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Research on Biomedical engineering 2025年第2期41卷 1-19页

作者： A, Padmashree Sankar, P. Alkhayyat, Ahmad Muniyandy, Elangovan Department of Computer Science and Business Systems Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Sathyamangalam India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu Chennai India Applied Science Research Center Applied Science Private University Amman Jordan

Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive framework for the analysis of brain tumor images, addressing the complexities of detection, segmentation, and classification. Given the intricate nature of brain anatomy and tumor variability, the study aims to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of brain tumor diagnosis using advanced imaging and processing techniques. Methods: The framework utilizes Brain Tumor Segmentation (BraTS) 2019 and 2020 datasets, applying an AMW-PM filter to enhance image quality. Tumor segmentation employs a slimmable transformer with hybrid axial attention for precision. Classification uses similarity navigated graph neural networks (SNGNNs), optimized with the crayfish algorithm (CFO) to minimize loss and enhance performance. Results: The framework’s effectiveness was validated using key performance metrics, showing significant improvements in tumor detection and classification. The combination of advanced segmentation techniques and the SNGNN classifier, optimized by the CFO, led to a fivefold increase in diagnostic accuracy. These improvements demonstrated a substantial enhancement in the model's ability to correctly identify tumor types and provide reliable outputs for clinical use. Conclusion: The proposed framework delivers a robust solution for brain tumor analysis, integrating cutting-edge techniques for image processing, segmentation, and classification. The results not only highlight improvements in diagnostic accuracy but also contribute to better clinical decision-making in managing brain tumors. This framework sets the foundation for future advancements in brain tumor diagnostics. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of Biomedical engineering 2025.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Knowledge Leaks in Data-Driven Business Models? Exploring Different Types of Knowledge Risks and Protection Measures

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Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research 2024年第3期76卷 357-396页

作者： Fruhwirth, Michael Pammer-Schindler, Viktoria Thalmann, Stefan Know-Center GmbH Institute for Interactive Systems and Data Science Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Silicon Austria Labs GmbH Business Analytics and Data Science-Center (BANDAS-Center) School of Business Economics and Social Sciences University of Graz

Data-driven business models imply the inter-organisational exchange of data or similar value objects. Data science methods enable organisations to discover patterns and eventually knowledge from data. Further, by training machine learning models, knowledge is materialised in those models. Thus, organisations might risk the exposure of competitive knowledge by sharing data-related value objects, such as data, models or predictions. Although knowledge risks have been studied in traditional business models, little research has been conducted in the direction of data-driven business models. In this explorative qualitative study, we conducted 28 expert interviews in three rounds (two exploratory and one evaluatory) and identified five types of risks along the three basic types of value objects: data, models and predictions. These risks depend on the context, i.e., when competitive knowledge could be discovered from shared value objects. We found that those risks can be mitigated by technology, contractual regulations, trusted relationships, and adjusting the business model design. In this study, we show that the risk of knowledge leakage is a relevant risk factor in data-driven business models. Overall, knowledge risks should be considered already during business model design, and their management requires an interdisciplinary approach via a balanced assessment. The level of knowledge protection from a technology perspective highly depends on computer science innovations and thus is a moving target. As an outlook, we suggest that knowledge risk will become even more relevant with the extensive usage of machine learning and artificial intelligence in data-driven business models. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Business model innovation Data analytics Data-driven business models Knowledge risks Risk management Value objects

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Supervised Local Training With Backward Links for Deep Neural Networks

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第2期5卷 854-867页

作者： Guo, Wenzhe Fouda, Mohammed E. Eltawil, Ahmed M. Salama, Khaled Nabil King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Division of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia University of California Center for Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems IrvineCA92612 United States

The restricted training pattern in the standard backpropagation (BP) requires end-to-end error propagation, causing large memory costs and prohibiting model parallelization. Existing local training methods aim to resolve the training obstacles by completely cutting off the backward path between modules and isolating their gradients. These methods prevent information exchange between modules and result in inferior performance. This work proposes a novel local training algorithm, BackLink, which introduces intermodule backward dependence and facilitates information to flow backward along with the network. To preserve the computational advantage of local training, BackLink restricts the error propagation length within the module. Extensive experiments performed in various deep convolutional neural networks demonstrate that our method consistently improves the classification performance of local training algorithms over other methods. For example, our method can surpass the conventional greedy local training method by 6.45% in accuracy in ResNet32 classifying CIFAR100 and recent work by 2.58% in ResNet110 classifying STL-10 with much lower complexity. Analysis of computational costs reveals that small overheads are incurred in GPU memory costs and runtime on multiple GPUs. Our method can lead up to a 79% reduction in memory cost and 52% in simulation runtime in ResNet110 compared to the standard BP. Therefore, our method could create new opportunities for improving training algorithms toward better efficiency for real-time learning applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Computational Investigation of Multiband EMNZ Metamaterial Absorber for Terahertz Applications

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computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3905-3920页

作者： Ismail Hossain Md Samsuzzaman Mohd Hafiz Baharuddin Norsuzlin Binti Mohd Sahar Mandeep Singh Jit Singh Mohammad Tariqul Islam Space Science Center Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600UKM BangiSelangorMalaysia Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and EngineeringPatuakhali Science and Technology UniversityBangladesh Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaMalaysia

This study presents an Epsilon Mu near-zero(EMNZ)nanostructured metamaterial absorber(NMMA)for visible regime *** resonator and dielectric layers are made of tungsten(W)and quartz(fused),where the working band is expanded by changing the resonator layer’s *** to perfect impedance matching with plasmonic resonance characteristics,the proposed NMMA structure is achieved an excellent absorption of 99.99%at 571 THz,99.50%at 488.26 THz,and 99.32%at 598 THz *** absorption mechanism is demonstrated by the theory of impedance,electric field,and power loss density distributions,*** geometric parameters are explored and analyzed to show the structure’s performance,and a near-field pattern is used to explain the absorption mechanism at the resonance frequency *** numerical analysis method describes that the proposed structure exhibited more than 80%absorbability between 550 and 900 *** computer Simulation Technology(CST Microwave Studio 2019)software is used to design the proposed ***,CSTHFSS interference is validated by the simulation data with the help of the finite element method(FEM).The proposed NMMA structure is also exhibits glucose concentration sensing capability as *** the proposed broadband absorber may have a potential application in THz sensing,imaging(MRI,thermal,color),solar energy harvesting,light modulators,and optoelectronic devices.

关键词： Metamaterial absorber terahertz applications multiband EM near zero nanostructured visible regime applications

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Edge-Cloud Enabled Smart Sensing Applications with Personalized Federated Learning in IoT

Edge-Cloud Enabled Smart Sensing Applications with Personali...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Mao, Yingchi Rong, Yi Wang, Jiajun Wang, Zibo He, Xiaoming Wu, Jie Hohai University College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Nanjing China Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunication College of Internet of Things Nanjing China Temple University Center for Networked Computing Philadelphia United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

The rapid development of deep learning technologies and the widespread deployment of sensing devices have brought considerable attention to Internet of Things (IoT). The smart sensing application is one of the popular applications in IoT. Personalized Federated Learning (pFL) is a replacement to traditional Federated Learning (FL) to tackle the statistical heterogeneity of clients' private datasets (e.g., non-Independent and Identically (non-IID) data). However, existing pFL methods encounter two challenges in smart sensing applications: a) the global model preference, causing poor global model performance for minority classes on sensing device data. b) the dynamic role differences in each hierarchy of the layer-stacked deep learning model that needs to be considered. Jointly considering these challenges, we present a novel edge-cloud enabled pFL framework named pFL-Sensing for smart sensing applications. Specifically, the sensing device serves as an edge server. Each edge server produces a customized model through two phases: a model training phase and a model aggregation phase. In the model training phase, we design a novel loss function to alleviate the issue of the global model preference. In the model aggregation phase, hierarchical aggregation and an Adaptive Weight Calculation (AWC) mechanism are proposed to capture the dynamic role differences of model hierarchies. We perform simulation experiments on real image and text classification tasks. Experimental results show that pFL-Sensing demonstrates higher classification accuracy than advanced pFL baselines. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Comprehensive Study on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Animal Husbandry

A Comprehensive Study on the Role of Artificial Intelligence...

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2023 Intelligent Computing and Control for engineering and Business systems, ICCEBS 2023

作者： Surya Deveswar Reddy, Kovvuri Uday Shaik, Ayesha Balasundaram, A. Nivedita, M. Ram Kakarla, Lakshmi Sai Nithin, Mattapally Sai School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Center for Cyber Physical Systems Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394580

Distinguishing the breeds of animals is one of the major examination areas in animal welfare. Recognition of animal breeds demands numerous determining elements which are necessary to be explored and following classification of variety. Animals such as cows, buffaloes, sheep, goats, and other diverse creatures play a huge role in the production of milk, and sometimes meat. Every creature has different species and provide unique benefits which contribute a lot to the Indian economy. India is currently holding the first rank in milk export. Hence, it is compulsory to introduce automated methods that will differentiate breeds of various species. In addition, identifying diseases that effected to animals is also an important area related to animal protection and it is necessary to automate the detection as it would be effective for identify the diseases in primary stages. This paper carries out a full-scale study on how deep learning techniques are used in animal husbandry. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Animal Breeds Automate Methods Classification Deep learning Diseases Machine Learning

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A Semisupervised Soft-Sensor of Just-in-Time Learning With Structure Entropy Clustering and Applications for Industrial Processes Monitoring

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2023年第4期4卷 722-733页

作者： Li, Dong Liu, Yiqi Huang, Daoping Xu, Chong South China University of Technology Key Laboratory of Autonomous Systems and Networked Control Ministry of Education School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Technical University of Denmark Process and Systems Engineering Center Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Lyngby2800 Denmark South China University of Technology School of Automation Science and Engineering Guangzhou510640 China Gannan Normal University School of Physics and Electronic Information Ganzhou341000 China

To monitor industrial processes properly, soft-sensors are widely used to predict significant but difficult-to-measure quality variables. However, the prediction performances of traditional data-driven soft-sensors are usually unacceptable once suffering from high-nonlinear, high-dimension, and imblance data issues. Therefore, a semisupervised soft-sensor, which is learned by a just-in-time method with structure entropy clustering (SS-JITL-SEC), is proposed aiming to improve prediction performance with a simpler way. Inspired by a divide and conquer strategy, a novel SEC method is proposed to achieve several clusters and then to translate the highly complex and nonlinear modeling problems into simple and linear ones. Moreover, the training dataset is extended through a mixed SS labeling approach. Finally, dissimilarity-based JITL works together with the resulting clustering subdatasets to formulate a local adaptive prediction model. Two datasets from different types of wastewater treatment plants are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed soft-sensor. The results show that the SS-JITL-SEC soft-sensor can achieve better prediction performance than other standard counterparts, and even for effective process monitoring with the resulted residuals. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Entropy

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AI-Based Detection and Analysis of Phishing Domains: Leveraging Machine Learning for Enhanced Cybersecurity

AI-Based Detection and Analysis of Phishing Domains: Leverag...

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2024 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2024

作者： Dhanalakshmi, R. Vijayaraghavan, N. Kumar, Akhil Beni Prathiba, B. Sahaya School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology - Chennai Center for Cyber Physical Systems Chennai India Kcg College of Technology Department of Mathematics Chennai India Scset Bennett University Greater Noida India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Center for Cyber Physical Systems Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510022

In the ever-evolving landscape of cyber security, the prevalence of phishing attacks poses a formidable threat to information security systems worldwide, compromising data integrity and eroding user trust. This paper introduces an innovative solution harnessing artificial intelligence to identify and analyze phishing domains, particularly focusing on newly registered domains from public databases like WHOIS. This approach is crucial as traditional security measures often prove insufficient against the sophistication of phishing tactics. Our proposed AI-driven system employs an analysis strategy. It utilizes machine learning to conduct an in-depth backend code and content analysis. This involves comparing suspect and legitimate sites for structural and syntactical disparities, utilizing deep learning models trained on extensive datasets of known phishing and authentic domains. These methodologies offer a nuanced evaluation, crucial for distinguishing sophisticated phishing attempts from genuine domains. Additionally, the system excels at identifying malicious links within these domains, enhancing its overall protective capabilities. The efficiency of our solution lies in its capacity for real-time, accurate threat detection. We introduce a probabilistic scoring mechanism that assesses the likelihood of a domain being a phishing site, facilitating informed decision-making for cyber security personnel. Furthermore, our system is designed for seamless integration into existing cyber security frameworks, providing versatility and ease of use. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Phishing

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Enhancing Offensive Language Detection with Data Augmentation and Knowledge Distillation

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 29-40页

作者： Jiawen Deng Zhuang Chen Hao Sun Zhexin Zhang Jincenzi Wu Satoshi Nakagawa Fuji Ren Minlie Huang The CoAl group DCSTInstitute for Artificial InteligenceState Key Lab of Intelligent Technology and SystemsBeijing National Research Center for Information Science and TechnologyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Graduate School of Information Science&Technology The University of Tokyo.Tokyo 1138654Japan School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan611731China

Offensive language detection has received important attention and plays a crucial role in promoting healthy communication on social platforms,as well as promoting the safe deployment of large language *** data is the basis for developing detectors;however,the available offense-related dataset in Chinese is severely limited in terms of data scale and coverage when compared to English *** significantly affects the accuracy of Chinese offensive language detectors in practical applications,especially when dealing with hard cases or out-of-domain *** alleviate the limitations posed by available datasets,we introduce AugCOLD(Augmented Chinese Offensive Language Dataset),a large-scale unsupervised dataset containing 1 million samples gathered by data crawling and model ***,we employ a multiteacher distillation framework to enhance detection performance with unsupervised *** is,we build multiple teachers with publicly accessible datasets and use them to assign soft labels to *** soft labels serve as a bridge for knowledge to be distilled from both AugCOLD and multiteacher to the student network,i.e.,the final offensive *** conduct experiments on multiple public test sets and our well-designed hard tests,demonstrating that our proposal can effectively improve the generalization and robustness of the offensive language detector.

关键词： COLD dealing limitations

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Quantum Calculus-Based Two-Dimensional Least Mean Square Algorithm 58

Quantum Calculus-Based Two-Dimensional Least Mean Square Alg...

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58th Asilomar Conference on Signals, systems and computers, ACSSC 2024

作者： Moinuddin, Muhammad Zerguine, Azzedine Al-Saggaf, Ubaid M. Arif, Muhammad King Abdulaziz University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department The Centre of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems Jeddah Saudi Arabia Kfupm Electrical Engineering Department The Interdisciplinary Research Center for Communication Systems and Sensing Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Institute of Networked and Embedded Systems University of Klagenfurt Klagenfurt Austria The Ubiquitous Sensing Systems Lab University of Klagenfurt-Silicon Austria Labs Klagenfurt Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354058

Recent work of the one-dimensional q-LMS algorithm give insight that the Quantum Calculus based gradient called the q-gradient is capable of improving the convergence behavior in contrast to the standard LMS algorithm. The reason for this is the fact that the q-derivative takes larger steps in minimizing a cost function as it evaluates the secant in contrast to the tangent of the cost function. Motivated by this, we propose a two-dimensional version of the q-LMS algorithm. More precisely, we employ Quantum Calculus based q-gradient in steepest descent optimization of mean-square-error (MSE) cost function in 2D adaptive filtering scenario to obtain two-dimensional q-LMS (2D q-LMS) algorithm. A thorough analytical investigation of the proposed 2D q-LMS algorithm in both mean and mean-square sense is provided. Both the transient and steady-state convergence behaviours are examined. Consequently, excess MSE (EMSE) learning curve and its steady-state expression are evaluated in closed form. Simulation results are presented for the application of noise cancelation in images to show the superiority of the proposed 2D q-LMS algorithm. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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