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Fluency of visualizations: linking spatiotemporal visualizations to improve cybersecurity visual analytics

Security Informatics 2014年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： Qian, Zhenyu Cheryl Chen, Yingjie Victor Interaction Design Purdue University West Lafayette USA Computer Graphics Technology Purdue University West Lafayette USA

This paper adopts the metaphor of representational fluency and proposes an auto linking approach to help analysts investigate details of suspicious sections across different cybersecurity visualizations. Analysis of spatiotemporal network security data takes place both conditionally and in sequence. Many visual analytics systems use time series curves to visualize the data from the temporal perspective and maps to show the spatial information. To identify anomalies, the analysts frequently shift across different visualizations and the original data view. We consider them as various representations of the same data and aim to enhance the fluency of navigation across these representations. With the auto linking mechanism, after the analyst selects a segment of a curve, the system can automatically highlight the related area on the map for further investigation, and the selections on the map or the data views can also trigger the related time series curves. This approach adopts the slicing operation of the Online Analytical Process (OLAP) to find the basic granularities that contribute to the overall value change. We implemented this approach in an award-winning visual analytics system, SemanticPrism, and demonstrate the functions through two use cases.

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Serious sustainability challenge game to promote teaching and learning of building sustainability

Serious sustainability challenge game to promote teaching an...

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作者： Dib, Hazar Adamo-Villani, Nicoletta Dept. of Building Construction Management Purdue Univ. West Lafayette IN 47907 United States Dept. of Computer Graphics Technology Purdue Univ. West Lafayette IN 47907 United States

This paper presents ongoing research aimed at improving building sustainability education through the use of serious games. With the growth of the population worldwide and the increased demand on resources, there has been a growing emphasis on sustainable buildings. As architects, engineers and construction professionals are educated for the future, the complex area of building sustainability must be included in the curriculum;however, the literature shows no clear consensus on teaching methods or curriculum design. Growing evidence suggests that computer games could be effective tools in construction education as they can provide students with both theoretical and applied knowledge. In this paper we describe the development and initial evaluation of a serious game for learning sustainable building design principles and practices. The game is aimed at undergraduate students enrolled in Civil Engineering, Architecture and Building Construction Management programs. Findings from a formative study with 17 students and three faculty show that the game was perceived as usable, engaging and useful for learning/teaching building sustainability. Results of a summative study with 42 undergraduate students show that playing the game led to an increase in subjects' declarative knowledge by 22% and procedural knowledge by 37%. Compared with traditional learning methods, playing the game led to significantly higher procedural knowledge gains, whereas gains in declarative knowledge were not significantly higher. © 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Sustainable development

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Cloud-based 3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Monuments using Open Access Image Repositories 12

Cloud-based 3D Reconstruction of Cultural Heritage Monuments...

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12th Eurographics Workshop on graphics and Cultural Heritage, GCH 2014

作者： Hadjiprocopis, Andreas Wenzel, Konrad Rothermel, Mathias Ioannides, Marinos Fritsch, Dieter Klein, Michael Johnsons, Paul S. Weinlinger, Guenther Doulamis, Anastasios Protopapadakis, Eftychios Kyriakaki, Georgia Makantasis, Kostas Fellner, Dieter Stork, Andre Santos, Pedro Cyprus University of Technology Digital Heritage Lab Cyprus University of Stuttgart Germany 7Reasons GmbH Austria Technical University of Crete Greece Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783905674750

A large number of photographs of cultural heritage items and monuments is publicly available in various Open Access Image Repositories (OAIR) and social media sites. Metadata inserted by camera, user and host site may help to determine the photograph content, geo-location and date of capture, thus allowing us, with relative success, to localise photos in space and time. Additionally, developments in Photogrammetry and computer Vision, such as Structure from Motion (SfM), provide a simple and cost-effective method of generating relatively accurate camera orientations and sparse and dense 3D point clouds from 2D images. Our main goal is to provide a software tool able to run on desktop or cluster computers or as a back end of a cloud-based service, enabling historians, architects, archaeologists and the general public to search, download and reconstruct 3D point clouds of historical monuments from hundreds of images from the web in a cost-effective manner. The end products can be further enriched with metadata and published. This paper describes a workflow for searching and retrieving photographs of historical monuments from OAIR, such as Flickr and Picasa, and using them to build dense point clouds using SfM and dense image matching techniques. Computational efficiency is improved by a technique which reduces image matching time by using an image connectivity prior derived from low-resolution versions of the original images. Benchmarks for two large datasets showing the respective efficiency gains are presented. © The Eurographics Association 2014.

关键词： Metadata

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Proceduralization of Buildings at City Scale

Proceduralization of Buildings at City Scale

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International Conference on 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DIMPVT)

作者： Ilke Demir Daniel G. Aliaga Bedrich Benes Computer Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN US Computer Graphics Technology Purdue University West Lafayette IN US

We present a framework for the conversion of existing 3D unstructured urban models into a compact procedural representation that enables model synthesis, querying, and simplification of large urban areas. During the de-instancing phase, a dissimilarity-based clustering is performed to obtain a set of building components and component types. During the proceduralization phase, the components are arranged into a context-free grammar, which can be directly edited or interactively manipulated. We applied our approach to convert several large city models, with up to 19,000 building components spanning over 180 km squares, into procedural models of a few thousand terminals, non-terminals, and 50-100 rules.

关键词： Buildings Grammar Cities and towns Three-dimensional displays Solid modeling Rendering (computer graphics) Feature extraction

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Teaching electromagnetic compatibility to engineering technology students

Teaching electromagnetic compatibility to engineering techno...

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IEEE Long Island Systems, Applications and technology Conference (LISAT)

作者： Uma Balaji Computer Electronics & Graphics Technology Department Central Connecticut State University CT New Britain

In recent years the operating speed of digital electronic systems has increased beyond one GHz. Challenges to the system design are electromagnetic compatibility and signal integrity issues. The electrical and computer engineering technology programs offer courses in digital and analog electronics, and communication circuits along with fundamentals of circuit analysis, signals and systems and electromagnetics. An elective course on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) will provide students with knowledge of overcoming challenges of meeting standards and signal integrity issues and knowledge of dealing with electronic systems as a whole to the students. This paper discusses the contents of the curriculum to prepare students in technology major for this important industry relevant topic.

关键词： Electromagnetic compatibility SPICE Standards Electromagnetic interference Electromagnetics Impedance Power transmission lines

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Automatic tuning of liver tissue model using simulated annealing and genetic algorithm heuristic approaches

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2014年第1期1605卷 313-318页

作者： Salina Sulaiman Abdullah Bade Rechard Lee Siti Hasnah Tanalol Real-Time Computer Graphics and Visualization (GRAVS) School of Science and Technology Universiti Malaysia Sabah 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia

Mass Spring Model (MSM) is a highly efficient model in terms of calculations and easy implementation. Mass, spring stiffness coefficient and damping constant are three major components of MSM. This paper focuses on identifying the coefficients of spring stiffness and damping constant using automated tuning method by optimization in generating human liver model capable of responding quickly. To achieve the objective two heuristic approaches are used, namely Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) on the human liver model data set. The properties of the mechanical heart, which are taken into consideration, are anisotropy and viscoelasticity. Optimization results from SA and GA are then implemented into the MSM to model two human hearts, each with its SA or GA construction parameters. These techniques are implemented while making FEM construction parameters as benchmark. Step size response of both models are obtained after MSMs were solved using Fourth Order Runge-Kutta (RK4) to compare the elasticity response of both models. Remodelled time using manual calculation methods was compared against heuristic optimization methods of SA and GA in showing that model with automatic construction is more realistic in terms of realtime interaction response time. Liver models generated using SA and GA optimization techniques are compared with liver model from manual calculation. It shows that the reconstruction time required for 1000 repetitions of SA and GA is faster than the manual method. Meanwhile comparison between construction time of SA and GA model indicates that model SA is faster than GA with varying rates of time 0.110635 seconds/1000 repetitions. Real-time interaction of mechanical properties is dependent on rate of time and speed of remodelling process. Thus, the SA and GA have proven to be suitable in enhancing realism of simulated real-time interaction in liver remodelling.

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Virtual reality game for safety education

Virtual reality game for safety education

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International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing, ICALIP

作者： Ge Jin Shoji Nakayama Dept. of Computer Information Technology & Graphics Purdue University Calumet Hammond Indiana USA

Safety and health issues are important components for any industry that involves machinery operations. To control various hazards leading to occupational injuries and illnesses, one common method is safety training and education. In this study, we developed a 3D virtual reality game to enhance safety training and education. Based on the recommendations from industrial partners, a pedestal grinder and its operation were selected for this study. The pedestal grinder and the mechanical laboratory were converted to three dimensional shapes using 3D modeling software. The completed 3D models were brought into the game engine to replicate actual laboratory environment. This allows students to interact within the virtual environment and be able to operate the virtual pedestal grinder safely. The interactivity between a user and the equipment within 3D virtual environment was implemented using visual programming tool inside the game engine. A pilot study was conducted to assess the students' learning with regard to the pedestal grinder safety using three groups: lecture only, lecture with physical laboratory, and lecture with the developed 3D virtual environment. The results indicated the benefits of 3D virtual reality game over “lecture only” delivery method in enhancing students' learning. Furthermore, virtual reality game allows students to retain information as good as the “lecture with physical laboratory” delivery method.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Hazards Virtual environments Games Solid modeling Training

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[DEMO] Tracking texture-less, shiny objects with descriptor fields

[DEMO] Tracking texture-less, shiny objects with descriptor ...

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International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR)

作者： Alberto Crivellaro Yannick Verdie Kwang Moo Yi Pascal Fua Vincent Lepetit Computer Vision Laboratory École Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

Our demo demonstrates the method we published at CVPR this year for tracking specular and poorly textured objects, and lets the visitors experiment with it and with their own patterns. Our approach only requires a standard monocular camera (no need for a depth sensor), and can be easily integrated within existing systems to improve their robustness and accuracy.

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Multiscale Centerline Detection by Learning a Scale-Space Distance Transform

Multiscale Centerline Detection by Learning a Scale-Space Di...

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IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Amos Sironi Vincent Lepetit Pascal Fua Computer Vision Laboratory Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology

ISBN: (纸本)9781479951192

We propose a robust and accurate method to extract the centerlines and scale of tubular structures in 2D images and 3D volumes. Existing techniques rely either on filters designed to respond to ideal cylindrical structures, which lose accuracy when the linear structures become very irregular, or on classification, which is inaccurate because locations on centerlines and locations immediately next to them are extremely difficult to distinguish. We solve this problem by reformulating centerline detection in terms of a regression problem. We first train regressors to return the distances to the closest centerline in scale-space, and we apply them to the input images or volumes. The centerlines and the corresponding scale then correspond to the regressors local maxima, which can be easily identified. We show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques for various 2D and 3D datasets.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Training Transforms Image segmentation Vectors Feature extraction Robustness

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aTGV-SF: Dense Variational Scene Flow through Projective Warping and Higher Order Regularization

aTGV-SF: Dense Variational Scene Flow through Projective War...

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International Conference on 3D Imaging, Modeling, Processing, Visualization and Transmission (3DIMPVT)

作者： David Ferstl Christian Reinbacher Gernot Riegler Matthias Rüther Horst Bischof Graz University of Technology Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision AUSTRIA Technische Universitat Graz Graz Steiermark AT

In this paper we present a novel method to accurately estimate the dense 3D motion field, known as scene flow, from depth and intensity acquisitions. The method is formulated as a convex energy optimization, where the motion warping of each scene point is estimated through a projection and back-projection directly in 3D space. We utilize higher order regularization which is weighted and directed according to the input data by an anisotropic diffusion tensor. Our formulation enables the calculation of a dense flow field which does not penalize smooth and non-rigid movements while aligning motion boundaries with strong depth boundaries. An efficient parallelization of the numerical algorithm leads to runtimes in the order of 1s and therefore enables the method to be used in a variety of applications. We show that this novel scene flow calculation outperforms existing approaches in terms of speed and accuracy. Furthermore, we demonstrate applications such as camera pose estimation and depth image super resolution, which are enabled by the high accuracy of the proposed method. We show these applications using modern depth sensors such as Microsoft Kinect or the PMD Nano Time-of-Flight sensor.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Cameras Optimization Estimation Sensors Tensile stress Minimization

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