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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Zhirui Karthik, P.N. Chee, Yeow Meng Tan, Vincent Y.F. The Department of Industrial Systems Engineering and Management National University of Singapore Singapore The Institute of Data Science National University of Singapore Singapore The Department of Mathematics The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

We study best arm identification (BAI) in linear bandits in the fixed-budget regime under differential privacy constraints, when the arm rewards are supported on the unit interval. Given a finite budget T and a privacy parameter Ε > 0, the goal is to minimise the error probability in finding the arm with the largest mean after T sampling rounds, subject to the constraint that the policy of the decision maker satisfies a certain Ε-differential privacy (Ε-DP) constraint. We construct a policy satisfying the Ε-DP constraint (called DP-BAI) by proposing the principle of maximum absolute determinants, and derive an upper bound on its error probability. Furthermore, we derive a minimax lower bound on the error probability, and demonstrate that the lower and the upper bounds decay exponentially in T, with exponents in the two bounds matching order-wise in (a) the sub-optimality gaps of the arms, (b) Ε, and (c) the problem complexity that is expressible as the sum of two terms, one characterising the complexity of standard fixed-budget BAI (without privacy constraints), and the other accounting for the Ε-DP constraint. Additionally, we present some auxiliary results that contribute to the derivation of the lower bound on the error probability. These results, we posit, may be of independent interest and could prove instrumental in proving lower bounds on error probabilities in several other bandit problems. Whereas prior works provide results for BAI in the fixed-budget regime without privacy constraints or in the fixed-confidence regime with privacy constraints, our work fills the gap in the literature by providing the results for BAI in the fixed-budget regime under the Ε-DP constraint. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Revolutionizing Human Assessment: AI-Driven Analysis of SQ, EQ, and IQ

Revolutionizing Human Assessment: AI-Driven Analysis of SQ, ...

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Cyber Resilience (ICCR), International Conference on

作者： Amer Ibrahim Wael Ali Nidal A. Al-Dmour Taher M. Ghazal American University in the Emirates Dubai United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering Mutah University Jordan Computer Science Department Centre for Cyber Physical Systems Faculty of Information Science and Technology Khalifa University Center for Cyber Security Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi Selangor Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9798350394962

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394979

This study focuses on the estimate and analysis of social quotient (SQ), emotional quotient (EQ), and intellectual quotient (IQ) to investigate the synergy between artificial intelligence (AI) and human competence evaluation. Traditional evaluation procedures confront intrinsic limitations, necessitating a deeper look at AI's ability to revolutionize existing methods. AI's ability to absorb massive quantities of data, comprehend complicated behavioral patterns, and refine the identification of social, emotional, and intellectual qualities opens the door to more nuanced evaluations. This article digs at artificial intelligence AI's crucial position in data collecting, algorithmic processing, and the ethical concerns inherent in this expanding sector. This study intends to explain the progress and consequences of altering our knowledge of human capacities across multiple dimensions by scrutinizing the transformational potential and challenges of incorporating AI into SQ, EQ, and IQ evaluations.

关键词： Ethics Behavioral sciences Appraisal Artificial intelligence Resilience

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Extracting Biomedical Entities from Noisy Audio Transcripts 30

Extracting Biomedical Entities from Noisy Audio Transcripts

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Ebadi, Nima Morgan, Kellen Tan, Adrian Linares, Billy Osborn, Sheri Majors, Emma Davis, Jeremy Rios, Anthony Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas San Antonio United States Department of Management Science and Statistics The University of Texas San Antonio United States Data Analytics The University of Texas San Antonio United States Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security The University of Texas San Antonio United States Department of Neurology Division of Neuropsychology UT Health San Antonio United States

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology is fundamental in transcribing spoken language into text, with considerable applications in the clinical realm, including streamlining medical transcription and integrating with Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems. Nevertheless, challenges persist, especially when transcriptions contain noise, leading to significant drops in performance when Natural Language Processing (NLP) models are applied. Named Entity Recognition (NER), an essential clinical task, is particularly affected by such noise, often termed the ASR-NLP gap. Prior works have primarily studied ASR's efficiency in clean recordings, leaving a research gap concerning the performance in noisy environments. This paper introduces a novel dataset, BioASR-NER, designed to bridge the ASR-NLP gap in the biomedical domain, focusing on extracting adverse drug reactions and mentions of entities from the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT) exam. Our dataset offers a comprehensive collection of almost 2,000 clean and noisy recordings. In addressing the noise challenge, we present an innovative transcript-cleaning method using GPT4, investigating both zero-shot and few-shot methodologies. Our study further delves into an error analysis, shedding light on the types of errors in transcription software, corrections by GPT4, and the challenges GPT4 faces. This paper aims to foster improved understanding and potential solutions for the ASR-NLP gap, ultimately supporting enhanced healthcare documentation practices. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： Error analysis

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Scalability in Autoencoder-based OFDM Communication System

Scalability in Autoencoder-based OFDM Communication System

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computer Vision and Machine Intelligence (CVMI), International Conference on

作者： Seizan Tsugawa Takao Toma Shiho Oshiro Tomohisa Wada Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Program University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Magna Design Net Inc Okinawa Japan Information Technology Center University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Dept. of Engineering Area of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan

This paper proposed Scalability in Autoencoder-based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) communication system. In the previous research, only the comparison between IEEE802.11a and Autoencoder by the conventional OFDM communication system was performed, and it was proved that the communication system created by Autoencoder exceeded the performance of the conventional system. Therefore, in this paper, it uses IEEE802.11n and compare whether it can be improved by expanding the bandwidth and using ***802.11n standard has an FFT length of 128, a subcarrier number of 114 (108 for data), and modulation schemes of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM). The GI length is 800ns and the symbol length is 4000ns. In the simulation, a computer simulation was performed using a conventional OFDM communication system and a communication system generated by Autoencoder. Assuming that the simulation environment had an Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 0 to 30 and an amplitude r of 0.0 to 1.0, the Symbol Error Rate (SER) status for each SNR was output. As a result of computer simulation, QPSK converged at SNR 27 ㏈ at IEEE 802.11a, but was able to reduce SER overwhelmingly to SNR 12 ㏈ at IEEE 802.11n. Also, in 16QAM the convergence at r=0.0 is the same as for SNR22 ㏈, but in IEEE 802.11a it does not converge after r=0.6, but in IEEE 802.11n it does not converge only at r=0.9 and r=1.0 . As a future task, it will use IEEE802.11ac, which enables communication speeds several times faster than IEEE802.11n, examine whether it is possible to further improve accuracy. And it will continue our research to correspond MIMO communication.

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Electrical stimulation thresholds differ between V1 and V2

Electrical stimulation thresholds differ between V1 and V2

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Sabrina Jade Meikle Tim John Allison-Walker Maureen Ann Hagan Nicholas Seow Chiang Price Yan Tat Wong Department of Physiology and Biomedicine Discovery Institute - Neuroscience Program Monash University Clayton VIC Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Monash University Department of Engineering RMIT University

Cortical visual prostheses are designed to treat blindness by restoring visual perceptions through artificial electrical stimulation of the primary visual cortex (V1). Intracortical microelectrodes produce the smallest visual percepts and thus higher resolution vision - like a higher density of pixels on a monitor. However, intracortical microelectrodes must maintain a minimum spacing to preserve tissue integrity. One solution to increase the density of percepts is to implant and stimulate multiple visual areas, such as V1 and V2, although the properties of microstimulation in V2 remain largely unexplored. We provide a direct comparison of V1 and V2 microstimulation in two common marmoset monkeys. We find similarities in response trends between V1 and V2 but differences in threshold, neural activity duration, and spread of activity at the threshold current. This has implications for using multi-area stimulation to increase the resolution of cortical visual prostheses.

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Comparative Analysis of SVM and CNN Classifiers for EEG Signal Classification in Response to Different Auditory Stimuli

Comparative Analysis of SVM and CNN Classifiers for EEG Sign...

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Telecommunications and Intelligent systems (ICTIS), International Conference on

作者： Ahmed Tibermacine Djouher Akrour Rofeida Khamar Imad Eddine Tibermacine Abdelaziz Rabehi Department of Computer Science University of Biskra Biskra Algeria Department of Computer Automation and Management Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy Laboratory of Telecommunications and Smart Systems Faculty of Sciences and Technology Zian Achour University of Djelfa Djelfa Algeria

ISBN: (数字)9798331527396

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527402

This study aims to classify brainwave patterns using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in response to various auditory stimuli, specifically Quran recitation, participants’ favorite music, and Interstellar’s main theme. By analyzing the unique EEG responses elicited by these stimuli, the study explores cognitive and emotional processing differences. Two prominent classifiers, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), were utilized. SVM, combined with Power Spectral Density (PSD) features, achieved the highest accuracy of 95% when distinguishing Quran recitation from rest. CNN, particularly with Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) features, exhibited strong performance in distinguishing between different auditory stimuli, with an average accuracy exceeding 90%. These results highlight the critical role of feature extraction techniques, such as PSD and KDE, in improving classification performance and deepening our understanding of EEG-based emotional and cognitive responses to auditory stimuli.

关键词： Support vector machines Accuracy Recurrent neural networks Pattern classification Brain modeling Feature extraction Electroencephalography Telecommunications Convolutional neural networks Object recognition

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computer vision for road imaging and pothole detection:a state-of-the-art review of systems and algorithms

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2022年第4期4卷 3-18页

作者： Nachuan Ma Jiahe Fan Wenshuo Wang JinWu Yu Jiang Lihua Xie Rui Fan Department of Control Science and Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Intelligent Autonomous Systemsand State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Autonomous SystemsTongji UniversityShanghai 201804P.R.China Department of Civil Engineering McGill UniversityMontréalQC H3A 0C3Canada Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR 999077P.R.China CTO Office ClearMotion Inc.BillericaMA 01821USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Avenue639798Singapore

computer vision algorithms have been utilized for 3-D road imaging and pothole detection for over two ***,there is a lack of systematic survey articles on state-of-the-art(SoTA)computer vision techniques,especially deep learningmodels,developed to tackle these *** article first introduces the sensing systems employed for 2-D and 3-D road data acquisition,including camera(s),laser scanners and Microsoft *** then comprehensively reviews the SoTA computer vision algorithms,including(1)classical 2-D image processing,(2)3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation and(3)machine/deep learning,developed for road pothole *** article also discusses the existing challenges and future development trends of computer vision-based road pothole detection approaches:classical 2-D image processing-based and 3-D point cloud modelling and segmentation-based approaches have already become history;and convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have demonstrated compelling road pothole detection results and are promising to break the bottleneck with future advances in self/un-supervised learning for multi-modal semantic *** believe that this survey can serve as practical guidance for developing the next-generation road condition assessment systems.

关键词： computer vision road imaging pothole detection deep learning image processing point cloud modelling convolutional neural networks

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HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation and Hierarchical Refinement for Camera Relocalisation

HR-APR: APR-agnostic Framework with Uncertainty Estimation a...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Changkun Liu Shuai Chen Yukun Zhao Huajian Huang Victor Prisacariu Tristan Braud Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Engineering Science Active Vision Laboratory University of Oxford United Kingdom Division of Integrated Systems Design The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

ISBN: (数字)9798350384574

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384581

Absolute Pose Regressors (APRs) directly estimate camera poses from monocular images, but their accuracy is unstable for different queries. Uncertainty-aware APRs provide uncertainty information on the estimated pose, alleviating the impact of these unreliable predictions. However, existing uncertainty modelling techniques are often coupled with a specific APR architecture, resulting in suboptimal performance compared to state-of-the-art (SOTA) APR methods. This work introduces a novel APR-agnostic framework, HR-APR, that formulates uncertainty estimation as cosine similarity estimation between the query and database features. It does not rely on or affect APR network architecture, which is flexible and computationally efficient. In addition, we take advantage of the uncertainty for pose refinement to enhance the performance of APR. The extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework, reducing 27.4% and 15.2% of computational overhead on the 7Scenes and Cambridge Landmarks datasets while maintaining the SOTA accuracy in single-image APRs.

关键词： Training Uncertainty Accuracy Databases Pipelines Estimation Network architecture

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Enhanced Prognostics and Health Management in Automated Driving systems: Using Graph Neural Networks to Recognize Operational Contexts

Enhanced Prognostics and Health Management in Automated Driv...

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Prognostics and System Health Management Conference (PHM)

作者： Peng Su Yeqi Wang Conglei Xiang Erik Wendel Madhav Mishra DeJiu Chen Department of Engineering Design Mechatronics Division KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Embedded Systems Master Program of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) School KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Digital Systems Division RISE Research Institutes of Sweden Gothenburg Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350360585

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360592

Prognostics and health management (PHM) is an engineering discipline that aims to maintain system behaviour and function and ensure mission success, safety and effectiveness. Addressing the challenges in prognostics and health management for modern intelligent systems, especially automated driving systems, is complex due to the contextual nature of faults. This complexity necessitates a thorough understanding of spatial, and temporal conditions, and relationships within operational scenarios and life-cycle stages. This paper introduces a framework designed to automatically recognize driving scenarios in automated driving systems using graph neural networks (GNNs). The framework extracts relational data from image frames, constructing graph-based models and transforming unstructured sensory data into structured data with diverse node types and relationships. A specific graph neural network processes the graph model to reveal and detect operational conditions and relationships. The proposed framework is evaluated using the KITTI dataset, demonstrating superior performance compared to conventional feed-forward networks such as MLP, particularly in handling relational data.

关键词： Graph neural networks Data models Safety Complexity theory Data mining Prognostics and health management Intelligent systems

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Intelligent Constellation Generation based on Autoencoder Communication System

Intelligent Constellation Generation based on Autoencoder Co...

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computer Vision and Machine Intelligence (CVMI), International Conference on

作者： Kaisei Matsumoto Takao Toma Shiho Oshiro Tomohisa Wada Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Program University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Magna Design Net Inc Okinawa Japan Information Technology Center University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan Dept. of Engineering Area of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems University of the Ryukyus Okinawa Japan

This paper discusses intelligent constellation generation based on autoencoder communication system. In previous studies, the amplitude was set to fluctuate between r=0.0 and 1.0. However, when checking the generated constellation, distortion was confirmed instead of the conventional symbol arrangement. Therefore, in this paper, it compares the case where the amplitude is constant, the case where the average amplitude within a Minibatch is 1, and the case where the average amplitude is 1 for Interval time. The communication standard used in this research is IEEE 802.11a, assuming wireless Local Area Network (LAN) specifications. The IEEE 802.11a standard has an Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) length of 64, a subcarrier number of 52, and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), modulation methods. A guard interval of 800 ns is added and the symbol length is 4000 ns. First, a simulation was performed under the condition that the amplitude was kept constant. QPSK with 4 symbols, constant amplitude model is rounded more than previous research result. 16QAM with 16 symbols is arranged regularly like lined up on a line. Second, the simulation was performed under the condition that the average amplitude within the minibatch was set to 1. QPSK with 4 symbols, appears to rotate clockwise. 16QAM with 16 symbols has a more uniform symbol placement than previous research result. Third, a simulation was performed under the condition that the average amplitude within Interval time was set to 1. QPSK with 4 symbols, is the closest to square among QPSK output results so far. The direction is slightly tilted, but if it can be rotated a little more, it may be possible to reproduce the same symbol arrangement as before. 16QAM with 16 symbols, the symbol arrangement is biased as a whole. However, it can be seen that are arranged in line on the line, perhaps due to regularity. As future work, in addition to the conditions set this time, it will exa

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