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15th International Conference on Intelligent Computing, ICIC 2019

作者： Sylos Labini, Mauro Gsaxner, Christina Pepe, Antonio Wallner, Juergen Egger, Jan Bevilacqua, Vitoantonio Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory Graz Austria Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Polytechnic University of Bari Bari Italy Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783030267650

computer-assisted surgery is a trending topic in research, with many different approaches which aim at supporting surgeons in the operating room. Existing surgical planning and navigation solutions are often considered to be distracting, unintuitive or hard to interpret. In this work, we address this issue with an approach based on mixed reality devices like Microsoft HoloLens. We assess the depth sensing capabilities of Microsoft HoloLens, and the potential benefit they could bring to computer-assisted surgery applications. © 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Mixed reality

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Evaluation of fast 2D and 3D medical image retrieval approaches based on image miniatures

Evaluation of fast 2D and 3D medical image retrieval approac...

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2nd MICCAI International Workshop on Medical Content-Based Retrieval for Clinical Decision Support, MCBR-CDS 2011

作者： Donner, René Haas, Sebastian Burner, Andreas Holzer, Markus Bischof, Horst Langs, Georg Computational Image Analysis and Radiology Lab. Department of Radiology Medical University of Vienna Austria Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642284595

The present work evaluates four medical image retrieval approaches based on features derived from image miniatures. We argue that due to the restricted domain of medical image data, the standardized acquisition protocols and the absence of a potentially cluttered background a holistic image description is sufficient to capture high-level image similarities. We compare four different miniature 2D and 3D descriptors and corresponding metrics, in terms of their retrieval performance: (A) plain miniatures together with euclidean distances in a k Nearest Neighbor based retrieval backed by kD-trees;(B) correlations of rigidly aligned miniatures, initialized using the kD-tree;(C) distribution fields together with the l1-norm;(D) SIFT-like histogram of gradients using the χ2-distance. We evaluate the approaches on two data sets: the ImageClef 2009 benchmark of 2D radiographs with the aim to categorize the images and a large set of 3D-CTs representing a realistic sample in a hospital PACS with the objective to estimate the location of the query volume. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Medical imaging

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A Visual Surveillance System to Observe Realistic Road User Behavior for Improved Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety at Crossroads

A Visual Surveillance System to Observe Realistic Road User ...

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IEEE Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS)

作者： Nadezda Kirillova Horst Possegger Horst Bischof Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria Christian Doppler Laboratory for Semantic 3D Computer Vision

ISBN: (数字)9781665463829

ISBN: (纸本)9781665463836

Pedestrians and cyclists suffer the most serious injuries in traffic accidents. Existing Pedestrian Protection Systems and Road Safety Systems rely on an ideal model of pedestrian behavior and do not consider that people tend to take shortcuts, appear at unexpected places or can be distracted on the road, for example, by using a smartphone or wearing headphones. Collecting and analyzing realistic road user behavior is a crucial component to improve pedestrian and cyclist safety. However, such real-world data is still missing. To address this, we propose a visual surveillance system with two perpendicular partially overlapping fields of view, combined with a fully automated deep learning-based pipeline to process and collect video observations, detect and extract road user trajectories in real-world coordinates and estimate human attributes, such as age, gender, smartphone usage, etc. We demonstrate our prototype by deploying it in two locations in a European city.

关键词： Visualization Smart cities Surveillance Prototypes Streaming media Road safety Behavioral sciences

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Estimation Illumination Chromaticity

Estimation Illumination Chromaticity

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International Symposium on Intelligent Information Technology Application, IITA

作者： Li Yao Computer Graphics & Vision Laboratory South-East University Nanjing Jiangsu China

Color constancy is important for pattern recognition and image understanding. Based on simplified BRDF model, we use voting method to detect the high light areas. Then the pixels in the high light areas are projected to the inverse-intensity space. In the inverse-intensity space, the correlation of image chromaticity, inverse-intensity, and illumination chromaticity is linear. So we can estimate the Illumination chromaticity. The experiments demonstrate that our algorithm have no limit on the objects' material and texture and contain the color constancy after the illumination chromaticity correction.

关键词： Lighting Optical reflection Cameras Layout Color Surface texture Information technology Application software computer graphics Pattern recognition

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Optimal surface normal from affine transformation 10

Optimal surface normal from affine transformation

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10th International Conference on computer vision Theory and Applications, VISAPP 2015

作者： Daniel, Barath Molnar, Jozsef Hajder, Levente Geometric Modelling and Computer Vision Laboratory MTA SZTAKI Kende utca 13-17 BudapestH-1111 Hungary Department of Image Processing and Computer Graphics Institute of Informatics University of Szeged Árpád tér 2 SzegedH-6720 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9789897580918

This paper deals with surface normal estimation from calibrated stereo images. We show here how the affine transformation between two projections defines the surface normal of a 3D planar patch. We give a formula that describes the relationship of surface normals, camera projections, and affine transformations. This formula is general since it works for every kind of cameras. We propose novel methods for estimating the normal of a surface patch if the affine transformation is known between two perspective images. We show here that the normal vector can be optimally estimated if the projective depth of the patch is known. Other non-optimal methods are also introduced for the problem. The proposed methods are tested both on synthesized data and images of real-world 3D objects.

关键词： Cameras

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Communication via eye blinks and eyebrow raises: Video-based human-computer interfaces

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Universal Access in the Information Society 2003年第4期2卷 359-373页

作者： Grauman, K. Betke, M. Lombardi, J. Gips, J. Bradski, G.R. Vision Interface Group AI Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Computer Science Department Boston University 111 Cummington St BostonMA02215 United States EagleEyes Computer Science Department Boston College Fulton Hall Chestnut HillMA02467 United States Vision Graphics and Pattern Recognition Microcomputer Research Laboratory Intel Corporation SC12-303 2200 Mission College Blvd Santa ClaraCA95054-1537 United States

Two video-based human-computer interaction tools are introduced that can activate a binary switch and issue a selection command. "BlinkLink," as the first tool is called, automatically detects a user's eye blinks and accurately measures their durations. The system is intended to provide an alternate input modality to allow people with severe disabilities to access a computer. Voluntary long blinks trigger mouse clicks, while involuntary short blinks are ignored. The system enables communication using "blink patterns:" sequences of long and short blinks which are interpreted as semiotic messages. The second tool, "EyebrowClicker," automatically detects when a user raises his or her eyebrows and then triggers a mouse click. Both systems can initialize themselves, track the eyes at frame rate, and recover in the event of errors. No special lighting is required. The systems have been tested with interactive games and a spelling program. Results demonstrate overall detection accuracy of 95.6% for BlinkLink and 89.0% for EyebrowClicker. © Springer-Verlag 2003.

关键词： computer vision

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Robust 3D Tracking with Descriptor Fields

Robust 3D Tracking with Descriptor Fields

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IEEE Conference on computer vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Alberto Crivellaro Vincent Lepetit Computer Vision Laboratory Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute for Computer Graphics Vision Graz University of Technology

We introduce a method that can register challenging images from specular and poorly textured 3D environments, on which previous approaches fail. We assume that a small set of reference images of the environment and a partial 3D model are available. Like previous approaches, we register the input images by aligning them with one of the reference images using the 3D information. However, these approaches typically rely on the pixel intensities for the alignment, which is prone to fail in presence of specularities or in absence of texture. Our main contribution is an efficient novel local descriptor that we use to describe each image location. We show that we can rely on this descriptor in place of the intensities to significantly improve the alignment robustness at a minor increase of the computational cost, and we analyze the reasons behind the success of our descriptor.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Robustness Cameras Solid modeling Optimization Registers Lighting

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RANSAC-based Training Data Selection for speaker state recognition

RANSAC-based Training Data Selection for speaker state recog...

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12th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH 2011

作者： Bozkurt, Elif Erzin, Engin Erdem, Çiǧdem Eroǧlu Erdem, A.Tanju Multimedia Vision and Graphics Laboratory Koç University Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bahçeşehir University Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Özyeǧin University Istanbul Turkey

We present a Random Sampling Consensus (RANSAC) based training approach for the problem of speaker state recognition from spontaneous speech. Our system is trained and tested with the INTERSPEECH 2011 Speaker State Challenge corpora that includes the Intoxication and the Sleepiness Sub-challenges, where each sub-challenge defines a two-class classification task. We aim to perform a RANSAC-based training data selection coupled with the Support Vector Machine (SVM) based classification to prune possible outliers, which exist in the training data. Our experimental evaluations indicate that utilization of RANSAC-based training data selection provides 66.32 % and 65.38 % unweighted average (UA) recall rate on the development and test sets for the Sleepiness Sub-challenge, respectively and a slight improvement on the Intoxication Sub-challenge performance. Copyright © 2011 ISCA.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Enforcing connectivity of 3D linear structures using their 2D projections

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Oner, Doruk Osman, Hussein Kozinski, Mateusz Fua, Pascal Computer Vision Laboratory École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria

Many biological and medical tasks require the delineation of 3D curvilinear structures such as blood vessels and neurites from image volumes. This is typically done using neural networks trained by minimizing voxel-wise loss functions that do not capture the topological properties of these structures. As a result, the connectivity of the recovered structures is often wrong, which lessens their usefulness. In this paper, we propose to improve the 3D connectivity of our results by minimizing a sum of topology-aware losses on their 2D projections. This suffices to increase the accuracy and to reduce the annotation effort required to provide the required annotated training data. Code is available at https://***/doruk-oner/ConnectivityOnProjections. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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LaFTer: label-free tuning of zero-shot classifier using language and unlabeled image collections 23

LaFTer: label-free tuning of zero-shot classifier using lang...

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： M. Jehanzeb Mirza Leonid Karlinsky Wei Lin Mateusz Kozinski Horst Possegger Rogerio Feris Horst Bischof Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision TU Graz Austria and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Embedded Machine Learning MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision TU Graz Austria

Recently, large-scale pre-trained vision and Language (VL) models have set a new state-of-the-art (SOTA) in zero-shot visual classification enabling open-vocabulary recognition of potentially unlimited set of categories defined as simple language prompts. However, despite these great advances, the performance of these zero-shot classifiers still falls short of the results of dedicated (closed category set) classifiers trained with supervised fine-tuning. In this paper we show, for the first time, how to reduce this gap without any labels and without any paired VL data, using an unlabeled image collection and a set of texts auto-generated using a Large Language Model (LLM) describing the categories of interest and effectively substituting labeled visual instances of those categories. Using our label-free approach, we are able to attain significant performance improvements over the zero-shot performance of the base VL model and other contemporary methods and baselines on a wide variety of datasets, demonstrating absolute improvement of up to 11.7% (3.8% on average) in the label-free setting. Moreover, despite our approach being label-free, we observe 1.3% average gains over leading few-shot prompting baselines that do use 5-shot supervision.

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