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American Control Conference

作者： Pedro Casau Christopher G. Mayhew Ricardo G. Sanfelice Carlos Silvestre Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Robotics and Systems in Engineering and Science (LARSyS) Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade Tecnica de Lisboa 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal Department of Computer Engineering University of California Santa Cruz CA 95064 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Macau Macao China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479917730

In this paper, we show that the existence of centrally synergistic potential functions on the n-dimensional sphere, denoted by S~n, is a sufficient condition for the global asymptotic stabilization of a point in S~n. Additionally, if these functions decrease exponentially fast during flows and are bounded from above and from below by some polynomial function of the tracking error, then the reference point can be globally exponentially stabilized. We construct two kinds of centrally synergistic functions: the first kind consists of a finite family of potential functions on S~n while the second kind consists of an uncountable number of potential functions on S~n. While the former generates a simpler jump logic, the latter is optimal in the sense that it generates flows with minimal length.

关键词： Tin Manifolds Robots Trajectory Robustness Three-dimensional displays computers

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Control Schemes for Passive Teleoperation systems over Wide Area Communication Networks with Time Varying Delay

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第1期11卷 100-108页

作者： Shafiqul Islam Xiaoping P.Liu Abdulmotaleb El Saddik Lakmal Seneviratne Jorge Dias School of Information Technology and Engineering University of Ottawa School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Robotics and Mechanical Engineering Khalifa University of Science & Technology Department of Systems and Computer Engineering Carleton University Electrical Engineering New York University Division of Engineering Kings College London Robotics and Electrical and Computer Engineering Khalifa University of Science & Technology Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra

In this paper,the problem of time varying telecommunication delays in passive teleoperation systems is *** design comprises delayed position,velocity and position-velocity signals with the local position and velocity signals of the master and slave *** adaptive control terms are employed locally to cope with uncertain parameters associated with the gravity loading vector of the master and slave ***-Krasovskii function is employed for three methods to establish asymptotic tracking property of the closed loop teleoperation *** stability analysis is derived for both symmetrical and unsymmetrical time varying delays in the forward and backward communication channel that connects the local and remote ***,evaluation results are presented to illustrate the efectiveness of the proposed design for real-time applications.

关键词： Teleoperation telerobotics Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional time varying delay passive systems

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Visual servoing of mobile robots using non-central catadioptric cameras

Visual servoing of mobile robots using non-central catadiopt...

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作者： Aliakbarpour, Hadi Tahri, Omar Araujo, Helder Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Portugal Computer Science Department University of Missouri-Columbia United States

This paper presents novel contributions on image-based control of a mobile robot using a general catadioptric camera model. A catadioptric camera is usually made up by a combination of a conventional camera and a curved mirror resulting in an omnidirectional sensor capable of providing 360° panoramic views of a scene. Modeling such cameras has been the subject of significant research interest in the computer vision community leading to a deeper understanding of the image properties and also to different models for different types of configurations. Visual servoing applications using catadioptric cameras have essentially been using central cameras and the corresponding unified projection model. So far only in a few cases more general models have been used. In this paper we address the problem of visual servoing using the so-called radial model. The radial model can be applied to many camera configurations and in particular to non-central catadioptric systems with mirrors that are symmetric around an axis coinciding with the optical axis. In this case, we show that the radial model can be used with a non-central catadioptric camera to allow effective image-based visual servoing (IBVS) of a mobile robot. Using this model, which is valid for a large set of catadioptric cameras (central or non-central), new visual features are proposed to control the degrees of freedom of a mobile robot moving on a plane. In addition to several simulation results, a set of experiments was carried out on Robot Operating System (ROS)-based platform which validates the applicability, effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method for image-based control of a non-holonomic robot. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mobile robots

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A robust nonlinear controller for nontrivial quadrotor maneuvers: Approach and verification

A robust nonlinear controller for nontrivial quadrotor maneu...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： Yuyi Liu J. M. Montenbruck P. Stegagno F. Allgower A. Zell Department of Computer Science University of Tubingen Tubingen Germany Autonomous Robotics and Human-Machine Systems group Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tubingen Germany Institute for Systems Theory and Automatic Control University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen Tubingen Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg DE

This paper presents a nonlinear control approach for quadrotor Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs), which combines a backstepping-like regulator based on the solution of a certain class of global output regulation problems for the rigid body equations on SO(3), a robust controller for the system with bounded disturbances, as well as a trajectory generator using a model predictive control method. The proposed algorithm is endowed with strong convergence properties so that it allows the quadrotor MAVs to reach almost all the desired attitudes. The control approach is implemented on a high-payload-capable quadcopter with unstructured dynamics and unknown disturbances. The performance of our algorithm is demonstrated through a series of experimental evaluations and comparisons with another control method on normal and aggressive trajectory tracking tasks.

关键词： Attitude control Trajectory Robustness Heuristic algorithms Mathematical model Tracking Aerodynamics

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Towards an immersive and natural gesture controlled interface for intervention underwater robots

Towards an immersive and natural gesture controlled interfac...

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OCEANS - Europe

作者： Juan C. García Bruno Patrão Javier Pérez João Seabra Paulo Menezes Jorge Dias Pedro J. Sanz Universitat Jaume I Castello de la Plana Comunitat Valenciana ES Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Department of Computer Science and Engineering Universitat Jaume I Spain Khalifa University of Science and Technology and Research Abu UAE Dhabi

During underwater intervention missions, one of the critical issues, from the human-machine interaction perspective, concerns the operator's stress, which should be able to control the intervention system, mainly due to the high complexity of information displayed through specifically designed Graphical User Interface, and the usually available master-slave control architecture. So, this paper introduces a new approach with the aim to minimize the aforementioned drawbacks and, in the meantime, increasing the user's immersive feeling. Preliminary results are discussed highlighting the pros and cons of this novel procedure.

关键词： Cameras Robot vision systems Graphical user interfaces Proposals

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Infeasibility-free inverse kinematics method

Infeasibility-free inverse kinematics method

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Wael Suleiman Fumio Kanehiro Eiichi Yoshida Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke Quebec Canada Intelligent Systems Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan CNRS-AIST JRL (Joint Robotics Laboratory) Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467372435

The problem of inverse kinematics is revisited in the present paper. The paper is focusing on the problem of solving the inverse kinematics problem while respecting velocity limits on both the robot's joints and the end-effector. Even-though the conventional inverse kinematics algorithms have been proven to be efficient in many applications, defining an admissible trajectory for the end-effector is still a burdensome task for the user, and the problem can easily become unsolvable. The main idea behind the proposed algorithms is to consider the sampling time as a free variable, hence adding more flexibility to the optimization problem associated with the inverse kinematics. We prove that the reformulated problem has always a solution if the end-effector path is in the reachable space of the robot, thus solving the problem of infeasibility of conventional inverse kinematics methods. To validate the proposed approach, we have conducted three simulations scenarios. The simulation results point that while the conventional inverse kinematics methods fail to track precisely a desired end-effector trajectory, the proposed algorithms always succeed.

关键词： Kinematics Optimization Robots Trajectory Algorithm design and analysis Jacobian matrices Angular velocity

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Fiber optically sensorized multi-fingered robotic hand

Fiber optically sensorized multi-fingered robotic hand

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and systems

作者： L. Jiang K. Low J. Costa R. J. Black Yong-Lae Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Intelligent Fiber Optic Systems (IFOS) Corp. Santa Clara CA USA Robotics Institute in the School of Computer Science and the Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a fiber optically sensorized robotic hand for multi purpose manipulation tasks. The robotic hand has three fingers that enable both pinch and power grips. The main bone structure was made of a rigid plastic material and covered by soft skin. Both bone and skin contain embedded fiber optics for force and tactile sensing, respectively. Eight fiber optic strain sensors were used for rigid bone force sensing, and six fiber optic strain sensors were used for soft skin tactile sensing. For characterization, different loads were applied in two orthogonal axes at the fingertip and the sensor signals were measured from the bone structure. The skin was also characterized by applying a light load on different places for contact localization. The actuation of the hand was achieved by a tendon-driven under-actuated system. Gripping motions are implemented using an active tendon located on the volar side of each finger and connected to a motor. Opening motions of the hand were enabled by passive elastic tendons located on the dorsal side of each finger.

关键词： Robot sensing systems Tendons Bones Skin Optical fiber sensors

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Development of a robotic prototype system for the preparation and partition of radioactive products

Development of a robotic prototype system for the preparatio...

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2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2015

作者： Guevara, Gabriela Lima, José Leitão, Paulo Do Carmo Baptista, Maria Polytechnic Institute of Bragança Campus Sta Apolónia Apartado 1134 Bragança5301-857 Portugal Robotics and Intelligent Systems Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal LIACC Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Laboratory Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal Medical Physics Department Dr. Campos Costa - Consultório T.C. SA. Rua de Avis 13 Porto4050-075 Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479978007

The ionizing radiation is used in the nuclear medicine field during the execution of diagnosis exams. The continuous exposure of humans to the radiation may cause organs and tissues damage, being its severity dependent of the quantity of the radiation and the exposure time. The main objective of this work is to design a virtual environment to carry out the simulation of the several stages for the preparation of radioactive products based on the use of a robotic arm. In this work, the V-REP robotic simulation tool was used for the specification and development of the manipulation processes, without the need to consider the real manipulator, being timely and costly efficient. During this study, the preparation process of the dosages in the diagnostic exams was analyzed, being posteriorly translated into mechanical processes for a better perception. The materials and equipment needed were designed as virtual 3D models and posteriorly imported into the V-REP simulation platform in order to be distributed and programmed to achieve a closer approximation to reality. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Ionizing radiation

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Microscopic image segmentation using quantum inspired evolutionary algorithm

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Journal of Advanced Microscopy Research 2015年第3期10卷 164-173页

作者： Choudhury, Alokeparna Samanta, Sourav Dey, Nilanjan Ashour, Amira S. Balas-Timar, Dana Gospodinov, Mitko Gospodinova, Evgeniya Department of Computer Science and Engineering University Institute of Technology Burdwan West Bengal713104 India Department of Information Technology Techno India College of Technology Kolkata700156 India Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Engineering Tanta University 31527 Egypt Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad Arad310130 Romania Institute of Systems Engineering and Robotics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia1113 Bulgaria

Image segmentation has became an important research area for various medical imaging fields. The automated complex analytical process makes it a huge time consuming procedure. The intention to microscopic images segmentation is to extract the cellular, nuclear or tissue components. This is considered a challenging process due to the large variations of features of these components (size, shape, orientation or texture). In this paper, a novel approach to deal with rats' microscopic hippocampus images segmentation based on the hybrid evolutionary strategy (ES) is proposed. The proposed work used the quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (QIEA) to establish the optimal level for the multilevel thresholding. The QIEA depends on both quantum and evolutionary computing. An intensive works for automatic hippocampus segmentation is performed on a database of 179 images. The acquired results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm provides superior segmentation with eight levels (L = 8), that offer the highest correlation between the original and the corresponding segmented image. © Copyright 2015 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Evolutionary algorithms

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Self-adaptive harris corner detector on heterogeneous many-core processor 8

Self-adaptive harris corner detector on heterogeneous many-c...

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2014 8th Conference on Design and Architectures for Signal and Image Processing, DASIP 2014

作者： Paul, Johny Stechele, Walter Sousa, Éricles Lari, Vahid Hannig, Frank Teich, Jürgen Kröhnert, Manfred Asfour, Tamim Institute for Integrated Systems Technical University of Munich Germany Department of Computer Science University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Germany Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9791092279054

The recent years have shown the emergence of heterogeneous system architecture (HSA), which offers massive computational power assembled into a compact design. computer vision applications with massive inherent parallelism highly benefits from such heterogeneous processors with on-chip CPU and GPU units. The highly parallel and compute intensive parts of the application program can be mapped to the GPU while the control flow and high level tasks may run on the CPU. However, they pose considerable challenge to software development due to their hybrid architecture. Sharing of resources (GPU or CPU) among applications running concurrently, leads to variations in processing interval and prolonged processing intervals leads to low quality results (frame drops) for computer vision algorithms. In this work, we propose resource-awareness and self organisation within the application layer to adapt to available resources on the heterogeneous processor. The benefits of the new model is demonstrated using a widely used computer vision algorithm called Harris corner detector. A resource-aware runtime-system and a heterogeneous processor were used for evaluation and the results indicate a well constrained processing interval and reduced frame-drops. Our evaluations demonstrate up to 20% improvements in processing rate and accuracy of the detected corner points for Harris corner detection. © 2014 European Electronic Chips & systems design Initiative - ECSI.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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