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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Levine, Daniel Rizvi, Syed Asad Lévy, Sacha Pallikkavaliyaveetil, Nazreen Zhang, David Chen, Xingyu Ghadermarzi, Sina Wu, Ruiming Zheng, Zihe Vrkic, Ivan Zhong, Anna Raskin, Daphne Han, Insu de Oliveira Fonseca, Antonio Henrique Caro, Josue Ortega Karbasi, Amin Dhodapkar, Rahul M. van Dijk, David Department of Computer Science Yale University New HavenCT United States School of Engineering Applied Science University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States School of Computer and Communication Sciences Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland Department of Neuroscience Yale School of Medicine New HavenCT United States Wu Tsai Institute Yale University New HavenCT United States Google United States Yale Institute for Foundations of Data Science New HavenCT United States Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science New HavenCT United States Roski Eye Institute University of Southern California Los AngelesCA United States Yale School of Medicine New HavenCT United States Cardiovascular Research Center Yale School of Medicine New HavenCT United States Interdepartmental Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT United States

We introduce Cell2Sentence (C2S), a novel method to directly adapt large language models to a biological context, specifically single-cell transcriptomics. By transforming gene expression data into"cell sentences," C2S bridges the gap between natural language processing and biology. We demonstrate cell sentences enable the finetuning of language models for diverse tasks in biology, including cell generation, complex cell-type annotation, and direct data-driven text generation. Our experiments reveal that GPT-2, when fine-tuned with C2S, can generate biologically valid cells based on cell type inputs, and accurately predict cell types from cell sentences. This illustrates that language models, through C2S finetuning, can acquire a significant understanding of single-cell biology while maintaining robust text generation capabilities. C2S offers a flexible, accessible framework to integrate natural language processing with transcriptomics, utilizing existing models and libraries for a wide range of biological applications. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Gene expression

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Learner Action Patterns in the Problem-Solving Process Related to program Code Composition Based on Tracking System Activities 7

Learner Action Patterns in the Problem-Solving Process Relat...

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7th International Conference on Informatics and Computing, ICIC 2022

作者： Syahidi, Aulia Akhrian Supianto, Ahmad Afif Hirashima, Tsukasa Watanobe, Yutaka Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin Smart City Information System Applied Undergraduate Program Banjarmasin City Indonesia Research Center for Data and Information Sciences Bandung City Indonesia Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Kagamiyama Learning Engineering Laboratory Higashihiroshima Japan University of Aizu Division of Information Systems Department of Computer Science and Engineering Fukushima AizuWakamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345711

Learning activities are an indicator of the learner's desire to learn during the learning process. The pattern of learner action is related to learning activities. In this case, in extracting the learning process, it is necessary to collect a lot of data through analysis of the learning process. The purpose of this study is to recommend and report the performance of an activity tracking system equipped with visual artifacts as an educational data mining approach to analyze action patterns when learners complete the arrangement of program code lines in each programming problem. In this study, data were taken from activity recordings when learners used interactive learning media for a basic programming subject called TOLSYASUPI-EduMed which had problem-solving learning models embedded in their interactions. Learning Analytics is used as a method of this research and data relationships from learner actions during the learning process using the 'if-then' rule. Log data is used for recording and detecting activities carried out by learners. We confirm that the results of the study are based on the findings of the data relationship that if the lines of program code are too long (more than five lines) then almost all learners experience a bottleneck condition. The completion time of each question and the number of iterations in completing the program code lines for each question have also been recorded and have a pattern of connection between the data. The information that has been obtained is then forwarded to teachers or stakeholders as key information to make appropriate feedback to learners based on the results as a means of analyzing and evaluating the programming learning process. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： data mining

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Position: Insights from Survey Methodology can Improve Training data

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Eckman, Stephanie Plank, Barbara Kreuter, Frauke Social Data Science Center University of Maryland College ParkMD United States LMU Munich Germany Computer Science Department IT University of Copenhagen Denmark LMU Munich Germany Institute for Statistics LMU Munich Germany Joint Program in Survey Methodology University of Maryland College ParkMD United States

Whether future AI models are fair, trustworthy, and aligned with the public’s interests rests in part on our ability to collect accurate data about what we want the models to do. However, collecting high-quality data is difficult, and few AI/ML researchers are trained in data collection methods. Recent research in data-centric AI has show that higher quality training data leads to better performing models, making this the right moment to introduce AI/ML researchers to the field of survey methodology, the science of data collection. We summarize insights from the survey methodology literature and discuss how they can improve the quality of training and feedback data. We also suggest collaborative research ideas into how biases in data collection can be mitigated, making models more accurate and human-centric. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： data acquisition

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Cryptocurrency Analysis using Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Cryptocurrency Analysis using Machine Learning and Deep Lear...

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2021 IEEE Signal Processing in Medicine and Biology Symposium, SPMB 2021

作者： Thomas, C. Watson, Z. Kim, M. Baidya, A. Lamsal, M. Chowdhury, M.H. Basnet, M. Poudel, K.N. East Central University Department of Mathematics and Computer Science AdaOK United States Middle Tennessee State University Computational Science Program MurfreesboroTN United States University of Memphis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MemphisTN United States Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Department of Mathematics and Data Science FL United States

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College Spread of COVID-19 in Ohio

College Spread of COVID-19 in Ohio

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International Conference on Computational science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)

作者： Akinkunle Akinola Akoh Atadoga Kimberlyn Brooks Vibhuti Chandna Robert C. Green Data Science Program Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH USA Dept. of Computer Science Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH USA

To determine whether Ohio college re-opening plans were effective in controlling the spread of COVID-19, cumulative case counts by county were gathered to compare various metrics related to the spread of COVID-19 cases between counties with NCAA colleges and counties without NCAA colleges. Various non-parametric statistical tests were used to determine if the samples were similar, and the analysis found the differences were statistically significant. Metropolitan and non-metropolitan groupings were also added to further subdivide the data set, but the analysis found no statistically significant differences in this case.

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Surgical Instrument Detection for Laparoscopic Surgery using Deep Learning 19

Surgical Instrument Detection for Laparoscopic Surgery using...

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19th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology, ECTI-CON 2022

作者： Boonkong, Apiwat Hormdee, Daranee Sonsilphong, Suphachoke Khampitak, Kovit Khon Kaen University Embedded System RandD Group Computer Engineering Khon Kaen Thailand Khon Kaen University Data Science and Health Informatics Program Academic Affairs Khon Kaen Thailand Khon Kaen University Faculty of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Khon Kaen Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781665485845

Laparoscopic surgery has transformed conventional open surgery. Robot-Assisted laparoscopic surgery which is minimally invasive is effective for operations in limited space. Nevertheless, the robotic system which is utilized in such surgery can inflict impair to the surgical instruments, organs, or tissues as a consequence of the narrow field of view and space available to operate, and insufficient tactile response. In laparoscopy, the surgeon observes what he operates via digital images which are displayed on a monitor. In addition to the surgeon's expertise, the image-guided surgery system could offer him significant support if that system is capable of understanding those images. computer Vision has been able to proceed due to the emergence of Machine Learning, and especially Deep Learning. This paper applies Deep Learning for surgical instrument detection for laparoscopic surgery. The fastest model, based on results trained on the COCO 2017 dataset on TensorFlow Framework, for each of 4 algorithms-Faster-RCNN, SSD, CenterNet and EfficientDet-from Model Zoo, along with YOLOv4 on Darknet Framework, have been investigated in this work. The evaluation metrics used are Precision, Recall and F1-score. The results reveal that each model plays its part well;however, YOLOv4 seemed to breakthrough this statement by offering grate result for all three accuracy metrics. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Laparoscopy

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Improvement of Jakarta's air quality during large scale social restriction 2

Improvement of Jakarta's air quality during large scale soci...

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2nd International Conference on Biospheric Harmony Advanced Research, ICOBAR 2020

作者： Rahutomo, R. Purwandari, K. Sigalingging, J.W.C. Pardamean, B. Information System Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Database Center Division of BMKG Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency Jakarta10720 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

After Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) established in Jakarta, a change of air quality was indicated by the citizens. Representatives of Indonesia's Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) supported as the fact that mobility of Jakarta's citizen and commuters were reduced. With utilizing Weather data Acquisition System managed by BMKG, this research compared fluctuations of Jakarta's air quality during two periods of time: Pre-PSBB and During-PSBB. This study proved that Jakarta's air quality has positively improved compared to the previous year, although in the lower range of unhealthy level. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Air quality

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SARA: Semantic-assisted Reinforced Active Learning for Entity Alignment

SARA: Semantic-assisted Reinforced Active Learning for Entit...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Ching-Hsuan Liu Chih-Ming Chen Jing-Kai Lou Ming-Feng Tsai Jiun-Lang Huang Chuan-Ju Wang Data Science Degree Program National Taiwan University Academia Sinica Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica KKCompany Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

This paper introduces SARA, a semantic-assisted reinforced active learning framework for enhancing entity alignment (EA) under limited supervision scenarios. SARA addresses the challenges of EA in real-world scenarios, including knowledge graph heterogeneity and limited training ground truth. SARA effectively selects valuable entity pairs with limited labeled data by combining reinforced active learning and semantic information. It utilizes a pair-wise language model based on Sentence-BERT to learn informative name embeddings that capture entity name semantics. These embeddings are combined with structural embeddings and trained using a novel semantic-assisted alignment loss. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets and a real-world dataset demonstrate the superiority of SARA over existing approaches, particularly in limited labeled data scenarios. The paper also provides insights into fine-tuning strategies, presents ablation studies, and conducts sensitivity analyses to validate the effectiveness of SARA.

关键词： Training Sensitivity analysis Semantics Neural networks Knowledge graphs Benchmark testing data models

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IoT for Water Quality Categorization

IoT for Water Quality Categorization

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International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS)

作者： Hermantoro Sastrohartono Andreas Wahyu Krisdiarto Arief Ika Uktoro Reza Rahutomo Teddy Suparyanto Bens Pardamean Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta Indonesia Information System Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

In agricultural water research, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has emerged as a pivotal approach for large-scale data collection. Water availability in the context of water quality is very important, both for domestic and industrial purposes. For domestic purposes, drinking water and bathing water are separated. Meanwhile, for the palm oil industry, boiler filler is differentiated from additional process water (dilution water). Water quality parameters can be assessed from turbidity and Total Dissolve Solid (TDS). Measurements using measuring instruments separately and repeatedly require significant energy, time, and costs. This research was conducted with the primary objective of presenting a novel method for categorizing water quality with the approach of IoT sensor technology. The research methodology entailed the utilization of an integrated IoT water sensors system in conjunction with manual water categorization. The methods consist of (1) system design, (2) design and installation of sensor and IoT-based microcontrollers, and (3) accuracy and precision testing compared with laboratory measurements. The precision of the integrated IoT water sensors was assessed through a dedicated sensor precision test, resulting in an accuracy rate of 94.4% for the turbidity sensor and 97.5% for the TDS sensor. Notably, this approach successfully discriminated drinking water with valid categorization, while other water types, including groundwater, water with tea, and water with coffee, yielded null categorization results.

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College Spread of COVID-19 in Ohio

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Akinola, Akinkunle Brooks, Kimberlyn Atadoga, Akoh Chandna, Vibhuti Green, Robert C. Data Science Program Bowling Green State University Bowling GreenOH United States Department of Computer Science Bowling Green State University Bowling GreenOH United States

Cumulative COVID-19 case counts by county in Ohio were gathered and combined with population data from the Census Bureau and student enrollment by county from the Integrated Postsecondary Education data System (IPEDS) for colleges or universities that compete in NCAA sports. Monthly median percent increases, monthly average percent increases, and average cases per 100k of COVID cases between counties with colleges and counties without colleges were calculated. The Wilcoxon test was used to determine if the samples were similar, and the analysis found the differences were statistically significant. Metro and non-metro groupings were added to the average cases per 100k to further subdivide the data set. Analysis found no statistically significant differences. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： COVID-19

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