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Ultrafast dynamics in perovskite-based optoelectronic devices

Cell Reports Physical science 2023年第9期4卷

作者： Gong, Shaokuan Huang, Yuling Yu, Xuemeng Hu, Qiushi Liu, Jingjing Meng, Jiazhi Wen, Yifan Chen, Xihan Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics and Flexible Manufacturing Systems SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen 518055 China

Halide-perovskite-based materials are rising stars for optoelectronic applications. The key for optoelectronic device development is the photogenerated carrier dynamics, which directly describes the motion of photogenerated electrons and holes. A fundamental understanding of the carrier dynamics can help researchers gain deeper insight into the light-matter interaction. The generation and movement of charge carriers can be on the order of femto- and pico-second (ultrafast) timescales, which pose challenges for detection methods. Recent development in transient spectroscopic techniques enable the understanding of charge-carrier dynamics. In this perspective, we introduce several ultrafast spectroscopic methods that investigate total carrier dynamics, hot-carrier cooling dynamics, interfacial carrier transport dynamics, and carrier spin relaxation dynamics in perovskite optoelectronics. Through these investigations, we provide our perspective on the future development of perovskite-based optoelectronics. © 2023 The Author(s)

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Advanced security approach for building secure containerized manufacturing digital twins

Advanced security approach for building secure containerized...

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IET International Conference on Engineering Technologies and Applications (ICETA 2024)

作者： Yu-Chuan Lin Po-Kai Chiu Benny Suryajaya Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chinese Culture University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Intelligent Manufacturing Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781837242252

In the era of digital transformation, containerized systems and digital twins are vital technologies in intelligent manufacturing. Our previous research, the Implementation Framework of Digital Twins for intelligent Manufacturing (IF-DTiM), lacks comprehensive security features[1]. To address this critical gap, we propose the Advanced Security Approach for Building Secure Containerized Manufacturing Digital Twins (ASABS-CMDT), integrating automated tools for detecting vulnerabilities, container image creation, and secure digital signing, all within DevSecOps practices. Case studies show that ASABS-CMDT significantly enhances system security and reduces development time, offering valuable insights for practitioners in intelligent manufacturing.

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LCINet: Local Cross-position Interaction Network for Oracle Bone Inscriptions Recognition

LCINet: Local Cross-position Interaction Network for Oracle ...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Qingyang Sun Xiaoqing Zhang Chenlu Gui Hanxi Sun Tingsheng Cai Yan Hu Jigen Tang Jiang Liu Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems and Department of Computer Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China School of Humanities and Social Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350359312

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359329

Oracle Bone Inscriptions (OBIs) are a type of ancient Chinese hieroglyphs, which are precursors of many Asian characters. Automatic OBIs recognition can assist archaeologists in understanding the history and evolution of hieroglyphs. Recently, deep learning methods have been gradually applied to OBIs recognition, but these methods often fail to leverage the glyphological feature information of oracle bone characters. In this paper, we propose a novel Local Cross-position Interaction (LCI) module, which dynamically adjusts the relative importance of feature maps in convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by exploiting the potential of the glyphological information. LCI extracts the glyphological context information by orientation pooling, then constructs the local dependencies between glyphological context features via a cross-position interaction. Subsequently, we combine the LCI module with the residual module to form the Residual-LCI module and then build an LCINet for automatic OBIs recognition by stacking multiple Residual-LCI modules. In addition, we construct an OBIs dataset named OBI316 to verify the effectiveness of LCINet, which will be released soon. The comprehensive experiments on the OBI316 dataset demonstrate that our LCINet outperforms baselines and state-of-the-art attention-based networks. The CIFAR datasets are used to further demonstrate the generalization ability of our method.

关键词： Deep learning Stacking Neural networks Bones Feature extraction Complexity theory Character recognition

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Secure, Available, Verifiable, and Efficient Range Query Processing on Outsourced Datasets

Secure, Available, Verifiable, and Efficient Range Query Pro...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Meng Li Jianbo Gao Zijian Zhang Mauro Conti Mamoun Alazab School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China Department of Mathematics HIT Center University of Padua Italy Department of Intelligent Systems Delft TU Netherlands College of Engineering IT and Environment Charles Darwin University Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

Range queries allow data users to outsource their data to a Cloud Server (CS) that responds to data users who submit a request with range conditions. However, security concerns hinder the wide-scale adoption. Existing works neglect item availability, fail to protect secure verification or sacrifice search accuracy for efficiency. In this paper, we propose Secure, Available, Verifiable, and Efficient (SAVE) range query processing, which has three distinctive features. (1) Secure availability checking against a malicious CS: we design a keyed index-based secure verification mechanism to check the availability of matched nodes, including validity and freshness. (2) Secure result verification: we design a targeted verification mechanism for result correctness and completeness while not compromising security. (3) Improved efficiency and accuracy: we design a lay-ered encoding method to improve search efficiency and accuracy. We formally stated and proved the security of SAVE in the random oracle model. We conducted extensive experiments over the Yelp and FourSquare dataset to validate the efficiency, e.g., a query over 10 thousand data items only needs 19.4 ms to get queried results and 3.5 ms for local verification.

关键词： Accuracy Query processing Encoding Security Servers

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Service-Based Event Penetration from IoT Sensors to Businesses: a Case Study

Service-Based Event Penetration from IoT Sensors to Business...

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2022 CCF International Conference on Service science, CCF ICSS 2022

作者： Wang, Guiling Fang, Jun Wang, Jing Yu, Jian Zhang, Liang Han, Yanbo Beijing Key Laboratory on Integration and Analysis of Large-Scale Stream Data Beijing China North China University of Technology School of Information Science and Technology Beijing China Auckland University of Technology Department of Computer Science Auckland New Zealand Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science Shanghai China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics & Systems Shanghai China

ISBN: (数字)9781665498616

ISBN: (纸本)9781665498616

By leveraging IoT Big Data, BPM can gain real-time physical world information to make faster and more accurate decisions, but there is a technical gap between IoT sensors and businesses. To bridge the gap, an event penetration mechanism from IoT sensors to business processes is proposed along a practical case study. This paper presents a concrete IoT-BPM application case dealing with seaborne safety ensurance in transporting liquefied natural gas (LNG), analyzes its technical challenges, and examines the feasibility and supposed effects of the BRIBOT approach. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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QTER: QoS-Aware Three-Dimensional Efficient and Reliable Routing for LEO Satellite Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Zheng, Jinkai Luan, Tom H. Li, Guanjie Zhang, Yanfeng Yuan, Mingfeng Pan, Jianping Dongguan University of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Intelligentization China Xi’an Jiaotong University China Xidian University School of Cyber Engineering China Singapore University of Technology and Design Information Systems Technology and Design Pillar Singapore University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies University of Toronto Robotics Institute Canada University of Victoria Department of Computer Science Canada

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks offer a promising approach for achieving global coverage and high-speed Internet access. However, the existing communication frameworks within these networks may result in low robustness and reliability. This paper introduces QTER, a novel and lightweight routing framework specifically designed for LEO networks, aimed at addressing these challenges. Our contributions are threefold. First, QTER establishes a cost-effective and reliable routing framework that accommodates a variety of applications with distinct Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. By enabling multi-path routing, the framework minimizes costs while ensuring end-to-end reliability, thus enhancing adaptability to diverse service demands. Second, we leverage the unique structural characteristics of LEO satellite networks by modeling the satellite constellation as a three-dimensional network, wherein higher-shell satellites serve as management satellite nodes (MSNs) to coordinate routing strategies among lower-shell satellites. This architecture significantly improves system efficiency and adaptability. Third, we propose a failure recovery mechanism that allows MSNs to relay packets when lower-orbit satellites are rendered unavailable due to environmental factors, thereby enhancing system robustness. Extensive simulations demonstrate that QTER exhibits resilience to node failures and dynamic network conditions, achieving reductions in average cost and delay by 59.4% and 38.9%, respectively, compared to baselines. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Hundredfold increase of stimulated Brillouin-scattering bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode resonators

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Photonics Research 2023年第6期11卷 917-924页

作者： GUOPING LIN JINGYI TIAN TANG SUN QINGHAI SONG YANNE K.CHEMBO Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System School of ScienceHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Shenzhen 518055China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering&Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics(IREAP) University of MarylandCollege ParkMaryland 20742USA

Backward stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)is widely exploited for various applications in optics and *** typically features a narrow gain bandwidth of a few tens of megahertz in fluoride *** we report a hundredfold increase of SBS bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode *** crystalline orientation results in a large variation of the acoustic phase velocity upon propagation along the periphery,from which a broad Brillouin gain is *** 2.5 GHz wide Brillouin gain profile is theoretically found and experimentally *** phenomena with Brillouin shift frequencies ranging from 11.73 to 14.47 GHz in ultrahigh Q Z-cut magnesium fluoride cavities pumped at the telecommunication wavelength are ***,the Brillouin-Kerr comb in this device is *** 400 comb lines spanning across a spectral window of 120 nm are *** finding paves a new way for tailoring and harnessing the Brillouin gain in crystals.

关键词： scattering pumped Brillouin

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Delphic Offline Reinforcement Learning under Nonidentifiable Hidden Confounding

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Pace, Alizée Yèche, Hugo Schölkopf, Bernhard Rätsch, Gunnar Tennenholtz, Guy ETH AI Center Switzerland Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Switzerland Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Tübingen Germany Google Research Mountain View United States

A prominent challenge of offline reinforcement learning (RL) is the issue of hidden confounding: unobserved variables may influence both the actions taken by the agent and the observed outcomes. Hidden confounding can compromise the validity of any causal conclusion drawn from data and presents a major obstacle to effective offline RL. In the present paper, we tackle the problem of hidden confounding in the nonidentifiable setting. We propose a definition of uncertainty due to hidden confounding bias, termed delphic uncertainty, which uses variation over world models compatible with the observations, and differentiate it from the well-known epistemic and aleatoric uncertainties. We derive a practical method for estimating the three types of uncertainties, and construct a pessimistic offline RL algorithm to account for them. Our method does not assume identifiability of the unobserved confounders, and attempts to reduce the amount of confounding bias. We demonstrate through extensive experiments and ablations the efficacy of our approach on a sepsis management benchmark, as well as on electronic health records. Our results suggest that nonidentifiable hidden confounding bias can be mitigated to improve offline RL solutions in practice. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Constrained Probabilistic Pareto Dominance for Expensive Constrained Multiobjective Optimization Problems

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IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 2024年 1-1页

作者： Zhang, Zhiyao Wang, Yong Sun, Guangyong Pang, Tong Tang, Ke School of Automation Central South University Changsha China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle Hunan University Changsha China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Computation Department of Computer Science and Engineering and the Research Institute of Trustworthy Autonomous Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

This paper proposes a new parameterless constraint-handling technique, named constrained probabilistic Pareto dominance (CPPD), for expensive constrained multiobjective optimization problems (CMOPs). In CPPD, when comparing two solutions, in terms of each original objective, we design a new objective for each solution, which is the negative product of two probabilities calculated based on the predicted fitness mean values and the uncertainty information provided by Kriging models: 1) the probability that this solution satisfies all constraints, denoted as PoF, and 2) the probability that this solution is better than the other on the original objective, denoted as PoB. It is evident that for each solution, PoF and PoB indicate its feasibility and its optimality on the corresponding original objective, respectively. Then, Pareto dominance based on new objectives is executed. As a result, both competitive feasible solutions and promising infeasible solutions with good diversity can be preserved by CPPD. These two kinds of solutions can help the population to exploit the located feasible parts and to explore new feasible parts, respectively. Further, based on CPPD, we develop a Pareto-based Kriging-assisted constrained multiobjective evolutionary algorithm (called PEA) to deal with expensive CMOPs with two or three objectives. Finally, PEA is generalized to solve expensive constrained many-objective optimization problems, named PEA+. The effectiveness of CPPD, PEA, and PEA+ is verified by comprehensive experiments. IEEE

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms

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MOST DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULI FOR FUNCTIONAL CELL TYPE CLUSTERING 12

MOST DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULI FOR FUNCTIONAL CELL TYPE CLUSTER...

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12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024

作者： Burg, Max F. Zenkel, Thomas Vystrčilová, Michaela Oesterle, Jonathan Höfling, Larissa Willeke, Konstantin F. Lause, Jan Müller, Sarah Fahey, Paul G. Ding, Zhiwei Restivo, Kelli Sridhar, Shashwat Gollisch, Tim Berens, Philipp Tolias, Andreas S. Euler, Thomas Bethge, Matthias Ecker, Alexander S. International Max Planck Research School for Intelligent Systems Tübingen Germany Institute of Computer Science and Campus Institute Data Science University of Göttingen Germany Tübingen AI Center University of Tübingen Germany Institute of Ophthalmic Research University of Tübingen Germany Centre for Integrative Neuroscience University of Tübingen Germany Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics Tübingen University Germany Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health University of Tübingen Germany Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX United States Center for Neuroscience and Artificial Intelligence Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX United States University Medical Center Göttingen Department of Ophthalmology Germany Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Göttingen Germany University of Göttingen Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Göttingen Germany

Identifying cell types and understanding their functional properties is crucial for unraveling the mechanisms underlying perception and cognition. In the retina, functional types can be identified by carefully selected stimuli, but this requires expert domain knowledge and biases the procedure towards previously known cell types. In the visual cortex, it is still unknown what functional types exist and how to identify them. Thus, for unbiased identification of the functional cell types in retina and visual cortex, new approaches are needed. Here we propose an optimization-based clustering approach using deep predictive models to obtain functional clusters of neurons using Most Discriminative Stimuli (MDS). Our approach alternates between stimulus optimization with cluster reassignment akin to an expectation-maximization algorithm. The algorithm recovers functional clusters in mouse retina, marmoset retina and macaque visual area V4. This demonstrates that our approach can successfully find discriminative stimuli across species, stages of the visual system and recording techniques. The resulting most discriminative stimuli can be used to assign functional cell types fast and on the fly, without the need to train complex predictive models or show a large natural scene dataset, paving the way for experiments that were previously limited by experimental time. Crucially, MDS are interpretable: they visualize the distinctive stimulus patterns that most unambiguously identify a specific type of neuron. © 2024 12th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maximum principle

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