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Budgetary and Redundancy Optimisation of Homogeneous Series-Parallel Systems Subject to Availability Constraints Using Matlab Implemented Genetic Computing

Budgetary and Redundancy Optimisation of Homogeneous Series-...

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IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference

作者： Walid Chaaban Michael Schwarz Josef Boercsoeck Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel

ISBN: (纸本)9781629935881

This paper deals with finding optimal structures and redundant safety designs with minimal costs for series-Parallel multi state system (MSS) configurations subject to availability constraints using genetic algorithms as optimisation mean, since these biologically inspired evolution concepts showed stability, powerfulness, and effectiveness in solving such complex combinatorial optimisation tasks. The routine has been written in Matlab and the tests have been performed using some test data belonging to already existing models (Levitin, Lisnianski, and Ouzineb).

关键词： Genetic Algorithms Series-Parallel Systems Optimisation Redundancy Allocation Problem (RAP) Multi State System (MSS) Universal Moment Generating Function (UMGF)

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A possible Approach for Determining Safety Parameters for Safety Integrated Circuits

A possible Approach for Determining Safety Parameters for Sa...

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International Conference on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies

作者： Josef Borcsok Peter Holub University Kassel Dep. of Computer Architecture and System Programming

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904297

The approach for calculating the failure rate of a safety integrated circuit is used if the number of available test patterns is not sufficient. The safety integrated circuit can be structured in function blocks, that can be functionally compared to semiconductors with discrete structure. Failure models already known and applied for discrete semiconductors can be used to determine the failure rate of the individual function blocks. These models with their known failure rates serve as a reference for the safety integrated circuit function blocks. An advantage of this approach is that the internal safety integrated circuit structure can be taken into consideration when calculating the failure probability. The paper is based on the principles of the generic standard IEC 61508 Edition 2, 2010-04. Because new technologies lack field experience and a basis for evaluating certain risks, a conservative approach to determining failure rates has been emphasized as set forth in SN 29500.

关键词： Safety integrated circuit Failure rate Probability of failure IEC 61508 Arrhenius eq. X~2 distribution Reliability block diagram

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Structural types for systems of equations

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Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation 2012年第2-4期25卷 275-310页

作者： Capper, John Nilsson, Henrik Functional Programming Lab School of Computer Science University of Nottingham NottinghamUK United Kingdom

Characterising a problem in terms of a system of equations is common to many branches of science and engineering. Due to their size, such systems are often described in a modular fashion by composition of individual equation system fragments. Checking the balance between the number of variables (unknowns) and equations is a common approach to early detection of mistakes that might render such a system unsolvable. However, current approaches to modular balance checking have a number of limitations. This paper investigates a more flexible approach that makes it possible to treat equation system fragments as true first-class entities. Furthermore, the approach handles so-called structurally dynamic systems, systems whose behaviour changes discretely and abruptly over time. The central idea is to record balance information in the type of an equation fragment. This information can then be used to determine if individual fragments are well formed, and if composing fragments preserves this property. The type system presented in this paper is developed in the context of Functional Hybrid Modelling (FHM). However, the key ideas are in no way specific to FHM, but should be applicable to any language featuring a notion of modular systems of equations, including systems with first-class components and structural dynamism. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013

关键词： First-class components Linear constraints Non-causal Refinement types Structural analysis Structurally dynamic modelling Systems of equations

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Reliable System Design with a High Degree of Diagnostic Procedures for Embedded Systems

Reliable System Design with a High Degree of Diagnostic Proc...

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IET Irish Signals and Systems Conference

作者： Michael H. Schwarz Josef Boercsoek Department of Safety Computer Technology University of Kassel Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel

ISBN: (纸本)9781629935881

Maintenance starts with reliable diagnostics. programming Logic Controllers (PLCs) are often equipped with a high degree of diagnostic procedures in order to ensure that the processing unit is functioning correctly. It is vital to verify that the system with its programme is still within a 'healthy' state, otherwise a safety function is called and the system is brought into a safe state, or if possible, defect and malfunctioning components are exchanged during operation and the process can continue without shutting down the system. However, when it comes to smaller devices such as intelligent sensors, embedded controller devices with the functionality of an e.g. PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative), predictive controller, filter or analytical algorithm, which is embedded into a FPGA or micro-controller then diagnostics and verification methods are often not considered in the way they should be. For example, if an intelligent sensor system is not able to diagnose that the sensor-head is malfunctioning, but the sensor-head still provides some data, then the smart algorithm bases its calculation on wrong data, which can cause a dangerous situation. This paper investigates and shows recent results to combine diagnostic methods for small scale devices. Several safety-related structures are considered with a high degree of diagnostic coverage. The paper presents relevant procedures and structures to increase the reliability of small devices without utilising a full scale microcontroller system.

关键词： Reliability Safety structure Maintenance Diagnosis

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PartialRC: A Partial Recomputing Method for Efficient Fault Recovery on GPGPUs

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Journal of computer Science & Technology 2012年第2期27卷 240-255页

作者：徐新海杨学军薛京灵林宇斐林一松 National Laboratory for Parallel and Distributed Processing School of ComputerNational University of Defense Technology Programming Languages and Compilers Group School of Computer Science and Engineering University of New South Wales

GPGPUs are increasingly being used to as performance accelerators for HPC （High Performance Computing） applications in CPU/GPU heterogeneous computing systems, including TianHe-1A, the world＇s fastest supercomputer in the TOP500 list, built at NUDT （National University of Defense Technology） last year. However, despite their performance advantages, GPGPUs do not provide built-in fault-tolerant mechanisms to offer reliability guarantees required by many HPC applications. By analyzing the SIMT （single-instruction, multiple-thread） characteristics of programs running on GPGPUs, we have developed PartialRC, a new checkpoint-based compiler-directed partial recomputing method, for achieving efficient fault recovery by leveraging the phenomenal computing power of GPGPUs. In this paper, we introduce our PartialRC method that recovers from errors detected in a code region by partially re-computing the region, describe a checkpoint-based faulttolerance framework developed on PartialRC, and discuss an implementation on the CUDA platform. Validation using a range of representative CUDA programs on NVIDIA GPGPUs against FullRC （a traditional full-recomputing Checkpoint-Rollback-Restart fault recovery method for CPUs） shows that PartialRC reduces significantly the fault recovery overheads incurred by FullRC, by 73.5% when errors occur earlier during execution and 74.6% when errors occur later on average. In addition, PartialRC also reduces error detection overheads incurred by FullRC during fault recovery while incurring negligible performance overheads when no fault happens.

关键词： GPGPU partial recomputing fault tolerance CUDA checkpointing

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Model-based dynamic optimization with openmodelica and CasADi

Model-based dynamic optimization with openmodelica and CasAD...

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7th IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control, AAC 2013

作者： Shitahun, Alachew Ruge, Vitalij Gebremedhin, Mahder Bachmann, Bernhard Eriksson, Lars Andersson, Joel Diehl, Moritz Fritzson, Peter PELAB-Programming Environment Lab Dept. Computer Science Linköping University SE-581 83Linköping Sweden Dept. Mathematics and Engineering University of Applied Sciences D-33609 Bielefeld Germany Vehicular Systems Dept. Electrical Engineering Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden K.U. Leuven Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783902823434

This paper demonstrates model-based dynamic optimization through the coupling of two open source tools: OpenModelica, which is a Modelica-based modeling and simulation platform, and CasADi, a framework for numerical optimization. The coupling uses a standardized XML format for exchange of differential-algebraic equations (DAE) models. OpenModelica supports export of models written in Modelica and the optimization language extension using this XML format, while CasADi supports import of models represented in this format. This allows users to define optimal control problems (OCP) using Modelica and optimization language specification, and solve the underlying model formulation using a range of optimization methods, including direct collocation and direct multiple shooting. The proposed solution has been tested on several industrially relevant optimal control problems, including a dieselelectric power train.

关键词： Optimization

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FPGA-based wireless sensor network platform for safety systems

FPGA-based wireless sensor network platform for safety syste...

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2012 19th International Conference on Telecommunications, ICT 2012

作者： Hayek, Ali Machmur, Bashier Suna, Yusuf Börcsök, Josef Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781467307475

Sensor communication applications not only require high performance processing but also flexible and reliable computing. Today, standard microprocessor systems are still application oriented and aren't suitable by implication for reliability-related and safety-related applications. In order to achieve a certain safety integrity level (SIL), several measures, methodologies and especially additional components should be considered, which leads to more and more complex systems. For this reason, new application devices should be targeted. In this context, reconfigurable devices such as SRAM-based Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGAs) provide a suitable solution due to their flexibility, and the necessary computing performance at affordable design cost and time. In fact, SRAM-Based FPGAs are nowadays frequently used in embedded communication systems due to their design flexibility and reconfigurability. This paper presents a prototyping platform for an FPGA-based safety-related communication system for a wireless sensor network. As a case study an acceleration sensor application is introduced. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Wireless sensor networks

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New algorithm to predict the residual number of critical software failure which based on imperfect debugging

New algorithm to predict the residual number of critical sof...

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11th International Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference and the Annual European Safety and Reliability Conference 2012, PSAM11 ESREL 2012

作者： Krini, Ossmane Börcsök, Josef Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781622764365

This scientific work presents a new method allowing to make a realistic prediction about software-reliability of critical systems. The main feature of this method enables the prediction of an estimate of the remaining critical number of faults in the software. The algorithm uses already known methods such as Imperfect Debugging. This method can provide an even more reliable prognosis than the conventional methods. Furthermore, the new method describes two processes for critical failures (detection and correction process). The new algorithm considers a time, which is called repair-time. This time is important for the reliably prognosis and it is mathematically described as a time-function and used in the prediction model. The software reliability models (SRM's) are used since the 70's, these software reliability models are based on stochastic and aiming to predict the reliability for the software and also for the hardware. SRM's are based on model assumptions, some of which cannot be applied anymore. Thus, for the reliability engineering today, these models are insufficient.

关键词： Software reliability

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Safe wireless communication for safety related systems with bluetooth technology

Safe wireless communication for safety related systems with ...

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11th International Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Conference and the Annual European Safety and Reliability Conference 2012, PSAM11 ESREL 2012

作者： Pendli, Pavan Kumar Schwarz, Michael Wacker, Hans-Dieter Boercsoek, Josef Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781622764365

This paper deals with achieving safe wireless communication for safety related systems with Bluetooth technology. In industries at present safe communication between the field bus/devices, PLC/controllers, and system/applications (SCADA, DCS and MES systems) is achieved using safe wired industrial communication protocols such as safe field buses or safe Ethernet. To achieve safe communication, there are certain safety methods, these methods are discussed in the European standard document EN 50159-2. Wired industrial communication protocols implement these methods to achieve safe communication. To determine safety, mathematical equations are derived, which are suitable for wired communication, and which takes into account only the bit errors present in the transmission channel. As there are both bit errors and erasures (loss of information) present in the wireless channel, the mathematical equations derived for wired communication should also take into account erasure of information for wireless communication. This paper derives the mathematical equations for wireless communication to determine the safety and with the implemented safety methods for Bluetooth technology;safety integrity level SIL3 achieved is shown.

关键词： Bluetooth

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Improving performance of all-to-all communication through loop scheduling in PGAS environments 13

Improving performance of all-to-all communication through lo...

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27th ACM International Conference on Supercomputing, ICS 2013

作者： Alvanos, Michail Tanase, Gabriel Farreras, Montse Tiotto, Ettore Amaral, José Nelson Martorell, Xavier Programming Models Barcelona Supercomputer Center Barcelona Spain IBM TJ Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY United States Dep. of Computer Architecture Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Static Compilation Technology IBM Toronto Laboratory Toronto ON Canada Dep. of Computing Science University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada IBM Canada CAS Research Markham ON Canada

No abstract available.

ISBN: (纸本)9781450321303

No abstract available.

关键词： unified parallel c partitioned global address space performance evaluation one-sided communication

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