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3rd International Conference on Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2000

作者： Bzostek, Andrew Kumar, Rajesh Hata, Nobuhiko Schorr, Oliver Kikinis, Ron Taylor, Russell H. Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Surgical Planning Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Institute of Process Control and Robotics University of Karlsruhe Germany Engineering Research Center for Computer Integrated Surgical Systems and Technology Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540411895

We seek to build CIS research systems within a flexible, open architecture. In this paper, we outline our solutions to the problems of system design, construction, and integration in this environment: building distributed, modular systems for sensing, control, and processing. Based on our experience building these systems, we utilize distributed network architectures, modular software components, and intelligent object distribution to maximize flexibility while complying with the particular needs and interfaces of specific components. While a work in progress, these approaches have been integrated into several systems in development and have demonstrated significant utility, based on construction time and system flexibility. This paper will discuss the first two aspects: modular software and basic network architectures, while intelligent object distribution is presented in a companion paper. Based on the applications we have targeted and technologies we have used, this paper introduces our architecture and its components. It then presents the system’s current state and finally, discusses plans for future improvements and extensions. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000.

关键词： Network architecture

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Interactions 2000年第4期7卷 47–50页

作者： Marisa Campbell INFOLAB at the University of Tilburg in the Netherlands Database Laboratory in the Computer Science Department at L'Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Distributed Object Research Group at Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology

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Adding PEP to real-time distributed commit processing

Adding PEP to real-time distributed commit processing

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Real-Time systems Symposium (RTSS)

作者： J.R. Haritsa K. Ramamritham Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies Inc. Murray Hill NJ USA Database Systems Laboratory Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA Department of CSE Indian Institute of Technology Mumbai India

One-phase commit protocols substantially reduce the overheads of transaction commit processing, making them attractive for incorporation in distributed real-time databases. A major obstacle, however is that these protocols significantly increase the occurrence of priority inversions. This arises from the cohorts of each distributed transaction being in a prepared state for extended periods of time, during which their data locks cannot be pre-empted. We present a new one-phase real-time commit protocol, called PEP (short for PROMPT-EP, where PROMPT = "Permits Reading Of Modified Prepared-data for Timeliness", which is a real-time commit protocol, and EP = "Early Prepare", which is a one-phase commit protocol). PEP addresses the above-mentioned problem by suitably utilizing our previously proposed prepared data-borrowing technique. A simulation-based evaluation of PEP for real-time applications with firm deadlines demonstrates that, for a variety of environments, it substantially reduces the number of killed transactions as compared to its multi-phase counterparts. In fact, PEP often provides better performance than even an equivalent centralized system.

关键词： Protocols Data processing Database systems Real time systems distributed databases Transaction databases Writing computer science Communication system control

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Semi-numerical solution of stochastic process algebra models 5th

Semi-numerical solution of stochastic process algebra models

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5th International on Algebraic Methodology And Software technology, AMAST 1999, held with Workshop on Formal Methods for Real-Time and Probabilistic systems, ARTS 1999

作者： Bohnenkamp, Henrik C. Haverkort, Boudewijn R. Laboratory for Performance Evaluation and Distributed Systems Department of Computer Science RWTH Aachen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3540660100

A solution method for solving Markov chains for a class of stochastic process algebra terms is presented. The solution technique is based on a reformulation of the underlying continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) in terms of semi-Markov processes. For the reformulation only local information about the processes running in parallel is needed, and it is therefore never necessary to generate the complete global state space of the CTMC. The method works for a fixed number of sequential processes running in parallel and which all synchronize on the same global set of actions. The behaviour of the processes is expressed by the embedded Markov chain of a semi-Markov process and by distribution functions (exponomials) which describe the times between synchronizations. The solution method is exact, hence, the state space explosion problem for this class of processes has been solved. A distributed implementation of the solution technique is straightforward. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1999.

关键词： Distribution functions

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ECHOES: educational hypermedia on-line system

ECHOES: educational hypermedia on-line system

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and systems (ICMCS)

作者： A. Pasquarelli F. de Stefani G.M.P. O'Hare A.J. Murphy Laboratory of Information Technology ALENIA MARCONI Systems Rome Italy PRISM Laboratory Department of Computer Science University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

The paper presents the ECHOES' (EduCational Hypermedia On-linE System) training environment, its architecture and the services offered to the users. The main objective of the ECHOES project is to build a distributed dynamic environment for educating and supporting technicians in using and repairing complex industrial artefacts. To pursue this objective, computer Web based training, virtual reality and multi agent systems are integrated and synthesised in the ECHOES environment. These technologies are used to aid users at different levels of complexity, starting from the novice, who wants to quickly develop a global functional view of complex systems, up to the technician, who needs a strong conceptual understanding of complex equipment. The user interaction with the system is agent based and the chosen interface is that of the visit metaphor within a 2D or 3D environment, in order to leave the trainee or the technician free in exploring the environment.

关键词： Virtual reality Production facilities Laboratories Information technology Industrial training Educational institutions Application software Channel capacity Intelligent agent Multiagent systems

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Processing transactions over optimistic atomic broadcast protocols

Processing transactions over optimistic atomic broadcast pro...

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International Conference on distributed Computing systems

作者： B. Kemme F. Pedone G. Alonso A. Schiper Information and Communication Systems ETH Zentrum Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich Switzerland Operating Systems Laboratory Computer Science Department Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland

Atomic broadcast primitives allow fault-tolerant cooperation between sites in a distributed system. Unfortunately, the delay incurred before a message can be delivered makes it difficult to implement high performance, scalable applications on top of atomic broadcast primitives. A new approach has been proposed which, based on optimistic assumptions about the communication system, reduces the average delay for message delivery. We develop this idea further and present a replicated database architecture that employs the new atomic broadcast primitive in such a way that the coordination phase of the atomic broadcast is fully overlapped with the execution of transactions, providing high performance without relaxing transaction correctness.

关键词： Broadcasting Protocols Operating systems Laboratories Information systems computer science Postal services World Wide Web Fault tolerant systems Scalability

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Using cg formal contexts to support business system interoperation 6th

Using cg formal contexts to support business system interope...

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6th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 1998

作者： Wing, Hung Colomb, Robert M. Mineau, Guy CRC for Distributed Systems Technology Department of Computer Science The University of Queensland BrisbaneQld 4072 Australia Dept. of Computer Science Université Laval Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540647910

This paper describes a standard interoperability model based on a knowledge representation language such as Conceptual Graphs (CGs). In particular, it describes how an Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) mapping facility can use CG contexts to integrate and compare different trade documents by combining and analysing different concept lattices derived from formal concept analysis theory. In doing this, we hope to provide a formal construct which will support the next generation of EDI trading concerned with corporate information. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Electronic data interchange

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A proof of burns N-process mutual exclusion algorithm using abstraction 4th

A proof of burns N-process mutual exclusion algorithm using ...

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4th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of systems, TACAS 1998, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 1998

作者： Jensen, Henrik E. Lynch, Nancy A. Department of Computer Science Institute for Electronic Systems Aalborg University Aalborg ØDK-9220 Denmark Laboratory for Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540643567

Within the Input/Output Automata framework, we state and prove a general abstraction theorem giving conditions for preservation of safety properties from one automaton to another. We use our abstraction theorem to verify that Burns distributed mutual exclusion algorithm parameterized in the number of processes n satisfies the mutual exclusion property. The concrete n-process algorithm is abstracted by a simple 2-process algorithm which is property preserving with respect to the mutual exclusion property. The condition for property preservation is proved to be satisfied by use of the LP theorem prover with a minimum of user assistance, and the 2-process abstraction is automatically verified using the SPIN model checker. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998.

关键词： Abstracting

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Applications & frameworks

Applications & frameworks

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Workshops on Object-Oriented technology, ECOOP 1997

作者： Ahlander, Krister Ahtee, Tero Holst, Wade Hung, Kitty Karadurak, Selma Kehr, Roger Nowack, Palle Tai, Stefan Department of Scientific Computing Box 120 Uppsala Sweden Tampere University of Technology Software Systems Laboratory Finland Department of Computer Science University of Alberta Canada South Bank University United Kingdom London Guildhall University CISM Dept. 100 Minories Tower Hill London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science WG Distributed Systems Technical University of Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science Aalborg University Fredrik Bajers Vej 7E Aalborg Ø Denmark Technical University Berlin Sekr. E-N 7 Einsteinufer 17 Berlin Germany

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Available transmission capacity (ATC) and its value under open access

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER systems 1997年第2期12卷 636-645页

作者： Ilic, MD Yoon, YT Zobian, A Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA

Strictly engineering aspects of Available Transmission Capacity (ATC) are analyzed first. Non-linear network theory is used to provide several key conditions under which one could define a notion of Available Transmission Capacity (ATC) and specific novel algorithms for its evaluation. Next, the fundamental problem which prevents one from developing an economically efficient distributed transmission market based on the Available Transmission Capacity (ATC) is identified. It is suggested that for an electric power network of an arbitrary topology it is not possible to map the computed ATC onto its market value. All findings are illustrated using examples of small power systems.

关键词： Network topology Power system stability Power system economics Power generation economics computer networks Load flow Equations Resistors Power engineering and energy Laboratories

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