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arXiv 2024年

作者： Davis, Joshua H. Sivaraman, Pranav Kitson, Joy Parasyris, Konstantinos Menon, Harshitha Minn, Isaac Georgakoudis, Giorgis Bhatele, Abhinav Department of Computer Science University of Maryland United States Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory United States

Portability is critical to ensuring high productivity in developing and maintaining scientific software as the diversity in on-node hardware architectures increases. While several programming models provide portability for diverse GPU platforms, they don’t make any guarantees about performance portability. In this work, we explore several programming models – CUDA, HIP, Kokkos, RAJA, OpenMP, OpenACC, and SYCL, to study if the performance of these models is consistently good across NVIDIA and AMD GPUs. We use five proxy applications from different scientific domains, create implementations where missing, and use them to present a comprehensive comparative evaluation of the programming models. We provide a Spack scripting-based methodology to ensure reproducibility of experiments conducted in this work. Finally, we attempt to answer the question – to what extent does each programming model provide performance portability for heterogeneous systems in real-world usage? Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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A Communication-Induced Checkpointing Algorithm for Consistent-Transaction in Distributed Database Systems 1

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8th International Symposium on Security in Computing and Communications, SSCC 2020

作者： Mansouri, Houssem Pathan, Al-Sakib Khan Laboratory of Networks and Distributed Systems Computer Science Department Faculty of Sciences Ferhat Abbas Setif University 1 Setif Algeria Department of Computer Science and Engineering Independent University Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9789811604225

ISBN: (纸本)9789811604218

For better protection of distributed systems, two well-known techniques are: checkpointing and rollback recovery. While failure protection is often considered a separate issue, it is crucial for establishing better secure distributed systems. This article is dedicated to the proposal of a new checkpointing algorithm for saving a consistent-transaction state in distributed databases ensuring that database management systems are able, after a failure, to recover the state of the database. The proposed communication-induced algorithm does not hamper the normal transaction processing and saves a global consistent-transaction state that records only the fully completed transactions. Analysis and experimental results of our proposal show that the proposed scheme saves a minimum number of forced checkpoints and has some performance gains compared to the alternative approaches. © 2021, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Distributed database systems

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Firecast Zigzag Convolutional Network for Wildfire Prediction

Firecast Zigzag Convolutional Network for Wildfire Predictio...

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IEEE International Conference on Big Data

作者： Yuzhou Chen Joel Chacon Castillo Huikyo Lee Yulia R. Gel Department of Statistics University of California Riverside Department of Computer Science Center for Research in Mathematics Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Department of Statistics Virginia Tech National Science Foundation

ISBN: (数字)9798350362480

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362497

Each year wildfires result in billions of dollars in property damage. Being one of the major natural hazards, wildfires nowadays are also a global affair whose negative impact is particularly devastating in developing countries. As wildfires are expected to become more frequent and severe, more accurate models to predict wildfires are vital to mitigating risks and developing more informed decision-making. Artificial intelligence (AI) has a potential to enhance wildfire risk analytics on multiple fronts. For example, deep learning (DL) has been successfully used to classify active fires, burned scars, smoke plumes and to track the spread of active wildfires. Since wildfire spread tends to exhibit highly complex spatio-temporal dependencies which often cannot be accurately described with conventional Euclideanbased approaches, we postulate that the tools of topological and geometric deep learning, specifically designed for non-Euclidean objects such as manifolds and graphs, may offer a more competitive solution. We validate the proposed methodology to predict wildfire occurrences in Greece and several regions of Africa. Our results indicate that the Firecast Zigzag Convolutional Network (F-ZCN) outperforms the current baseline methods for wildfire prediction and opens a path for more accurate wildfire risk analytics, even in scenarios of limited and noisy data records.

关键词： Deep learning Manifolds Wildfires Accuracy Predictive models Developing countries Hazards Convolutional neural networks Noise measurement Artificial intelligence

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Study on the Effectiveness of New Development Methods in Software Engineering Based on Experiments with AB Testing 24

Study on the Effectiveness of New Development Methods in Sof...

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9th International Conference on Cyber Security and Information Engineering, ICCSIE 2024

作者： Chen, Lei Zhang, Difeng Li, Simu School of Computer Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology China Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robot Wuhan Institution of Technology China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology China Economic and Business Department College of Post and Telecommunication of Wuhan Institute of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400718137

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an emerging software engineering development method through AB testing experiments. As a commonly used online experimental method, AB testing is used to compare the performance of two or more solutions. It has been widely used in the software development process to optimize user experience and function implementation. This study proposes a new development framework that combines AB testing and software testing, which quantifies the impact of different development strategies on software quality by constructing a correlation matrix. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, this paper designed a series of experiments and implemented AB testing in multiple software projects. Experimental results show that by accurately adjusting the variable combinations in AB testing, software stability and user satisfaction can be significantly improved. In addition, this paper also develops a set of computer algorithm models to simulate different development scenarios and predict the potential benefits of new development methods through simulation technology. Through the analysis of simulation results, this article found that projects using new development methods have improved in key performance indicators, especially in shortening development cycles and reducing defect rates. The development method that combines AB testing and software testing not only improves the quality of software products, but also enhances the flexibility and response speed of the development process. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Software quality

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Exploring Regional Clues in CLIP for Zero-Shot Semantic Segmentation

Exploring Regional Clues in CLIP for Zero-Shot Semantic Segm...

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Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Yi Zhang Meng-Hao Guo Miao Wang Shi-Min Hu State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems SCSE Beihang University Department of Computer Science and Technology BNRist Tsinghua University

ISBN: (数字)9798350353006

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353013

CLIP has demonstrated marked progress in visual recognition due to its powerful pre-training on large-scale image-text pairs. However, it still remains a critical challenge: how to transfer image-level knowledge into pixel-level understanding tasks such as semantic segmentation. In this paper, to solve the mentioned challenge, we analyze the gap between the capability of the CLIP model and the requirement of the zero-shot semantic segmentation task. Based on our analysis and observations, we propose a novel method for zero-shot semantic segmentation, dubbed CLIP-RC (CLIP with Regional Clues), bringing two main insights. On the one hand, a region-level bridge is necessary to provide fine-grained semantics. On the other hand, over-fitting should be mitigated during the training stage. Benefiting from the above discoveries, CLIP-RC achieves state-of-the-art performance on various zero-shot semantic segmentation benchmarks, including PASCAL VOC, PASCAL Context, and COCO-Stuff 164K. Code will be available at https://***/Jittor/JSeg.

关键词： Training Bridges Visualization computer vision Image recognition Codes Semantic segmentation

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Navigating Data Imbalances in Credit Risk Management: A One-Sided Selection Approach

Navigating Data Imbalances in Credit Risk Management: A One-...

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Control Instrumentation System Conference (CISCON)

作者： Shashank J Bennehalli Sharan Vakkund Anusha Hegde H Biswajit Bhowmik Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar AIT Lab BRICS Laboratory National Institute of Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangalore Bharat

ISBN: (数字)9798350375480

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375497

Credit scoring plays a vital role in mitigating the information asymmetry that is pervasive on platforms for peer-to-peer (P2P) lending. A considerable challenge stems from the disparity in loan repayment outcomes: a significant minority of loan applicants defaulting on their loans, while the majority fulfilling their repayment obligations. The presence of imbalance in the dataset has the potential to incorporate bias into predictive model, which could lower its performance. In order to address this issue, data balancing techniques are often employed to enhance the performance of credit scoring models through the generation of datasets that are more balanced. This work constructs a robust credit scoring model capable of precisely assessing the creditworthiness of individuals seeking P2P lending. Four distinct classifiers - Logistic Regression, Random Forest, LightGBM, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are employed. In doing so, it effectively mitigates the distortions that can result from unbalanced data distributions. This work achieves data balance with One-Sided Selection methodology along with Information gain and Pearson correlation which mainly determine the features to include. The proposed model thus works on both balanced and unbalanced datasets. Experimental results show that the standard metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score achieves upto 90.41%, 89.51%, 90.40%, and 89.96%, respectively.

关键词： Support vector machines Measurement Analytical models Correlation Accuracy Predictive models Data models Peer-to-peer computing Standards Random forests

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USee: Ultrasound-Based Device-Free Eye Movement Sensing

USee: Ultrasound-Based Device-Free Eye Movement Sensing

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IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks (SECON)

作者： Wen Cheng Mingzhi Pang Haoran Wan Shichen Dong Dongxu Liu Wei Wang State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjina China Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331519186

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519193

Eye movements play a significant role in human-computer interaction and are widely recognized as an essential health indicator, making their detection both appealing and technically challenging. In this paper, we present a system named USEE that achieves high-precision capture of weak and aperiodic eye movements by utilizing fine-grained and ubiquitous ultrasound signals, capturing both blinking and more subtle saccades. We first identify signal changes associated with eye movements by capturing the unique impact of blinking. Further, we establish a pioneering relationship between the residuals from signal decomposition and subtle eye movements. Utilizing inno-vative signal processing architectures, we mitigate interference and effectively extract eye movement features. Subsequently, we employ one-dimensional convolutional operations in place of signal cross-correlation, designing filters for motion category identification and a lightweight convolutional neural network for saccade direction classification. This enables our system to serve as a foundational sensing layer for eye movement tracking, applicable across diverse applications. We implement USEE on both a research-purpose platform and a commodity Raspberry Pi. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our system, achieving 91% accuracy in saccade recognition and 94% in blink detection. The system proves robust, even in challenging scenarios with strong interference, such as the presence of moving pedestrians.

关键词： Human computer interaction Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Ultrasonic imaging Tracking Interference Feature extraction Transceivers Sensors Signal resolution

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Automatic Cutting and Flattening of Carotid Artery Geometries

Automatic Cutting and Flattening of Carotid Artery Geometrie...

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2021 Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine, VCBM 2021

作者： Eulzer, P. Richter, K. Meuschke, M. Hundertmark, A. Lawonn, K. University of Jena Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Germany University of Koblenz-Landau Institute for Mathematics Germany University of Magdeburg Department of Simulation and Graphics Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783038681403

We propose a novel method to cut and flatten vascular geometry that results in an intuitive mapping between the 3D and 2D domains. Our approach is fully automatic, and the sole input is the vessel geometry. We aim to simplify parameter analysis on vessel walls for research on vascular disease and computational hemodynamics. We present a use case for the flattening to aid efforts in investigating the pathophysiology of carotid stenoses (vessel constrictions that are a root cause of stroke). To achieve an intuitive mapping, we introduce the notion of natural vessel cuts. They remain on one side of vessel branches, meaning they adhere to the longitudinal direction and thus result in a comprehensible unfolding of the geometry. Vessel branches and endpoints are automatically detected, and a 2D layout configuration is found that retains the original branch layout. We employ a quasi-isometric surface parameterization to map the geometry to the 2D domain as a single patch. The flattened depiction resolves the need for tedious 3D interaction as the whole surface is visible at once. We found this overview particularly beneficial for exploring temporally resolved parameters. © 2021 The Author(s) Eurographics Proceedings © 2021 The Eurographics Association.

关键词： Geometry

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Joint Covert and Secure Communication for SWIPT-Assisted CNOMA Systems

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 20406-20419页

作者： Huang, Gaojian Lei, Yuxin Li, Xingwang Khan, Wali Ullah Wang, Gongpu Nallanathan, Arumugam Henan Polytechnic University School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering Photoelectric Detection and Sensing Integrated Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province Jiaozuo454003 China City University of Macau Faculty of Data Science China Henan Polytechnic University School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Jiaozuo454003 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China University of Luxembourg Interdisciplinary Center for Security Reliability and Trust Luxembourg City1855 Luxembourg Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing100044 China Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Kyung Hee University Department of Electronic Engineering Yongin17104 Korea Republic of

With the rapid advancement of physical-layer security technology, the covert and secure communication has become crucial in safeguarding wireless communication systems. In this article, we propose a joint covert and secure transmission scheme for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) assisted cooperative nonorthogonal multiple access (CNOMA) systems. In the CNOMA system, a greedy relay transmits the confidential information to the far user (Carol), with the assistance of the near user (Bob). Meanwhile, as a SWIPT node, Bob is self-sustained by harvesting energy from relay. What is more, a warden (Alice) and noncolluding eavesdroppers (Eves) always attempt to detect and capture the confidential information, respectively. To counteract the attacks from Alice and Eves, a jamming-assisted scheme is employed. For the proposed system model, we derive closed-form expressions for the detection error probability (DEP) and the average minimum detection error probability (AMDEP) of Alice. Additionally, closed-form expressions for the outage probability (OP) of users and the intercept probability (IP) of Eves are obtained. Furthermore, to maximize the effective covert rate (ECR) of Carol, an optimization problem is formulated, subject to covertness and security constraints. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the impact of the system parameters on covert and secure performance, with the results showing perfect agreement with the theoretical analysis. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Inductive power transmission

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Building networks of shared research interests by embedding words into a representation space

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Poon, Art F.Y. Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Western University London Canada Department of Microbiology & Immunology Western University London Canada Department of Computer Science Western University London Canada

departments within a university are not only administrative units, but also an effort to gather investigators around common fields of academic study. A pervasive challenge is connecting members with shared research interests both within and between departments. Here I describe a workflow that adapts methods from natural language processing to generate a network connecting n = 79 members of a university department, or multiple departments within a faculty (n = 278), based on common topics in their research publications. After extracting and processing terms from n = 16,901 abstracts in the PubMed database, the co-occurrence of terms is encoded in a sparse document-term matrix. Based on the angular distances between the presence-absence vectors for every pair of terms, I use the uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) method to embed the terms into a representational space such that terms that tend to appear in the same documents are closer together. Each author’s corpus defines a probability distribution over terms in this space. Using the Wasserstein distance to quantify the similarity between these distributions, I generate a distance matrix among authors that can be analyzed and visualized as a graph. I demonstrate that this nonparametric method produces clusters with distinct themes that are consistent with some academic divisions, while identifying untapped connections among members. A documented workflow comprising Python and R scripts is available under the MIT license at https://***/PoonLab/tragula. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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