A fuzzy version of an Evolutionary Algorithm for Clustering (EAC) proposed in, previous work is introduced. This algorithm uses a fuzzy cluster validity criterion and a fuzzy local search algorithm instead of their ha...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424412099
A fuzzy version of an Evolutionary Algorithm for Clustering (EAC) proposed in, previous work is introduced. This algorithm uses a fuzzy cluster validity criterion and a fuzzy local search algorithm instead of their hard counterparts employed by EAC. It is shown by means of theoretical complexity analyses that this algorithm can be more efficient than systematic (i.e. repetitive) approaches when the number of clusters is unknown. An illustrative example with computational experiments and statistical analyses is also presented.
With support from HBCU-UP (Historically Black College and University Undergraduateprogram) at National science Foundation (NSF), the ACTION (Advanced Curriculum and Technology-Based Instructional Opportunities Networ...
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Chemical reaction networks by which individual cells gather and process information about their chemical environments have been dubbed "signal transduction" networks. Despite this suggestive terminology, the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780262195683
Chemical reaction networks by which individual cells gather and process information about their chemical environments have been dubbed "signal transduction" networks. Despite this suggestive terminology, there have been few attempts to analyze chemical signaling systems with the quantitative tools of information theory. Gradient sensing in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is a well characterized signal transduction system in which a cell estimates the direction of a source of diffusing chemoattractant molecules based on the spatiotemporal sequence of ligand-receptor binding events at the cell membrane. Using Monte Carlo techniques (MCell) we construct a simulation in which a collection of individual ligand particles undergoing Brownian diffusion in a three-dimensional volume interact with receptors on the surface of a static amoeboid cell. Adapting a method for estimation of spike train entropies described by Victor (originally due to Kozachenko and Leonenko), we estimate lower bounds on the mutual information between the transmitted signal (direction of ligand source) and the received signal (spatiotemporal pattern of receptor binding/unbinding events). Hence we provide a quantitative framework for addressing the question: how much could the cell know, and when could it know it? We show that the time course of the mutual information between the cell's surface receptors and the (unknown) gradient direction is consistent with experimentally measured cellular response times. We find that the acquisition of directional information depends strongly on the time constant at which the intracellular response is filtered.
This paper evaluates how well a significant number of broadcasting protocols for MANETs behave when under a realistic scenario of momentary failures and topology changes, which is represented by an omission fault mode...
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This paper evaluates how well a significant number of broadcasting protocols for MANETs behave when under a realistic scenario of momentary failures and topology changes, which is represented by an omission fault model. Reliable protocols which use additional mechanisms to ensure higher delivery rates beyond best- effort guarantees - have been proposed, but they exhibit unacceptably high end-to-end delays. As a result of the study conducted, a new mechanism that helps to enhance the reliability of deterministic broadcasting protocols is proposed. The mechanism allows for scalability, and is capable of ensuring good delivery rates (in spite of failures) while maintaining lower end-to-end delays. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the mechanism.
Current mammographic screeningfor breast cancer is less effective for younger women. To complement mammography for premenopausal women, we investigated the feasibility screening test using 98 blood serum proteins. Bec...
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In order to assist driver's vision, a real-time recognition system for traffic signs is proposed. After detecting sign candidates, biologically inspired opponent-color filters are used to extract symbol parts of s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781617387777
In order to assist driver's vision, a real-time recognition system for traffic signs is proposed. After detecting sign candidates, biologically inspired opponent-color filters are used to extract symbol parts of signs. After normalizing the size of symbol, structural features are calculated to identify the sign. 5572 segmented images are used to design the algorithm. In a real-time system, the same sign in a sequence of frames is tracked, and a majority vote is used to integrate the recognition results. For test data, 93.8% recall rate and 99.3% precision rate could be attained. In-vehicle experiment also showed high recall and precision rates.
Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have been substantially improved in recent past. However, network attacks have become more sophisticated and increasingly complex: many of current attacks are coordinated and origina...
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Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have been substantially improved in recent past. However, network attacks have become more sophisticated and increasingly complex: many of current attacks are coordinated and originated in multiple networks. To detect these attacks, IDSs need to obtain information on network events from multiple networks or administrative domains. This work demonstrates that a Distributed IDS (DIDS) can be composed of existing IDSs, improving the detection of misuses in a multiple network environment. We use a grid middleware for creating a service-based intrusion detection grid. We demonstrate through experimental results that the proposed DIDS allows the integration of heterogeneous existing IDSs and improves the detection of attacks by exploring the synergy between existing IDSs.
We explore whether protein-RNA interfaces differ from non-interfaces in terms of their structural features and whether structural features vary according to the type of the bound RNA (e.g., mRNA, siRNA...etc), using a...
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We explore whether protein-RNA interfaces differ from non-interfaces in terms of their structural features and whether structural features vary according to the type of the bound RNA (e.g., mRNA, siRNA...etc), using a non-redundant dataset of 147 protein chains extracted from protein-RNA complexes in the protein data bank. Our analysis of surface roughness, solid angle and CX value of amino acid residues for each of the protein chains in the dataset shows that: The protein-RNA interface residues tend to be protruding compared to non-interface residues and tend to have higher surface roughness and exhibit moderately convex or concave solid angles. Furthermore, the protein chains in protein-RNA interfaces that contain Viral RNA and rRNA significantly differ from those that contain dsRNA, mRNA siRNA, snRNA, SRP RNA and tRNA with respect to their CX values. The results of this analysis sug gests the possibility of using such structural features to reliably identify protein-RNA interface residues when the structure of the protein is available but the structures of complexes formed by the protein with RNA are not.
In this paper, we try to estimate Japan's cabinet approval ratings by using neural networks. In addition, we try to extract the important features in input patterns. This is the first attempt to use neural network...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780889866317
In this paper, we try to estimate Japan's cabinet approval ratings by using neural networks. In addition, we try to extract the important features in input patterns. This is the first attempt to use neural networks and to interpret the mechanism of inference for approval estimation in a comprehensive way. Experimental results show that neural networks have much better performance than that obtained by the standard regression analysis in terms of training and testing errors. The information loss analysis reveals that the first variable, that is, the previous ratings should play the most important role in inference. Though the experimental result here shown is a preliminary one, it certainly suggests a possibility of the automatic inference of cabinet approval ratings.
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