to different acquisition parameters, resolutions, and plane orientations. Despite its importance, previous approaches are often computationally intensive and thus cannot be employed in real-time. In this paper, a novel three-step approach is proposed to dynamically register pre-operative 4D MR data with intra-operative 2D RT-MRI to guide intracardiac procedures. Specifically, a novel preparatory step, executed in the pre-operative phase, is introduced to generate bridging information that can be used to significantly speed up the on-the-fly registration in the intraoperative procedure. Our experimental results demonstrate an accuracy of 0.42 mm and a processing speed of 26 FPS of the proposed approach on an off-the-shelf PC. This approach, is in particularly developed for performing intra-cardiac procedures with real-time MR guidance.
Medical ultrasound is a challenging modality when it comes to image interpretation. The goal we address in this work is to assist the ultrasound examiner and partially alleviate the burden of interpretation. We propos...
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Robotic manipulators offer some unique opportunities to address research and clinical needs. Among those is the potential use of a robotic manipulator to mechanically scan the tissue of interest with biosensors that h...
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Robotic manipulators offer some unique opportunities to address research and clinical needs. Among those is the potential use of a robotic manipulator to mechanically scan the tissue of interest with biosensors that have limited tissue penetration. In such cases, the robot can serve a dual role. First, it can perform spatial scanning with the biosensor along a pre-selected path inside the tissue. Second, it can function as the mechanical link to spatially co-register the data collected with the biosensor and the images of a guidance modality. Herein, we describe a robotic system to mechanically scan with a light-induced fluorescence (LIF) sensor and co-register LIF data to the guiding modality of MRI. Specifically, a custom-built MR-compatible endoscope was integrated onto the end-effector of an MR-compatible manipulator to collect MRI-guided LIF 1D scans. A miniature radiofrequency (RF) coil attached onto the end-effector was used as a fiducial marker for co-registering LIF and MRI. This mechanically scanning system was investigated on two compartment phantoms, each with different optical agents. Those studies demonstrated “robot-assisted” multi-modality co-registration, i.e. the spatial distribution of the LIF signals matched with the MR guiding images. The system can incorporate additional sensors for collecting complementary biochemical information.
This article describes the use of learning design to contextualise learning resources in a repository through the use of pre-defined templates. We advocate a close connection between a resource and its pattern of use ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9789898565068
This article describes the use of learning design to contextualise learning resources in a repository through the use of pre-defined templates. We advocate a close connection between a resource and its pattern of use in order to improve learning objects reuse. Moreover, we present the rationale for adopting and using learning design templates in the TREE repository.
Most of existing crowd simulation algorithms focus on the moving trajectories of individual agents, while collective group formations are often roughly learned from video examples or manually specified via various har...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781450306935
Most of existing crowd simulation algorithms focus on the moving trajectories of individual agents, while collective group formations are often roughly learned from video examples or manually specified via various hard constraints (e.g., pre-defined keyframes of exact agent distributions). In this paper, we present an intuitive yet efficient approach to generate arbitrary and precise group formations by sketching formation boundaries. Our approach can automatically compute the desired position of each agent in the target formation and generate the agent correspondences between keyframes. When high-level group formations need to be formed on-the-fly in a dynamic environment such as "switching to the circle formation at about one hundred meters ahead", our algorithm will coordinate and compute appropriate actions for each agent by seamlessly fusing local formation dynamics and global group locomotion. Through a number of experiments, we demonstrate that our approach is efficient and adaptive to variations of group scales (i.e., number of agents), group positions, and environment obstacles. Copyright held by authors.
Low quality and small size of X-ray images causes difficulties for doctors to diagnose comprehensively. This paper presents a panorama system for x-ray medical images with low quality and small size based on SURF. The...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780889868663
Low quality and small size of X-ray images causes difficulties for doctors to diagnose comprehensively. This paper presents a panorama system for x-ray medical images with low quality and small size based on SURF. The main steps of this system are: first to enhance the low quality images by MSR;secondly, to match separated images by SURF;lastly to blend the images by multi-band blending method. Experiments showed that the presented system can not only enhance the contrast and clearness of the medical image with low quality but also observe it synthetically.
Stereo matching algorithms and multi camera reconstruction algorithms are usually compared using benchmarks. These benchmarks compare the quality of the resulting depth map or reconstructed surface mesh. We describe t...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783939897293
Stereo matching algorithms and multi camera reconstruction algorithms are usually compared using benchmarks. These benchmarks compare the quality of the resulting depth map or reconstructed surface mesh. We describe the differences between several known stereo and multi-view stereo benchmarks and their various datasets. Also the modifications that are necessary to use our own GPU based multi camera stereo matching algorithm with the data from these benchmarks are discussed.
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