In this work, we investigate the likelihood of association between realtime, TeV-PeV energy neutrino alerts from IceCube and optical counterparts in the form of core-collapse supernovae (CC SNe). The optical follow-up...
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The microstructure of a material intimately affects the performance of a device made from this material. The microstructure, in turn, is affected by the processing pathway used to fabricate the device. This forms the ...
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The microstructure of a material intimately affects the performance of a device made from this material. The microstructure, in turn, is affected by the processing pathway used to fabricate the device. This forms the process–structure–property triangle that is central to material science. There has been increasing interest to comprehensively understand and subsequently exploit process–structure–property (PSP) relationships to design processing pathways that result in tailored microstructures exhibiting optimal properties. However, unraveling process–structure–property relationships usually requires systematic and tedious combinatorial search of process and system variables to identify the microstructures that are produced. This is further complicated by the necessity to interrogate the properties of the huge set of corresponding microstructures. Motivated by this challenge, we focus on developing a generic methodology to establish and explore PSP pathways. We leverage recent advances in high performance computing (HPC) and high throughput computing (HTC) with the premise that a domain expert should be able to focus on domain specific PSP problems while the highly specialized HPC/HTC knowledge needed to approach such problems should be hidden from the domain expert. Our hypothesis is that PSP exploration can be naturally formulated in terms of a standard paradigm in cloud computing, namely the MapReduce programming model. We show how reformulating PSP exploration into a MapReduce workflow enables us to take advantage of advances in cloud computing while requiring minimal specialized knowledge of HPC. We illustrate this generic approach by exploring PSP relationships relevant to organic photovoltaics. We focus on identifying microstructural traits that correlate with specific properties of the photovoltaic process: exciton generation, exciton dissociation and charge generation. We integrate a graph-based microstructure characterization tool, and a microstructure-aware
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Although causes of asthma may directly related to environment factors such as dust mites, pollens, cold air, etc.,we would like to find out if demographic, soci...
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Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Although causes of asthma may directly related to environment factors such as dust mites, pollens, cold air, etc.,we would like to find out if demographic, social and behavior factors also play a role. In this paper, we present a study of the behavioral rick factors in relation to people getting asthma. This study applies data mining techniques to the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) dataset of over 490,000 observations with 336 variables. The results reveal some relationships between some of these variables and asthma that may help asthma prevention.
Background: Embryo selection procedure is one of the critical success factors in in vitro fertilization treatment. Various embryo selection technologies have emerged within the past decade. These technologies are eit...
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Background: Embryo selection procedure is one of the critical success factors in in vitro fertilization treatment. Various embryo selection technologies have emerged within the past decade. These technologies are either used in combination with morphology or introduced to replace the conventional morphological evaluation. This review aims at investigating the effect of these novel embryo selection technologies on in vitro fertilization success rates. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was performed among full-text English articles in the PubMed database. Study selection was based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical effectiveness of the selected studies was measured in terms of implantation, pregnancy, live birth, and multiple pregnancy rates. Results: Five studies were identified that fitted the inclusion criteria. In these studies, researchers used aneuploidy screening, metabolomic profiling, and time-lapse imaging analysis as the new technologies. Among these studies, the one that conducted a randomized controlled trial of a commercial time-lapse imaging system demonstrated significant improvement in implantation rate. Conclusion: Studies using emerging technologies for embryo assessment provide promising results in retrospective analysis. On the other hand, randomized controlled trial studies that test the efficacy of novel embryo selection techniques in clinical practice failed to demonstrate a consistent improvement in the resulting success rates. This review provides a snapshot of the most recent literature on embryo assessment and embryo selection studies. Our findings show that there is a lack of comparative measurements and analyses that are able to assess benefits of the novel technologies in the field of embryo selection.
In the version of the article published, the author list is not accurate. Igor Cima and Min-Han Tan should have been authors, appearing after Mark Wong in the author list, while Paul Jongjoon Choi should not have been...
In the version of the article published, the author list is not accurate. Igor Cima and Min-Han Tan should have been authors, appearing after Mark Wong in the author list, while Paul Jongjoon Choi should not have been listed as an author. Igor Cima and Min-Han Tan both have the affiliation Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore, Singapore, and their contributions should have been noted in the Author Contributions section as "I.C. preprocessed Primary Cell Atlas data with inputs from M.-H.T." The following description of the contribution of Paul Jongjoon Choi should not have appeared: "P.J.C. supported the smFISH experiments." In the 'RCA: global panel' section of the Online Methods, the following sentence should have appeared as the second sentence, "An expression atlas of human primary cells (the Primary Cell Atlas) was preprocessed similarly to in ref. 55," with new reference 55 (Cima, I. et al. Tumor-derived circulating endothelial cell clusters in colorectal cancer. science Transl. Med. 8, 345ra89, 2016).
Traditionally, the assessment and learning science commu-nities rely on different paradigms to model student performance. The assessment community uses Item Response Theory which allows modeling different student abil...
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Traditionally, the assessment and learning science commu-nities rely on different paradigms to model student performance. The assessment community uses Item Response Theory which allows modeling different student abilities and problem difficulties, while the learning science community uses Knowledge Tracing, which captures skill acquisition. These two paradigms are complementary - IRT cannot be used to model student learning, while Knowledge Tracing assumes all students and problems are the same. Recently, two highly related models based on a principled synthesis of IRT and Knowledge Tracing were introduced. However, these two models were evaluated on different data sets, using different evaluation metrics and with different ways of splitting the data into training and testing sets. In this paper we reconcile the models' results by presenting a unified view of the two models, and by evaluating the models under a common evaluation metric. We find that both models are equivalent and only differ in their training procedure. Our results show that the combined IRT and Knowledge Tracing models offer the best of assessment and learning sciences - high prediction accuracy like the IRT model, and the ability to model student learning like Knowledge Tracing.
T helper 17 (TH17) lymphocytes protect mucosal barriers from infections, but also contribute to multiple chronic inflammatory diseases. Their differentiation is controlled by RORγt, a ligand-regulated nuclear recepto...
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