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2nd International Workshop on Eye Tracking for Spatial Research, ET4S 2014, Co-located with the 8th International Conference on Geographic Information Science, GIScience 2014

作者： Schrom-Feiertag, Helmut Schinko, Christoph Settgast, Volker Seer, Stefan Austrian Institute of Technology Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization TU Graz Austria Fraunhofer Austria Graz Austria

In this paper we present a novel method to evaluate guidance systems and navigation solutions for public infrastructures based on an immersive virtual environment in combination with a mobile eye tracking system. It opens new opportunities for wayfinding studies in public infrastructures already during the planning phase. Our approach embeds an interface for natural locomotion in the virtual environment offering significant advantages related to the user's spatial perception as well as physical and cognitive demands. Accurate measurements of position, locomotion and gaze within the virtual environment enable a great simplification for the analysis of eye tracking data. We conducted a study with participants that included virtual and real world scenarios within a train station. First results exhibit similar behaviour of participants in the real and virtual environment, confirming the comparability and applicability of our method.

关键词： Eye tracking

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A measurement model of building information modelling maturity

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Construction Innovation 2014年第2期14卷 186-209页

作者： Chen, Yunfeng Dib, Hazar Cox, Robert F. Building Construction Management Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Building Construction Management and Computer Graphics Technology Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States

Purpose - There is a growing requirement for a rating system of building information modelling maturity (BIMM) to compare the effectiveness of modelling processes in construction projects. The literature related to BIMM contains theoretical proposals and description of their maturity models. However, the research efforts are limited and lacking substantial theoretical and empirical justifications. This paper is a unique attempt to integrate previous models by performing empirical investigations of key factors for measuring BIMM in construction projects. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - A national survey was designed to extract the perception of 124 BIM-related practitioners and academicians about the conceptual model. Then, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to identify and test the key factors underlying the 27 areas. Findings - A principal component factor analysis of the collected data had suggested a five-factor model, which explained 69.839 per cent of the variance. The construct validity of the model was further tested by confirmatory factor analysis. The results indicated that all factors were important in measuring BIMM;however, compared with the factors of technology and people, more emphasis was put on the factors of process and information. Originality/value - The key value of the paper is to increase the understanding of multi-dimension nature of BIMM through empirical evidence and to provide practitioners and researchers with the insight regarding particular emphasis on the factors related to modelling process and information. Copyright © 2014 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.

关键词： BIM Construction management Factor analysis Maturity model Process improvement Quality management

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Thermal simulation of heterogeneous GaN/ InP/silicon 3DIC stacks

Thermal simulation of heterogeneous GaN/ InP/silicon 3DIC st...

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IEEE International Conference on 3D System Integration, 3DIC

作者： T. Robert Harris Eric J. Wyers Lee Wang Samuel Graham Georges Pavlidis Paul D. Franzon W. Rhett Davis North Carolina State University Raleigh NC US Department of Engineering and Computer Science Tarleton State University Stephenville TX USA Calibre Design Solutions Mentor Graphics Corporation Fremont CA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

Integration of materials such as GaN, InP, SiGe, and Si is a natural extension of the 3D-IC perspective and provides a unique solution for high performance circuits. In this approach, application of a component is no longer dependent on semiconductor material selection. In this paper, preliminary results are presented which examine the thermal performance of the technology. A thermal analysis prototype solution in Mentor graphics ™ Calibre ® provides surface heat maps based on IC layout, material property, and geometric configuration files. Chiplets are connected by heterogeneous interconnect (HIC). Differences in thermal performance of GaN and InP chiplets are explored by varying the number of HICs. Two methods for building up the model of a test chip are compared. One method uses custom scripts to place discrete blocks in the model to represent HICs, while the other uses thermal material properties extracted from the layout. Measurements presented confirm simulated results.

关键词： Semiconductor device modeling Gallium nitride Indium phosphide III-V semiconductor materials CMOS integrated circuits Layout Thermal conductivity

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Occlusion Geodesics for Online Multi-Object Tracking

Occlusion Geodesics for Online Multi-Object Tracking

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IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Horst Possegger Thomas Mauthner Peter M. Roth Horst Bischof Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781479951192

Robust multi-object tracking-by-detection requires the correct assignment of noisy detection results to object trajectories. We address this problem by proposing an online approach based on the observation that object detectors primarily fail if objects are significantly occluded. In contrast to most existing work, we only rely on geometric information to efficiently overcome detection failures. In particular, we exploit the spatio-temporal evolution of occlusion regions, detector reliability, and target motion prediction to robustly handle missed detections. In combination with a conservative association scheme for visible objects, this allows for real-time tracking of multiple objects from a single static camera, even in complex scenarios. Our evaluations on publicly available multi-object tracking benchmark datasets demonstrate favorable performance compared to the state-of-the-art in online and offline multi-object tracking.

关键词： Trajectory Detectors Target tracking Robustness Cameras

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Comparison of appearance-based and geometry-based bubble detectors

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2014年 8671卷 610-617页

作者： Strokina, Nataliya Juránek, Roman Eerola, Tuomas Lensu, Lasse Zemčik, Pavel Kälviäinen, Heikki Tampere University of Technology Department of Signal Processing P.O. Box 527 Tampere33101 Finland Brno University of Technology Department of Computer Graphics and Multimedia Brno Czech Republic Lappeenranta University of Technology Machine Vision and Pattern Recognition Laboratory P.O. Box 20 Lappeenranta53851 Finland

Bubble detection is a complicated tasks since varying lighting conditions changes considerably the appearance of bubbles in liquid. The two common techniques to detect circular objects such as bubbles, the geometry-based and appearance-based approaches, have their advantages and weaknesses. The geometry-based methods often fail to detect small blob-like bubbles that do not match the used geometrical model, and appearance-based approaches are vulnerable to appearance changes caused by, e.g., illumination. In this paper, we compare a geometry-based concentric circular arrangements (CCA) and appearance-based sliding window methods as well as their combinations in terms of bubble detection, gas volume computation, and size distribution estimation. The best bubble detection performance was achieved with the sliding window method whereas the most precise volume estimate was produced by the CCA method. The combination of the two approaches gave only a minor advantage compared to the base methods. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014.

关键词： Geometry

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Information technology for communities: Development of a web-based 3D visualization and cluster computing system for disaster management

Information technology for communities: Development of a web...

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121st ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: 360 Degrees of Engineering Education

作者： Jin, Ge Dekker, Gerald A. Moreland, John Nicolai, Barbara Jean Department of Computer Information Technology and Graphics College of Technology Purdue University Calumet United States Department of Computer Science Purdue University Calumet United States Center for Innovation through Visualization and Simulation Purdue University Calumet United States

Natural disasters can cause huge loss of life, enormous amounts of property damage to the local communities. Although it is impossible to avoid the natural disasters, human sufferings can be reduced by adopting information technologies to the disaster response missions. In this paper, a web-based 3D visualization and cluster computing system was developed to facilitate and expedite the resource distribution process during a disaster. Our disaster management system utilizes state-of- The- Art computing cluster with 16 nodes of Intel Xeon-E5 processors (16 cores per node) to process the emergency supply requests from the disaster victims, and calculate the optimal resource distribution routes with the consideration of the damaged transportation infrastructures. The optimized resource distribution problem was solved with distributed all pair shortest path algorithm and the vehicle routing algorithm. The web-based 3D visualization system was developed with Google earth engine to display the disaster areas, affected households and resource distribution routes. The computation result from the cluster was automatically uploaded to the web-based 3D visualization system, enabling the users to immediately see the optimal resource distribution routes in a virtual 3D environment. The visualization system is flexible and can be easily adapted to a Google earth enabled mobile devices, desktop monitors as well as a Cave automatic virtual environment (CAVE). A historical disaster data from the Northwest Indiana was used to demonstrate the functionalities of the developed system. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2013.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Discriminative Feature-to-Point Matching in Image-Based Localization

Discriminative Feature-to-Point Matching in Image-Based Loca...

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Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Michael Donoser Dieter Schmalstieg Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

The prevalent approach to image-based localization is matching interest points detected in the query image to a sparse 3D point cloud representing the known world. The obtained correspondences are then used to recover a precise camera pose. The state-of-the-art in this field often ignores the availability of a set of 2D descriptors per 3D point, for example by representing each 3D point by only its centroid. In this paper we demonstrate that these sets contain useful information that can be exploited by formulating matching as a discriminative classification problem. Since memory demands and computational complexity are crucial in such a setup, we base our algorithm on the efficient and effective random fern principle. We propose an extension which projects features to fern-specific embedding spaces, which yields improved matching rates in short runtime. Experiments first show that our novel formulation provides improved matching performance in comparison to the standard nearest neighbor approach and that we outperform related randomization methods in our localization scenario.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Training Vectors Runtime Training data Correlation Cameras

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Discrete-Continuous Gradient Orientation Estimation for Faster Image Segmentation

Discrete-Continuous Gradient Orientation Estimation for Fast...

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IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Michael Donoser Dieter Schmalstieg Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781479951192

The state-of-the-art in image segmentation builds hierarchical segmentation structures based on analyzing local feature cues in spectral settings. Due to their impressive performance, such segmentation approaches have become building blocks in many computer vision applications. Nevertheless, the main bottlenecks are still the computationally demanding processes of local feature processing and spectral analysis. In this paper, we demonstrate that based on a discrete-continuous optimization of oriented gradient signals, we are able to provide segmentation performance competitive to state-of-the-art on BSDS 500 (even without any spectral analysis) while reducing computation time by a factor of 40 and memory demands by a factor of 10.

关键词： Image segmentation Prototypes Training Spectral analysis Runtime Image edge detection computer vision

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Multiple Model Fitting by Evolutionary Dynamics

Multiple Model Fitting by Evolutionary Dynamics

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Michael Donoser Martin Hirzer Dieter Schmalstieg Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9781479952106

We propose a novel multiple model fitting method based on outlier insensitive evolutionary dynamics, fulfilling several important requirements. Our method automatically identifies a unspecified number of models and is robust to noise and outliers in the data. Furthermore, we are able to handle overlapping models, by allowing that data points are assigned to more than one model. This is implicitly handled during model fitting and not as a post-processing step. Gross outliers are directly identified, by letting some points unassigned. We also introduce a technique, considering nearest neighbor analysis, to significantly reduce computation time, while maintaining model fitting accuracy. We show experiments on real-world and synthetic data, achieving accurate model fitting results also demonstrating an application of plane fitting on a consumer hardware providing RGB-D video streams.

关键词： Data models Computational modeling Mathematical model Robustness Analytical models Vectors Adaptation models

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Preface

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Journal of computer Science & technology 2015年第3期30卷 437-438页

作者： Shi-Min Hu (1) Leif Kobbelt (2) .Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China 2.Computer Graphics Group RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany

With the increasing rapid development of information and communication technologies from the high-speed Internet to mobile phones and digital cameras, visual data is now widely available in huge amounts and a great variety, yielding significant challenges and opportunities for novel processing schemes of visual information, as well as their commercial applications.

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