In this paper we propose one explanation of why some novice programs are buggier than others. Central to our explanation is the notion of merged goals/plans in which multiple goals are achieved in a single integrated ...
ISBN:
(纸本)9780897911498
In this paper we propose one explanation of why some novice programs are buggier than others. Central to our explanation is the notion of merged goals/plans in which multiple goals are achieved in a single integrated plan. Our arguments are based on our theory of the knowledge — plans and goals — used by a novice in creating a program, and an analysis of actual buggy novice programs.
作者：
SINGH, RDProfessor of Economics
Illinois State University Normal Illinois 61761 USA. The author wishes to thank JULIA SYKES for her excellent help in data collection and analysis PYENG BARK for his work in computer programming and Professor M. MOREY for his thoughful comments and advice on the econometric models and the results. The computer work for this study was done at the Illinois State University Computer Center. The author is grateful to the Journal Editor(s) and the referee(s) for their constructive and valuable comments and suggestions. However the author alone is responsible for any remaining shortcoming.
This study evaluates the effect on growth of the nation's state economic intervention policy, a variable ignored by past studies, by budding and estimating a more complete growth model and using, for econometric a...
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This study evaluates the effect on growth of the nation's state economic intervention policy, a variable ignored by past studies, by budding and estimating a more complete growth model and using, for econometric analyses, a more recent data set from a broader spectrum of seventy-three LDCs (37 from Africa). The role of foreign aid and domestic savings with and without the state intervention variable in the model is also examined. Likelihood ratio tests showed that, while there was no significant structural variation across the African and non-African groups of LDCs, there had been a significant dynamic structural shift over time. The study finds empirical support for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
作者：
Lee, Chi‐Wen JevonsWharton School
University of Pennsylvania. This work was completed while the author was a Visiting Assistant Professor at the University of Chicago. Comments from Gene Fama and Shyam Sunder are appreciated. Also the author thanks Max Dennis for computer programming assistance.
The problem of automatic explanation of reasoning, especially as it relates to expert systems is examined. Explanation means the ability of a program to discuss what it is doing in some understandable way. A general f...
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The problem of automatic explanation of reasoning, especially as it relates to expert systems is examined. Explanation means the ability of a program to discuss what it is doing in some understandable way. A general framework in which to view explanation and review some of the research done in this area is presented. The explanation system for NEOMYCIN, a medical consultation program is studied. A consultation program interactively helps a user to solve a problem. Our goal is to have NEOMYCIN explain its problem-solving strategies. An explanation of strategy describes the plan the program is using to reach a solution. Such an explanation is usually concrete, referring to aspects of the current problem situation. Abstract explanations articulate a general principle, which can be applied in different situations;such explanations are useful in teaching and in explaining by analogy. The aspects of NEOMYCIN that make abstract strategic explanations possible, the representation of strategic knowledge explicitly and separately from domain knowledge and demonstrate how this representation can be used to generate explanations, is described.
The Arcturus system demonstrates several important principles that will characterize advanced Ada programming support environments. These include conceptual simplicity, tight coupling of tools, and effective command a...
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This paper describes the principles underlying an efficient implementation of a lazy functional language, compiling to code for ordinary computers. It is baaed on combinator-like graph reduction: the user defined func...
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In the past fifteen years, artificial intelligence scientists have built several signal interpretation, or understanding, programs. These programs have combined "low" level signal processing algorithms with ...
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In the past fifteen years, artificial intelligence scientists have built several signal interpretation, or understanding, programs. These programs have combined "low" level signal processing algorithms with knowledge representation and reasoning techniques used in knowledge-based, or expert, systems. [4] They have shown how the use of task domain knowledge combined with symbolic manipulation techniques can be of use in making signal understanding systems more effective and efficient. HASP/SIAP is one such program that tries to interpret the meaning of passively collected sonar data. In this paper we explore some of the AI techniques that contribute in the "understanding" process. We also describe the organization of HASP/SIAP system as an example of a programming framework that show promise for applications in a class of similar problems.
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