This paper explores the study of multi-choice multi-objective transportation problem (MCMTP) under the environment of utility function approach. MCMTP is converted to multi-objective transportation problems (MOTP) by ...
This paper explores the study of multi-choice multi-objective transportation problem (MCMTP) under the environment of utility function approach. MCMTP is converted to multi-objective transportation problems (MOTP) by transforming the multi-choice parameters like cost, demand, and supply to real-valued parameters. A general transformation procedure using binary variables is illustrated to reduce MCMTP into MOTP. Most of the MOTP are solved by goal programming (GP) approach. Using GP, the solution of MOTP may not be satisfied all the time by the decision maker (DM) when the proposed problem contains interval-valued aspiration level. To overcome this difficulty, here we propose the approaches of revised multi-choice goal programming (RMCGP) and utility function into the MOTP and then compared the solution between them. Finally, numerical examples are presented to show the feasibility and usefulness of our paper.
In this paper, 2-steps software using image processing and enhancement technologies is developed to obtain a scoliosis patient's spine pattern from 2D coronal X-Ray images without manual land marking. Then, a Rule...
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Work-life balance (WLB) can be described as the fulfillment of the duties and responsibilities of workers in their private and business lives in addition to minimizing the conflicts between business and private lives....
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Work-life balance (WLB) can be described as the fulfillment of the duties and responsibilities of workers in their private and business lives in addition to minimizing the conflicts between business and private lives. This can be achieved with self-scheduling of workers only by allocating fair time for private life as well as work life. In enterprises, the workers demand, starting time and working hours of a job can vary according to the nature of the job done and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of workers. The main idea of this study is to develop a method which is balancing between work and private life by considering a self-scheduled working plan regulated systematical as far as weekly or monthly determining qualities and quantities of doctors and nurses to fulfill the needs for different departments of a hospital, considering the number of patients at different hours of a day. In this study, a prototype software was developed to fulfil the requirement of workers and enterprises for balancing work-life considering demands of workers and employers. The developed software can record the numbers and attributes of required personnel to a database according to daily, weekly or monthly demands. The current numbers and attributes of workers then requirements of the employer are entered into the database. Then, workers can choose their work times by considering day and hours from this database. The developed software reconciles the needs of the enterprise and personnel demands with synchronizing the needed working hours of enterprise and selection of personnel. Work assignments are done by personnel requests. Personnel decides their own working time so that monthly and weekly schedules can be obtained. The software is coded in Ms C# programming language and is applied in a hospital. The personnel demands which changes monthly, weekly and different working hours in a day can be assigned by considering doctors and nurses requests' with the help of developed so
New Solutions of autonomous vehicles, which are traveling along a painted line on the floor, have been found. In many cases navigation along a painted line will not be accepted because the ground will not be suitable ...
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New Solutions of autonomous vehicles, which are traveling along a painted line on the floor, have been found. In many cases navigation along a painted line will not be accepted because the ground will not be suitable for a painted line. Environmental concerns prohibit putting anything in or on the ground. A free navigation system is necessary. The load and the size of these vehicles increase. Areas where they are found are expanding. It is undoubtedly true that a safety related position detection system with a strong sense of accuracy would be needed to establish such a secure communication. A system that operates with high accuracy and high reliability is introduced here.
In this study, propagation prediction models based on ray tracing in coverage estimation for broadcasting systems are compared with respect to computation time and accuracy. Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD), Slope ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781934142288
In this study, propagation prediction models based on ray tracing in coverage estimation for broadcasting systems are compared with respect to computation time and accuracy. Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD), Slope Diffraction (S-UTD) and Slope UTD with Convex Hull (S-UTD-CH) models are compared for computation time and propagation path loss. Moreover in this study, effects of transmitter height to relative path loss at the receiver are analyzed. S-UTD-CH model is optimum model with respect to computation time and relative path loss.
Critical security systems for energy supply depends upon energy storage by batteries or the cable supply. “What if this self-sufficient must be supplied?” The main focus of the paper lies on construction and adaptat...
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Critical security systems for energy supply depends upon energy storage by batteries or the cable supply. “What if this self-sufficient must be supplied?” The main focus of the paper lies on construction and adaptation of an impulse coupling which generates a sufficient voltage to supply to a monitoring system by using rotational energy at lower rotational speed and thus making a system self-sufficient energy supply system. Another main focus lies in the optimization of the failure rate in a system because of mechanical components. In this research project the theoretical approaches are checked by a suitable parameter frame in a real system. A fault tree analysis (FTA) was pulled up for the evaluation of the failure rate, to show potential failures and to validate these, we carried out other simulations by means of the Finite elements method (FEM).
System-on-Chip architectures are increasingly designed for safety-related purposes. As a very high level of interlocking of hard- and software is required for such specialized systems, different concepts for the softw...
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System-on-Chip architectures are increasingly designed for safety-related purposes. As a very high level of interlocking of hard- and software is required for such specialized systems, different concepts for the software composition are necessary. This paper investigates the benefits resulting from the utilization of a middleware which handles all low-level hardware access demanded by the application. Several measures recommended by standard IEC 61508 are implemented “quasi-automatically” if a certified middleware is used. In addition, the certification effort is drastically decreased if the implementation of main functionalities is based on certified, reused components. Another “side-effect” is the hiding of details concerning the system-on-chip and the operating system as the application always uses the middleware interfaces.
In this paper a complete safety controller on a single chip is introduced. The presented chip is a comprehensive solution that includes a certified application specific integrated circuit for safety-critical applicati...
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In this paper a complete safety controller on a single chip is introduced. The presented chip is a comprehensive solution that includes a certified application specific integrated circuit for safety-critical applications according to the safety standard IEC 61508, meeting the safety integrity level SIL3. Furthermore, a SIL3 operating system and a SIL3 middleware are also briefly presented in this paper. Based on the presented solution, the smallest certified safety controller represents an innovative product and allows system manufacturers to create safe solutions that are ready for certification.
This paper describes the implementation and integration process of a complete communication computer system on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). After such a design is reached, safety measures are integrated t...
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This paper describes the implementation and integration process of a complete communication computer system on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). After such a design is reached, safety measures are integrated to achieve a safety-related architecture. For this purpose a diagnostic unit will be implemented, consisting of hardware and software tests. Hardware tests are related to the control of the FPGA functionality. They are based on the integration of two existing methods to reach complete hardware test coverage. The software tests are used for a continuous testing of the whole system (this means testing the central processing unit, bus systems, peripherals and memory). Furthermore, a safety multiplexer is integrated with the task to turn off the current operating system (main system) and to turn on a redundant system when a failure is introduced via the diagnostic unit. The safety multiplexer has to give the permission to the redundant system to receive the outputs from the main system in a way that is free from faults. The microcontroller ColdFire is used as a basis, which provides numerous features for the control of various peripherals as well as the connection of various types of memory.
Due to the continuing development of semiconductor structures, it can be allowed nowadays to integrate faster and more efficient systems into a very small area of silicon. In such system-on-chip, all individual compon...
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Due to the continuing development of semiconductor structures, it can be allowed nowadays to integrate faster and more efficient systems into a very small area of silicon. In such system-on-chip, all individual components of a target control system can be integrated into a single silicon die at lowest level, which in turn contributes in saving the substantial space and reduces power consumption and production costs. With the consideration of the miniaturization of safety-related systems into system-on-chips, where usually complete redundant architectures along with memories and interfaces are integrated into small silicon structures, many advantages can be taken into account. These advantages extend to all levels of the development cycle. In the present paper, a concept for on-chip safety system architecture is presented briefly. Primarily, a qualitative evaluation and analysis of the presented architecture is explicitly focused and discussed. The evaluation and analysis is based on a comparison to a similar conventional discrete safety-related architecture.
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