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21st Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking, SECON 2024

作者： Cheng, Wen Pang, Mingzhi Wan, Haoran Dong, Shichen Liu, Dongxu Wang, Wei State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519186

Eye movements play a significant role in human-computer interaction and are widely recognized as an essential health indicator, making their detection both appealing and technically challenging. In this paper, we present a system named USEE that achieves high-precision capture of weak and aperiodic eye movements by utilizing fine-grained and ubiquitous ultrasound signals, capturing both blinking and more subtle saccades. We first identify signal changes associated with eye movements by capturing the unique impact of blinking. Further, we establish a pioneering relationship between the residuals from signal decomposition and subtle eye movements. Utilizing innovative signal processing architectures, we mitigate interference and effectively extract eye movement features. Subsequently, we employ one-dimensional convolutional operations in place of signal cross-correlation, designing filters for motion category identification and a lightweight convolutional neural network for saccade direction classification. This enables our system to serve as a foundational sensing layer for eye movement tracking, applicable across diverse applications. We implement USEE on both a research-purpose platform and a commodity Raspberry Pi. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our system, achieving 91% accuracy in saccade recognition and 94% in blink detection. The system proves robust, even in challenging scenarios with strong interference, such as the presence of moving pedestrians. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Motion sensors

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LAMB: Label-Induced Mixed-Level Blending for Multimodal Multi-label Emotion Detection 19th

LAMB: Label-Induced Mixed-Level Blending for Multimodal Mul...

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19th EAI International Conference on Collaborative Computing: Networking, Applications and Worksharing, CollaborateCom 2023

作者： Qian, Shuwei Guo, Ming Fan, Zhicheng Chen, Mingcai Wang, Chongjun State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031545276

To better understand complex human emotions, there is growing interest in utilizing heterogeneous sensory data to detect multiple co-occurring emotions. However, existing studies have focused on extracting static information from each modality, while overlooking various interactions within and between modalities. Additionally, the label-to-modality and label-to-label dependencies still lack exploration. In this paper, we propose LAbel-induced Mixed-level Blending (LAMB) to address these challenges. Mixed-level blending leverages shallow but manifold self-attention and cross-attention encoders in parallel to model unimodal context dependency and cross-modal interaction simultaneously. This is in contrast to previous works either use one of them or cascade them successively, which ignores the diversity of interaction in multimodal data. LAMB also employs label-induced aggregation to allow different labels to attend to the most relevant blended tokens adaptively using a transformer-based decoder, which facilitates the exploration of label-to-modality dependency. Unlike common low-order strategies in multi-label learning, correlations among multiple labels can be learned by self-attention in label embedding space before being treated as queries. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods for multimodal multi-label emotion detection. © ICST Institute for computer sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2024.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Photo-Aligned Azo-Dye Thin-Film Polarizers

Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Photo-Aligned...

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International Conference on Display Technology, 2024

作者： Cheng, Yue-Chu Tseng, Man-Chun Ho, Yeuk-Lung Vashchenko, Olena Vashchenko, Valerii Tang, Shu-Tuen Yeung, Sze-Yan Kwok, Hoi-Sing State Key Laboratory of Advanced Displays and Optoelectronics Technologies Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

This study presents the characterization and performance evaluation of photo-aligned azo-dye thin-film polarizers, highlighting their ultra-thin profiles and superior optical functionalities. Utilizing cost-effective solution-processing methods, these high-efficiency polarizers were developed, with the research pinpointing optimal experimental conditions for peak performance. © 2024 John Wiley and Sons Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Azo dyes

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MAVAR-SE: Multi-scale Audio-Visual Association Representation Network for End-to-End Speaker Extraction 1

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30th International Conference on MultiMedia Modeling, MMM 2024

作者： Yu, Shilong Yang, Chenhui Department of Computer Science and Technology Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen361000 China Intelligent Laboratory Xiamen University Fujian Xiamen361000 China

ISBN: (数字)9783031533082

ISBN: (纸本)9783031533075

Speaker extraction to separate the target speech from the mixed audio is a problem worth studying in the speech separation field. Since human pronunciation is closely related to lip motions and facial expressions during speaking, this paper focuses on lip motions and their relationship to pronunciation and proposes a multi-scale audio-visual association representation network for end-to-end speaker extraction (MAVAR-SE). Moreover, multi-scale feature extraction and jump connection are used to solve the problem of information loss due to the lack of memory ability of convolution. This method is not limited by the number of speakers in the mixed speech and does not require prior knowledge such as speech features of related speakers, to realize speaker-independent multi-modal time domain speaker extraction. Compared with other recent methods on VoxCeleb2 and LRS2 data sets, the proposed method shows better results and robustness. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Extraction

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Adaptive Granulation for Efficient Classification on Noise Labeled Images 9

Adaptive Granulation for Efficient Classification on Noise L...

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9th IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Applications, ICCIA 2024

作者： Cai, Kecan Zhang, Hongyun Miao, Duoqian Tongji University Department of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352214

Current semi-supervised learning-based sample selection methods for noisy label image classification typically utilize all clean and noisy samples for model training. However, not all noisy samples contribute positively to model training. This paper introduces a novel semi-supervised image data granulation method that employs adaptively generated granular noisy sample subsets in place of the original noisy samples to enhance classification efficiency. The granular data generated retain the essential features of the original data, thereby improving efficiency without compromising classification accuracy. The quality of the granular data is assessed using coverage and specificity criteria, standard metrics for evaluating information granules. The proposed method consists of three main components: (i)selecting clean and noisy samples through network co-training, (ii)calculating granular noisy sample subsets by adaptive granulation, and (iii)optimizing the network model using a semi-supervised strategy. Experimental results on benchmark datasets with varying noise rates demonstrate that our method significantly improves the efficiency of noisy label image classification while maintaining accuracy. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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A microfluidic biosensor for the diagnosis ofchronic wasting disease

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 263-279页

作者： Sura A.Muhsin Amjed Abdullah Estela kobashigawa Muthana Al-Amidie Sherri Russell Michael Z.Zhang Shuping Zhang Mahmoud Almasri University of Missouri–Columbia Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceColumbiaMOUSA University of Missouri–Columbia College of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Medical Diagnostic LaboratoryColumbiaMOUSA Missouri Department of Conservation ColumbiaMOUSA

Cervids are affected by a neurologic disease that is always fatal to individuals and has population effects. This disease iscalled chronic wasting disease (CWD) and is caused by a misfolded prion protein. The disease is transmitted viacontact with contaminated body fluids and tissue or exposure to the environment, such as drinking water or *** CWD diagnosis depends on ELISA screening of cervid lymph nodes and subsequent immunohistochemistry(IHC) confirmation of ELISA-positive results. The disease has proven to be difficult to control in part because ofsensitivity and specificity issues with the current test regimen. We have investigated an accurate, rapid, and low-costmicrofluidic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) biosensing device for the detection of CWD pathologic prions inretropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs), which is the current standard type of CWD diagnostic sample. The deviceconsists of three novel regions for concentrating, trapping, and detecting the prion. The detection region includes anarray of electrodes coated with a monoclonal antibody against pathologic prions. The experimental conditions wereoptimized using an engineered prion control antigen. Testing could be completed in less than 1 hour with highsensitivity and selectivity. The biosensor detected the engineered prion antigen at a 1:24 dilution, while ELISA detectedthe same antigen at a 1:8 dilution. The relative limit of detection (rLOD) of the biosensor was a 1:1000 dilution of aknown strong positive RLN sample, whereas ELISA showed a rLOD of 1:100 dilution. Thus, the biosensor was 10 timesmore sensitive than ELISA, which is the currently approved CWD diagnostic test. The biosensor’s specificity andselectivity were confirmed using known negative RPLN samples, a negative control antibody (monoclonal antibodyagainst bovine coronavirus BCV), and two negative control antigens (bluetongue virus and Epizootic hemorrhagicdisease virus). The biosensor’s ability to detect pathogenic prions was

关键词： fir diagnosis specificity

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OSAP‐Loss:Efficient optimization of average precision via involving samples after positive ones towards remote sensing image retrieval

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第4期8卷 1191-1212页

作者： Xin Yuan Xin Xu Xiao Wang Kai Zhang Liang Liao Zheng Wang Chia‐Wen Lin School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real‐time Industrial System Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Nanyang Technological University SingaporeSingapore School of Computer Science Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Electrical Engineering Industrial Technology Research InstituteNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuChina

In existing remote sensing image retrieval(RSIR)datasets,the number of images among different classes varies dramatically,which leads to a severe class imbalance *** studies propose to train the model with the ranking‐based metric(e.g.,average precision[AP]),because AP is robust to class ***,current AP‐based methods overlook an important issue:only optimising samples ranking before each positive sample,which is limited by the definition of AP and is prone to local *** achieve global optimisation of AP,a novel method,namely Optimising Samples after positive ones&AP loss(OSAP‐Loss)is proposed in this ***,a novel superior ranking function is designed to make the AP loss differentiable while providing a tighter upper ***,a novel loss called Optimising Samples after Positive ones(OSP)loss is proposed to involve all positive and negative samples ranking after each positive one and to provide a more flexible optimisation strategy for each ***,a graphics processing unit memory‐free mechanism is developed to thoroughly address the non‐decomposability of AP *** experimental results on RSIR as well as conventional image retrieval datasets show the superiority and competitive performance of OSAP‐Loss compared to the state‐of‐the‐art.

关键词： computer vision image retrieval metric learning

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Impact of Lithium as Interfacial Treatment for CZTSSe Solar Cells 52

Impact of Lithium as Interfacial Treatment for CZTSSe Solar ...

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52nd IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference, PVSC 2024

作者： Simya, O.K. Anefnaf, Ikram Punathil, Prabeesh Artegiani, Elisa Torabi, Narges Mukhtar, Mariyam Romeo, Alessandro University of Verona LAPS-Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Solid-State Physics Department of Computer Science Strada Le Grazie 15 Verona37134 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464260

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe), despite its slow progress in terms of efficiency, stands out as a viable option for solar cell absorber materials due to its comparatively low-cost fabrication process, and abundance of constituent elements. The efficiency of CZTSSe faces challenges, particularly a notable Voc deficit arising from its non-stoichiometric nature and interface recombination between CZTSSe and the buffer layer, thus deteriorating the performance of the device. Lithium doping has been known to be effective in tuning the band gap and modifying grain boundaries, enhancing device performance. It is essential to identify a direct and efficient method to address the challenges associated with significant lithium losses in in-situ doping processes. Herein, we demonstrate an effective approach to significantly increase the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and efficiency of the device via a simple impurity inclusion process: the surface of the precursor film is treated with chlorine-based compounds containing Li and Ge. This modification results in an efficiency of up to 7.2 %, with a significant improvement in Voc, indicating that the use of Ge and Li is a viable means of increasing efficiency by reducing defect density. The structural modifications are addressed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Current-voltage, capacitance-voltage and drive-level capacitance profiling are used to analyze the performance and defect density of the finished devices. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Speed Harmonic based Saturation Free Inductance Modeling and Estimation of Interior PMSM Using Measurements Under One Load Condition

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2025年第1期9卷 91-99页

作者： Guodong Feng Yuting Lu Zhe Tong Beichen Ding Guishan Yan Chunyan Lai the School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhenChina the School of Advanced Manufacturing Sun Yat-sen University the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Concordia UniversityQCCanada

For permanent magnet synchronous machines(PMSMs),accurate inductance is critical for control design and condition *** to magnetic saturation,existing methods require nonlinear saturation model and measurements from multiple load/current conditions,and the estimation is relying on the accuracy of saturation model and other machine parameters in the *** harmonic produced by harmonic currents is inductance-dependent,and thus this paper explores the use of magnitude and phase angle of the speed harmonic for accurate inductance *** estimation models are built based on either the magnitude or phase angle,and the inductances can be from d-axis voltage and the magnitude or phase angle,in which the filter influence in harmonic extraction is considered to ensure the estimation *** inductances can be estimated from the measurements under one load condition,which is free of saturation ***,the inductance estimation is robust to the change of other machine *** proposed approach can effectively improve estimation accuracy especially under the condition with low current *** and comparisons are conducted on a test PMSM to validate the proposed approach.

关键词： PMSM Inductance estimation Speed harmonic High frequency signal injection

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Emergence, Evolution, and Applications of Cyber-Physical Systems in Smart Society 4

Emergence, Evolution, and Applications of Cyber-Physical Sys...

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4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies, ICAECT 2024

作者： Kumar, Sunil Bhowmik, Biswajit National Institute of Technology Karnataka Maharshi Patanjali Cps Lab Brics Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Engineering Surathkal Mangalore575025 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343670

With rapid technological advancement, cyber-physical systems (CPS) become an emerging era of engineered systems based on computing, networking, and control technologies that revolutionize human lives. New and smart CPS drives innovation and competition in industrial automation, transportation, healthcare applications, etc. Therefore, it is essential to explore the area. The paper presents the emergence of CPS. It includes CPS's evolution, its necessity, and its importance. Then, we explore the diverse applications of CPS in a smart society. Next, we explore various challenges and recent state-of-the-art to overcome these challenges. CPS connects strongly to the currently prevalent terms Internet of Things, the Industrial Internet, Industry 4.0, and Internet of Everything. All of these illustrate a technology that fundamentally connects the physical and digital worlds. CPS is more foundational and durable than all of these. Thus, the work presented here provides a view of substantial social consequences, making its trend progressive. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： CPS Application CPS Challenges and Research Dimensions CPS Classification CPS Emergence Cyber-Physical Systems

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