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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Runxin Shao, Yulin Eldar, Yonina C. The State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom The Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot7610001 Israel

This paper presents a polarization-aware movable antenna (PAMA) framework that integrates polarization effects into the design and optimization of movable antennas (MAs). While MAs have proven effective at boosting wireless communication performance, existing studies primarily focus on phase variations caused by different propagation paths and leverage antenna movements to maximize channel gains. This narrow focus limits the full potential of MAs. In this work, we introduce a polarization-aware channel model rooted in electromagnetic theory, unveiling a defining advantage of MAs over other wireless technologies such as precoding: the ability to optimize polarization matching. This new understanding enables PAMA to extend the applicability of MAs beyond radio-frequency, multipath-rich scenarios to higher-frequency bands, such as mmWave, even with a single line-of-sight (LOS) path. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating polarization considerations into MAs significantly enhances efficiency, link reliability, and data throughput, paving the way for more robust and efficient future wireless networks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polarization

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A Novel Approach for Concrete Crack and Spall Detection Based on Improved YOLOv8 23

A Novel Approach for Concrete Crack and Spall Detection Base...

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Proceedings of the 2023 5th International Conference on Video, Signal and Image Processing

作者： Md Abdur Rouf Yuji Iwahori Haisong Chen Aili Wang Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Laser Spectroscopy Technology and Application Harbin University of Science and Technology China Department of Computer Science Chubu University Japan Shenzhen Polytechnic University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709272

The detection and prevention of concrete cracks and spalls is crucial to ensure the structural integrity and longevity of civil infrastructure. In this research paper, we propose a novel method for concrete crack and spall detection based on YOLOv8 with ByteTrack and supervision. The proposed method exploits the advantages of the YOLOv8 object detection framework, which provides real-time and accurate detection, tracking and counting of various objects. By integrating ByteTrack, a state-of-the-art tracking algorithm, we increase system performance and robustness in tracking cracks and spalls over time. Furthermore, supervision is employed to improve detection accuracy through iterative training and fine-tuning. To train the model, an extensive dataset of concrete crack and spall images is collected, annotated, and enhanced. The dataset includes a variety of scenarios, lighting conditions, and crack/spill sizes, which ensures the model's ability to generalize to real-world situations. Transfer learning is used to support the YOLOv8 backbone with pre-trained weights, to accelerate the convergence of the training process. Experimental evaluation is conducted on a benchmark dataset, and the proposed method outperforms existing techniques in terms of accuracy, precision, and recall. YOLOv8 with ByteTrack and Supervision achieves an overall accuracy of 94% detection rate for concrete cracks and spalls, even under challenging conditions. Real-time deployment is achieved on a high-performance computing platform, allowing efficient and timely monitoring of concrete structures. The proposed method demonstrates its potential as a valuable tool for infrastructure management and maintenance, enabling early detection of concrete cracks and spalls. By promptly identifying such defects, necessary repair and reinforcement measures can be implemented, preventing further deterioration and ensuring the safety and longevity of civil infrastructure. The high detection performance of the

关键词： ByteTrack & Supervision Concrete crack and spall detection Tracking and counting YOLOv8

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Reviewing metal supported solid oxide fuel cells for efficient electricity generation with biofuels for mobility

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 106-153页

作者： Fábio C.Antunes João P.J.de Oliveira Ricardo S.de Abreu Thiago Dias Bruno B.N.S.Brandão Josué M.Gonçalves Josimar Ribeiro Julian Hunt Hudson Zanin Gustavo Doubek School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852Brazil School of Food Engineering University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852Brazil School of Chemical Engineering University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852Brazil Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies(MackGraphe) Mackenzie Presbyterian InstituteSão Paulo 01302-907Brazil Electrochemistry Research and Development Laboratory(LPDE) Department of ChemistryCenter of Exact SciencesFederal University of Espírito SantoCampus GoiabeirasVitória 29075-910Brazil Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

Metal-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells(MS-SOFCs)hold significant potential for driving the energy *** electrochemical devices represent the most advanced generation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell(SOFCs)and can pave the way for mass production and wider adoption than Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells(PEMFCs)due to their fuel flexibility,higher power density and the absence of noble metals in the fabrication *** review examines the state-of-the-art of SOFCs and MS-SOFCs,presenting perspectives and research directions for these key technological devices,highlighting novel materials,techniques,architectures,devices,and degradation mechanisms to address current challenges and future *** such as infiltration/impregnation,ex-solution catalyst synthesis,and the use of a pre-catalytic reformer layer are discussed as their impact on efficiency and prolonged *** concepts are also described and connected with well-dispersed nano particles,hindrance of coarsening,and an increased number of Triple Phase Boundaries(TPBs).This review also describes the synergistic use of reformers with MS-SOFCs to compose solutions in energy generation from readily available ***,the End-of-Life(EoL),recycling,and life-cycle assessments(LCAs)of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Vehicles(FCHEVs)were *** comparing Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles(FCEVs)equipped with(PEMFCs)and FCHEVs equipped with MS-SOFCs,both powered with hydrogen(H_(2))generated by different routes were *** review aims to provide valuable insights into these key technological devices,emphasizing the importance of robust research and development to enhance performance and lifespan while reducing costs and environmental impact.

关键词： Reform Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell Powertrain systems Fuel cell Hybrid electric vehicle Biofuel

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Chat-REC: Towards Interactive and Explainable LLMs-Augmented Recommender System

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Gao, Yunfan Sheng, Tao Xiang, Youlin Xiong, Yun Wang, Haofen Zhang, Jiawei Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China College of Design and Innovation Tongji University Shanghai China IFM Lab Department of Computer Science University of California DavisCA United States

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their significant potential to be applied for addressing various application tasks. However, traditional recommender systems continue to face great challenges such as poor interactivity and explainability, which actually also hinder their broad deployment in real-world systems. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel paradigm called Chat-Rec (ChatGPT Augmented Recommender System) that innovatively augments LLMs for building conversational recommender systems by converting user profiles and historical interactions into prompts. Chat-Rec is demonstrated to be effective in learning user preferences and establishing connections between users and products through in-context learning, which also makes the recommendation process more interactive and explainable. What’s more, within the Chat-Rec framework, user’s preferences can transfer to different products for cross-domain recommendations, and prompt-based injection of information into LLMs can also handle the cold-start scenarios with new items. In our experiments, Chat-Rec effectively improve the results of top-k recommendations and performs better in zero-shot rating prediction task. Chat-Rec offers a novel approach to improving recommender systems and presents new practical scenarios for the implementation of AIGC (AI generated content) in recommender system studies. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Application of Hybrid Variable Admittance Force Tracking and Fixed-time Position Control for Robot Interaction Tasks

Application of Hybrid Variable Admittance Force Tracking and...

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International Conference on Control, Mechatronics and Automation (ICCMA)

作者： Hong Zhan Chao Zeng Chenguang Yang Key Laboratory of Autonomous Systems and Networked Control College of Automation Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool Liverpool UK

ISBN: (数字)9798331517519

ISBN: (纸本)9798331517526

This paper applies the proposed hybrid force and position control method to the physical robot system with interaction tasks to further improve our previous study. In the control scheme, the variable stiffness based on proportional integral derivative(PID) admittance control is adopted for interaction force tracking and the radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) based fixed-time control is designed to ensure position tracking. We have performed interaction tasks based on a Baxter robot for drawing on the plane and slope plane with different expected interaction forces and position trajectories. The experiment results indicate that the method performs well in terms of interaction force and trajectory tracking.

关键词： Mechatronics Automation Trajectory tracking Force Dynamics Position control Trajectory Robots Admittance control Convergence

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Enhance Training Objectives for Image Captioning with Decomposed Sequence-level Metric

Enhance Training Objectives for Image Captioning with Decomp...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Yehuan Wang Jiefeng Long Jian Hu Lin Shang Department of Computer Science and Technology State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Image captioning aims to generate fluent and accurate descriptions for images. To evaluate the quality of captions, various metrics have been proposed. However, current metrics only assess captions at sequence-level, which overwhelms the distinctions between each token. Thus, existing objectives tend to treat each token equally, assigning them with identical weights in loss functions. Intuitively, key words in a caption carry the primary information and contribute more than other words to sequence-level metrics. They should be distinguished and weighted more during training. In this work, we propose to explicitly measure each word and guide the model to focus more on key words in captions. Firstly, we devise token-level CIDEr (CIDEr-T) as a new metric to quantify the importance of each word, by decomposing the sequence-level CIDEr into token-level granularity. CIDEr-T maintains consistency with CIDEr and shows the distinctions between tokens. Thus, we engage CIDEr-T scores of each token as their unique weights in the raw loss functions, which can bridge the gap between training and evaluation.

关键词： Measurement Training Accuracy Neural networks

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AutoSketch: automatic sketch-oriented compiler for query-driven network telemetry 24

AutoSketch: automatic sketch-oriented compiler for query-dri...

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Proceedings of the 21st USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation

作者： Haifeng Sun Qun Huang Jinbo Sun Wei Wang Jiaheng Li Fuliang Li Yungang Bao Xin Yao Gong Zhang National Key Laboratory for Multimedia Information Processing School of Computer Science Peking University Institute of Computing Technology CAS Northeastern University China Huawei Theory Department

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133397

Recent network telemetry witnesses tremendous progress in two directions: query-driven telemetry that targets expressiveness as the primary goal, and sketch-based algorithms that address resource-accuracy trade-offs. In this paper, we propose AutoSketch that aims to integrate the advantages of both classes. In a nutshell, AutoSketch automatically compiles high-level operators into sketch instances that can be readily deployed with low resource usage and incur limited accuracy drop. However, there remains a gap between the expressiveness of high-level operators and the underlying realization of sketch algorithms. AutoSketch bridges this gap in three aspects. First, AutoSketch extends its interface derived from existing query-driven telemetry such that users can specify the desired telemetry accuracy. The specified accuracy intent will be utilized to guide the compiling procedure. Second, AutoSketch leverages various techniques, such as syntax analysis and performance estimation, to construct efficient sketch instances. Finally, AutoSketch automatically searches for the most suitable parameter configurations that fulfill the accuracy intent with minimum resource usage. Our experiments demonstrate that AutoSketch can achieve high expressiveness, high accuracy, and low resource usage compared to state-of-the-art telemetry solutions.

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An Approach to Evaluate Modeling Adequacy for Small-Signal Stability Analysis of IBR-related SSOs in Multimachine Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Karunaratne, Lilan Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray Yogarathnam, Amirthagunaraj Yue, Meng The School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Penn State University University ParkPA United States The Interdisciplinary Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY United States

Time-varying phasor-based analysis of subsynchronous oscillations (SSOs) involving grid-following converters (GFLCs) and its benchmarking with electromagnetic transient (EMT) models have so far been restricted to highly simplified grid models with constant voltage sources behind series R-L circuits. In this paper, modeling adequacy of bulk power systems with synchronous generators (SGs), transmission systems, loads, and GFLCs are considered. To this end, we revisit the notions of time-varying phasor calculus, highlighting the distinction between space-phasor-calculus (SPC) and two often interchangeably used frameworks namely baseband-abc and generalized averaging. We present the models of grids in SPC framework that include transmission line dynamics, load dynamics, and SG stator transients. Next, we propose a generic approach to study modeling adequacy in small-signal sense by (a) identifying critical modes through eigenvalue and singular value analysis followed by (b) using weighted maximum singular value error magnitudes as metrics, and (c) further cross-validation. Using a modified 4-machine IEEE benchmark model with up to 3 GFLCs we show that SPC framework can be used for analysis of SSOs. Further, we consider the quasistationary phasor calculus (QPC) framework that neglects transmission line, load, and SG stator dynamics to show its adequacy in SSO modeling and analysis. Time-domain and frequency-domain results with EMT models are also presented. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Data Augmentation and Pseudo-sequence of fNIRS for Depression Recognition

Data Augmentation and Pseudo-sequence of fNIRS for Depressio...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Kai Shao Yixue Hao Long Hu Xiaofen Zong Min Chen School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Department of Psychiatry Renmin Hospital Wuhan University Wuhan China School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Pazhou Laboratory Guangzhou China

Depression is a mental disorder caused by factors such as genetics, life events and social influences, and has become a major public health problem worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the diagnosis of depression. However, in the real medical scene, fNIRS data are difficult to obtain, limited in number and suffer from class imbalance. To overcome these problems, in this paper, we propose a novel model for depression identification based on data augmentation and pseudo-sequence of fNIRS. Specifically, the data augmentation using the time masking and warping method generates richer data. Then, a stimulation task-driven data pseudo-sequence method is designed to map the sequence data into pseudo-sequence activation images. Finally, a depression recognition model is established based on the class imbalance loss function. Experiments show that the precision of our depression recognition model reaches 0.94. This scheme transforms fNIRS data into image sequences, which provides a new solution idea for subsequent research.

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Multiple Scattering Effects of Trees on L-band Microwave Using a Hybrid Method

Multiple Scattering Effects of Trees on L-band Microwave Usi...

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2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio science Meeting, AP-S/URSI 2022

作者： Gu, Weihui Jeong, Jongwoo Gao, Ruoxing Tsang, Leung Colliander, Andreas Yueh, Simon University of Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ann ArborMI48109 United States California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory PasadenaCA91109 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665496582

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496582

The multiple scattering of electromagnetic waves in forests is studied using a two-step hybrid method. First, the T-matrix of a single tree is calculated based on its far-field computed with the full-wave simulations of the FEKO software. The T-matrix captures the multiple scattering caused by the tree structure. Second, the the interactions among different trees are considered using the T-matrices of the individual trees and the Foldy-Lax equations. The result of the two-step hybrid method is validated with FEKO by solving scattering from two trees directly. The multiple scattering effects are illustrated by the field solutions. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Multiple scattering

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