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International Conference on computer graphics and Interactive Techniques, SIGGRAPH 2002

作者： Badler, Norman I. Magenat-Thalmann, Nadia McCulloch, Laurie Hirsch, Evan Marc Lopiccolo, Phil University of Pennsylvania United States MIRAlab University of Geneva Switzerland Digital Animation Group Italy Electronic Arts Italy Computer Graphics World Italy

ISBN: (纸本)1581135254

computer graphics technology has progressed to the point where it is possible to create digital humans that are virtually indistinguishable from the real items. The potential benefits are immense, but there are implications to consider as well, in a range of applications that includes film, video, the Web, and gaming. This panel of experts from diverse disciplines of computer graphics will discuss how far we have come in the use of digital humans, where they are heading, and what they will mean to us.

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Recursive estimation for CAD model recovery

Recursive estimation for CAD model recovery

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Proceedings of the CAD-Based Vision Workshop

作者： A.J. Azarbayejani T. Galyean B. Horowitz A. Pentland Perceptual Computing Group & Computer Graphics and Animation Group The Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MD USA

We describe a system for semiautomatically extracting 3-D object models from raw, uncalibrated video. The system utilizes a recursive estimator to accurately recover camera motion, point-wise structure, and camera focal length. Recovered 3-D points are used to compute a piecewise-smooth surface model for the object. Recovered motion and camera geometry are then used along with the original video to texture map the surfaces. We describe extensions to our previously-reported geometry estimation formulation that incorporate focal length estimation and other improvements, so that accurate estimates of structure and camera motion can be recovered from uncalibrated video cameras. We also discuss the buildup of texture maps from sequences of images, which is important in producing realistic looking models. Examples demonstrate generation of a realistic 3-D texture mapped model from a video sequence, the post-production manipulation of video, and the combination of computer graphics models with video.< >

关键词： Recursive estimation Cameras Motion estimation Geometry Video compression Shape computer graphics Surface texture Surface fitting computer vision

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HUMAN FIGURE MODELING FOR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS

HUMAN FIGURE MODELING FOR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT APPLICATIONS

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IEEE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ROBOT AND HUMAN COMMUNICATION

作者： ZELTZER, D Computer Graphics and Animation Group Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780307534

Many applications would benefit from graphical simulation and emerging virtual environment (VE) technologies, and for many of these cases, the VE system must be able to display accurate models of human figures. The author surveys major modeling techniques for representing and simulating synthetic humans, or virtual actors, and discusses the relative importance of these simulation and modeling techniques for various VE applications.

关键词： Virtual environments Human Body graphical simulation Modeling modeling and simulation

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CINEMA. A system for procedural camera movements 92

CINEMA. A system for procedural camera movements

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Proceedings of the 1992 Symposium on Interactive 3D graphics

作者： Drucker, Steven M. Galyean, Tinsley A. Zeltzer, David MIT Media Lab Computer Graphics and Animation Group Cambridge 02139 MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897914678

This paper presents a general system for camera movement upon which a wide variety of higher-level methods and applications can be built. In addition to the basic commands for camera placement, a key attribute of the CINEMA system is the ability to inquire information directly about the 3D world through which the camera is moving. With this information high-level procedures can be written that closely correspond to more natural camera specifications. Examples of some high-level procedures are presented. In addition, methods for overcoming deficiencies of this procedural approach are proposed. © 1992 ACM.

关键词： Cameras

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Interactive viewpoint control and three-dimensional operations 92

Interactive viewpoint control and three-dimensional operatio...

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Proceedings of the 1992 Symposium on Interactive 3D graphics

作者： McKenna, Michael Media Laboratory Computer Graphics and Animation Group Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge 02139 MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897914678

Techniques are discussed for creating a rendered view into a 3D scene, interactively based on the locations and orientations of the observer's head and the display surface. Stereoscopic head mounted displays (HMDs) demonstrate a simplified, special case of these techniques, because the eyes and monitors move in unison. A largely overlooked class of interactive displays uses the relative positions between the eyes and monitor as input. These displays can be stereo or monoscopic, fixed or mobile, and the rendering process should incorporate the correct perspective distortion, which depends on the locations of the viewpoint(s) and the display monitor. Three real-Time graphics display systems were prototyped and examined: A high-resolution display which corrects the perspective projection based on the location of the observer's eye;the same display, extended to modify the view as the monitor is tilted and swiveled;and a handheld LCD display which can be freely moved and rotated as it displays a view based on the eye and monitor positions. A simple experiment indicates that tracking the head and providing the appropriate view improves the ability to pick specific 3D locations in space using a 2D display, when compared to a fixed view and a mouse-controlled view. © 1992 ACM.

关键词： Location

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Pump it up: computer animation of a biomechanically based model of muscle using the finite element method 92

Pump it up: computer animation of a biomechanically based mo...

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Proceedings of the 19th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques

作者： David T. Chen David Zeltzer Computer Graphics and Animation Group The Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA

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Human figure modeling for virtual environment applications

Human figure modeling for virtual environment applications

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IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication (ROMAN)

作者： D. Zeltzer Computer Graphics and Animation Group The Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

关键词： Humans Virtual environment Computational modeling computer simulation computer displays Solid modeling Biological system modeling Application software Auditory displays graphics

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Interactive graphics for plastic surgery. A task-level analysis and implementation 92

Interactive graphics for plastic surgery. A task-level analy...

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Proceedings of the 1992 Symposium on Interactive 3D graphics

作者： Pieper, Steven Rosen, Joseph Zeltzer, David Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth College Hanover 05037 NH United States Medical Center Dartmouth College Hanover 05037 NH United States MIT Media Laboratory Computer Graphics and Animation Group Cambridge 02139 MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0897914678

We have implemented a system for computer-Aided Plastic Surgery. Planning plastic surgery procedures is complex because the surgeon needs to stretch and reshape the patient's skin to replace missing tissue while minimizing distortion of the surrounding tissue. Traditional planning techniques rely on the surgeon's experience to select among a myriad of possible procedure designs. While mathematica1 techniques for predicting the outcome of surgery have been proposed in the past, these are not in widespread use by surgeons because they require the surgeon to perform manual constructions and geometric calculations. Our system makes the analysis process easier by allowing the surgeon to draw the surgical plan directly on a 3D model of the patient. An automatic mesh generator is used to convert that drawing into a well-formulated problem for finite element analysis. © 1992 ACM.

关键词： 3D graphics computer-Aided surgery Interactivity Plastic surgery Surgical simulation

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Real virtual environment applications - Now 3

Real virtual environment applications - Now

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3rd Conference on Visualization, VIS 1992

作者： Breen, Paul T. Grinstein, Georges G. Mizell, David W. Satava, Richard M. Smith, Bradford Stephens, Michael M. Zeltzer, David Department Head Applied Technology MITRE Corporation BedfordMA United States Continental C3 MITRE Corporation BedfordMA United States Institute for Visualization and Perception Research Computer Science Department University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA United States Computing Systems and Environments Boeing Computer Services SeattleWA United States General Surgery Silas B. Hays Army Hospital Fort OrdCA United States University of San Francisco BerkeleyCA United States System Engineering Division Computer Sciences Corporation VicksburgMS United States Computer Graphics and Animation Group Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

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Motor planning: An architecture for specifying and controlling the behaviour of virtual actors

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The Journal of Visualization and computer animation 1991年第2期2卷 74-80页

作者： Zeltzer, David Johnson, Michael B. Computer Graphics and Animation Group The Media Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 United States

As virtual worlds become increasingly complex, task level interaction with virtual actors becomes correspondingly important. The control problem simply becomes unmanageable if we try to interact with synthetic agents at the wrong level of abstraction. However, it is not sufficient merely to implement a set of behaviours for a virtual actor;we require some mechanism for selecting and sequencing motor skills appropriate to the current behavioural goals and the states of other objects and actors in the virtual environment. In this paper we will describe a mechanism for linking perception and action to generate routine behaviours in a process we call motor planning. We present our implementation of the skill network, in which motor skills are the nodes and the arcs represent inhibitory and excitatory connections, including extensions to this architecture based on recent work in robotics. We characterize the domain of motor planning, i.e. what kinds of behaviour can it account for, and when will it fail? We close with a discussion of the limits of our current implementation and work that remains to be done. Copyright © 1991 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

关键词： computer animation Motor control Planning Reactive planning Virtual environments

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