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Monitoring COVID-19 environment: a real-time facial mask detection using YOLO models

Research on Biomedical engineering 2025年第1期41卷 1-18页

作者： Pandiyan, P. Thangaraj, Rajasekaran V, Balasubramanian V. K, Manavalasundaram S, Balakrishnan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nandha Engineering College Erode India Department of Information Technology Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Erode India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology Coimbatore India

Purpose: The rapid spread of COVID-19 has resulted in significant harm and impacted tens of millions of people globally. In order to prevent the transmission of the virus, individuals often wear masks as a protective measure for themselves and others. Coronavirus protection guidelines have been published by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to WHO standards, COVID-19 can be prevented by wearing a mask in public places and congested regions. In these places, it is very difficult to personally check to see if people are wearing face masks or not. Methods: The objective of this research work is to build a powerful, efficient, and real-time approach for detecting people not wearing masks. Three cutting-edge object identification models, namely YOLOv4, Tiny-YOLOv4, and YOLOv5, are employed in this study for the identification of masked faces. Result: The proposed YOLOv5 model is evaluated using real-time images captured using a smartphone or tablet. The test images include both single and multiple people with and without masks. The YOLOv5 model achieved recognition accuracy of 88.90% with an average detection speed of 0.0316 s per image, whereas the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4 produced recognition accuracy of 82.24% and 74.80% with an average detection speed of 0.0530 s and 0.0541 s per image, respectively. Conclusion: The comparative performance suggests that the YOLOv5 model has a maximum recognition accuracy of 88.90% in face mask identification tasks compared to other models such as the YOLOv4 and Tiny-YOLOv4. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： COVID-19

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COVID-19 emergency decision-making using q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set,differential evolutionary and evidential reasoning techniques

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2025年第1期40卷 182-206页

作者： G Punnam Chander Sujit Das Department of Computer science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004India

In this paper,a robust and consistent COVID-19 emergency decision-making approach is proposed based on q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set(q-RLDFS),differential evolutionary(DE)optimization principles,and evidential reasoning(ER)*** proposed approach uses q-RLDFS in order to represent the evaluating values of the alternatives corresponding to the *** optimization is used to obtain the optimal weights of the attributes,and ER methodology is used to compute the aggregated q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy values(q-RLDFVs)of each *** the score values of alternatives are computed based on the aggregated *** alternative with the maximum score value is selected as a better *** applicability of the proposed approach has been illustrated in COVID-19 emergency decision-making system and sustainable energy planning ***,we have validated the proposed approach with a numerical ***,a comparative study is provided with the existing models,where the proposed approach is found to be robust to perform better and consistent in uncertain environments.

关键词： COVID-19 q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set differential evolutionary evidential reasoning decision-making

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Enhancing Predictive Capabilities for Cyber Physical Systems Through Supervised Learning

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第16期49卷 77-86页

作者： Dhanalakshmi, B. Tamije Selvy, P. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dr.N.G. P Institute of technology India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology India

The rapid advancement and proliferation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) have led to an exponential increase in the volume of data generated continuously. Efficient classification of this streaming data is crucial for predicting system behaviors and enabling proactive decision-making. This research aims to extract actionable knowledge from the continuous data streams of CPS and predict their behavior using advanced supervised learning algorithms. The predictions facilitate timely interventions and necessary actions within the interconnected physical network. The background of this work lies in the intersection of CPS, machine learning, and data stream mining. Traditional batch processing methods are inadequate for real-time analysis of CPS data due to their inherent latency and computational inefficiency. This research employs state-of-the-art techniques for real-time data processing, including incremental learning, sliding window models, and ensemble methods tailored for streaming data. Our approach differs from existing works by focusing on a comprehensive framework that integrates real-time data ingestion, preprocessing, feature extraction, and model updating in a seamless pipeline. Unlike previous studies that often rely on static datasets and offline analysis, our method ensures continuous learning and adaptation to evolving data patterns. Comparative analysis with existing techniques demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy, latency, and scalability. Specifically, our models achieved an average classification accuracy of 92%, with a precision of 90%, recall of 89%, and an F1 score of 89.5%. These metrics indicate significant improvements over traditional batch processing methods, which typically lag in responsiveness and adaptability. This research provides a robust and efficient solution for the real-time classification of streaming data from CPS, enhancing the system's ability to predict behaviors and take necessary actions promptly. © 2025 Slov

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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Facial Expression Recognition with High Response-Based Local Directional Pattern (HR-LDP) Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2067-2086页

作者： Sherly Alphonse Harshit Verma School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiIndia

Although lots of research has been done in recognizing facial expressions,there is still a need to increase the accuracy of facial expression recognition,particularly under uncontrolled *** use of Local Directional Patterns(LDP),which has good characteristics for emotion detection has yielded encouraging *** innova-tive end-to-end learnable High Response-based Local Directional Pattern(HR-LDP)network for facial emotion recognition is implemented by employing fixed convolutional filters in the proposed *** combining learnable convolutional layers with fixed-parameter HR-LDP layers made up of eight Kirsch filters and derivable simulated gate functions,this network considerably minimizes the number of network *** cost of the parameters in our fully linked layers is up to 64 times lesser than those in currently used deep learning-based detection *** seven well-known databases,including JAFFE,CK+,MMI,SFEW,OULU-CASIA and MUG,the recognition rates for seven-class facial expression recognition are 99.36%,99.2%,97.8%,60.4%,91.1%and 90.1%,*** results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed work over cutting-edge techniques.

关键词： Emotion classification CNN network HR-LDP

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Microgrids with day-ahead energy forecasting for efficient energy management in smart grids: hybrid CS-RERNN

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Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics engineering 2024年第3期21卷 213-227页

作者： Shirley, C.P. Pattar, Jagannath Kavitha Rani, P. Saini, Sumit Ranga, Jarabala Elangovan, D. Venkatakrishna Reddy, Ch. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Madanapalle India Department of M.Tech Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Department of Electrical Engineering School of Engineering & Technology Central University of Haryana Mahendergarh India Detartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ramachandra College of Engineering Eluru India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Panimalar Engineering College Chennai India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chaitanya Bharathi institute of technology Hyderabad India

By integrating smart grid technology with home energy management systems, households can monitor and optimise their energy consumption. This allows for more efficient use of energy resources, reducing waste and lowering energy bills. In this manuscript, a hybrid approach is proposed for smart grid home energy management with microgrids and day-ahead energy forecasts. The proposed control approach combines the Circle Search (CS) algorithm and Recalling-Enhanced Recurrent Neural Network (RERNN). Commonly it is named as CS-RERNN technique. The novelty of this paper is to optimise energy consumption and production within microgrids, thereby contributing to the overall efficiency of the smart grid system. The proposed method is used to reduce the electricity cost, peak-to-average ratio (PAR), and maximising consumer comfort. Energy management is performed based on the CS algorithm. A smart home connected to the external power grid (PG) is managed by the proposed method. Here, load demand is predicted by using RERNN. By then, the performance of the proposed method is implemented in MATLAB platform. The proposed method shows a high efficiency of 96%, and 22 $ of low electricity bill cost compared with other existing methods such as Particle swarm optimisation (PSO), Cuckoo search algorithm (CSA, and Border collie Optimisation (BCO). ©, Engineers Australia.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Early Breast Cancer Prediction Using Machine-Learning Algorithms

Early Breast Cancer Prediction Using Machine-Learning Algori...

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2024 International Conference on Advances in Data engineering and Intelligent Computing Systems, ADICS 2024

作者： Abirami, S. Sri Vignesh, R.B. Srihariprasath, V. Mathialahan, U. Yaswanth, T.S. Computer Science And Engineering Sri Krishna College Of Engineering And Technology India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364828

Breast cancer poses a significant global health challenge, affecting millions of women each year and leading to substantial cancer-related deaths. Early detection is crucial, particularly in regions with limited resources and inefficient healthcare systems where late-stage diagnoses are common. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel approach that employs machine-learning algorithms for early breast cancer prediction. Our model integrates a diverse ensemble of machine-learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Decision Tree Classifier. This ensemble harnesses the collective predictive power of these algorithms to distinguish between benign and malignant tumor types, enabling early diagnosis and prompt intervention. Furthermore, our approach enhances predictive capabilities by incorporating Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and additional KNN algorithms. Each algorithm contributes unique strengths to the ensemble: SVM excels in identifying complex data relationships, Logistic Regression offers interpretability, Random Forest handles large datasets and captures intricate patterns, while KNN adapts well to irregular decision boundaries. By leveraging the strengths of these diverse algorithms, our proposed system provides a more comprehensive and accurate breast cancer prediction model. Through ensemble learning, we mitigate individual algorithm weaknesses and improve predictive performance, thereby advancing the effectiveness of early breast cancer detection and ultimately improving patient outcomes. Keywords: Machine Learning, Breast Cancer Prediction, Ensemble Learning, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Tree Classifier, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Early Detection, Healthcare Systems © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Learning systems

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Segmentation Based Real Time Anomaly Detection and Tracking Model for Pedestrian Walkways

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第6期36卷 2491-2504页

作者： B.Sophia D.Chitra Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatoreTamilnaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering P.A College of Engineering and TechnologyPollachiTamilnaduIndia

Presently,video surveillance is commonly employed to ensure security in public places such as traffic signals,malls,railway stations,etc.A major chal-lenge in video surveillance is the identification of anomalies that exist in it such as crimes,thefts,and so ***,the anomaly detection in pedestrian walkways has gained significant attention among the computer vision communities to enhance pedestrian *** recent advances of Deep Learning(DL)models have received considerable attention in different processes such as object detec-tion,image classification,*** this aspect,this article designs a new Panoptic Feature Pyramid Network based Anomaly Detection and Tracking(PFPN-ADT)model for pedestrian *** proposed model majorly aims to the recognition and classification of different anomalies present in the pedestrian walkway like vehicles,skaters,*** proposed model involves panoptic seg-mentation model,called Panoptic Feature Pyramid Network(PFPN)is employed for the object recognition *** object classification,Compact Bat Algo-rithm(CBA)with Stacked Auto Encoder(SAE)is applied for the classification of recognized *** ensuring the enhanced results better anomaly detection performance of the PFPN-ADT technique,a comparison study is made using Uni-versity of California San Diego(UCSD)Anomaly data and other benchmark data-sets(such as Cityscapes,ADE20K,COCO),and the outcomes are compared with the Mask Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network(RCNN)and Faster Convolu-tional Neural Network(CNN)*** simulation outcome demonstrated the enhanced performance of the PFPN-ADT technique over the other methods.

关键词： Panoptic segmentation object detection deep learning tracking model anomaly detection pedestrian walkway

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Using DTL-MD with GANs and ResNet for Malicious Code Detection

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第14期49卷 63-78页

作者： Li, Yiming Xie, Tao Mei, Dongdong Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Ningxia Institute of Science and Technology Shizuishan753000 China

This study proposes a malicious code detection model DTL-MD based on deep transfer learning, which aims to improve the detection accuracy of existing methods in complex malicious code and data scarcity. In the feature extraction process, the weighted sum method of GIST and LBP features is used to combine the advantages of the two features. Online transfer learning is used to reduce the data distribution difference between the target domain and the source domain. The model uses ResNet50V2 as the backbone network and combines SimAM to enhance the feature extraction and representation capabilities. In addition, in order to further improve the robustness of detection, GAN is used to generate malicious code variants and expand the training data set. In the experiment, the public CICIDS 2017 data set is used for model training and testing. The performance test results show that when the threshold is 0.7, the accuracy of DTL-MD is 95.8% and the F1 score is 0.93. In a performance test involving 30,000 samples, the throughput of the DTL-MD model under Trojans, viruses, worms, and adware is 11, 12, 11, and 12 tasks/s, respectively, and the inference time is 211, 225, 239, and 234 samples/s, respectively. Compared with GAN, DTL-MD increases the throughput by about 10% and the inference speed by about 15%. The research aims to provide new ideas for improving the intelligence and automation level of malicious code detection technology, which has certain application value and practical significance. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Feature Selection

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A novel hybrid authentication protocol utilizing lattice-based cryptography for IoT devices in fog networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第4期10卷 989-1000页

作者： Kumar Sekhar Roy Subhrajyoti Deb Hemanta Kumar Kalita Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal Institute of Technology BengaluruManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipal576104KarnatakaIndia Department of Computer Science&Engineering ICFAI UniversityAgartala799210India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Central Institute of TechnologyKokrajhar783370India

The Internet of Things(IoT)has taken the interconnected world by *** to their immense applicability,IoT devices are being scaled at exponential proportions ***,very little focus has been given to securing such *** these devices are constrained in numerous aspects,it leaves network designers and administrators with no choice but to deploy them with minimal or no security at *** have seen distributed denial-ofservice attacks being raised using such devices during the infamous Mirai botnet attack in *** we propose a lightweight authentication protocol to provide proper access to such *** have considered several aspects while designing our authentication protocol,such as scalability,movement,user registration,device registration,*** define the architecture we used a three-layered model consisting of cloud,fog,and edge *** have also proposed several pre-existing cipher suites based on post-quantum cryptography for evaluation and *** also provide a fail-safe mechanism for a situation where an authenticating server might fail,and the deployed IoT devices can self-organize to keep providing services with no human *** find that our protocol works the fastest when using ring learning with *** prove the safety of our authentication protocol using the automated validation of Internet security protocols and applications *** conclusion,we propose a safe,hybrid,and fast authentication protocol for authenticating IoT devices in a fog computing environment.

关键词： Internet of things Authentication Post-quantum cryptography Lattice-based cryptography Cloud computing Fog computing Fail-safe

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A verifiable multi-secret image sharing scheme based on DNA encryption

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第4期84卷 1967-1983页

作者： Chattopadhyay, Arup Kumar Saha, Sanchita Nag, Amitava Singh, Jyoti Prakash Department of Computer Science and Engineering Central Institute of Technology Kokrajhar Kokrajhar India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Patna Bihar Patna India

A multi-secret image sharing (MSIS) scheme facilitates the secure distribution of multiple images among a group of participants. Several MSIS schemes have been proposed with a (n, n) structure that encodes secret input images into n share images. This encoding ensures that if a subset of participants collude, no information about the secret images can be revealed. The secret images can only be recovered if all participants cooperate. Most of these schemes are built using basic Boolean operations, primarily XOR operations. MSIS schemes that rely on Boolean logic offer various benefits compared to other methods, such as the ability to recover data without any loss, no increase in pixel size, and efficient computation. This article presents a verifiable MSIS scheme that relies on a secure two-variable one-way function and a secure hash function. The scheme allows for independent verification of both the dealer and the participants to detect any cheating attempts. The proposed scheme utilizes the Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) encryption technique to leverage the inherent benefits of DNA computing, such as enhanced security, fast computation, minimal storage needs, and low power usage. The share images produced by the proposed scheme exhibit an average entropy of 7.99, indicating that the generated 8-bit share images are completely random. Additionally, the correlation coefficient is approximately 0.005, suggesting that neighboring pixels in the images are not related to each other. The proposed scheme can detect any instance of cheating, whether it is done by the dealer or by a participant. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： DNA

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