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6th Australian Microwave Symposium, AMS 2025

作者： Sultan, Kamel Abbosh, Amin The University of Queensland The School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science QLD4072 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379969

An electromagnetic imaging system for real-Time knee injury detection and monitoring is presented. The system features an 8-element MIMO antenna array with pattern and polarization diversity designed to operate over a wide bandwidth (0.8-2.7 GHz). Each MIMO element employs four orthogonal feed lines and a substrate-integrated waveguide cavity for enhanced directivity and unidirectional radiation. A flexible matched layer is used to ensure efficient energy transfer and compatibility with the dynamic knee motion. The MIMO module is fabricated and tested on a realistic knee phantom. A modified delay-And-sum imaging algorithm is used to generate knee images for cases emulating various scenarios, considering early-stage cases and the challenges of dynamic movement. The results demonstrate the capability of the system to accurately detect and localize ligament tears, outperforming conventional linear and dual-polarized systems. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Directional patterns (antenna)

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Aircraft Simulation in Game Development Using Reinforcement Learning 4

Aircraft Simulation in Game Development Using Reinforcement ...

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4th International Conference on Robotics, electrical and Signal Processing Techniques, ICREST 2025

作者： Redwan Talha, Md. Navid Hassan, Tonmoy Sabab, Al Mithila, Shaila Sharmin Ahmed, Syed Hasib Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Plot # 15 Dhaka1229 Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bangladesh Dhaka1229 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sylhet Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530938

The progress in technology has provided opportunities for innovative solutions to intricate challenges. One possible method is employing reinforcement learning to model flying trajectories in intricate environments. Game development is a discipline that involves intricate reasoning and dynamic interplay between the user and the game environment. By employing several gaming engines, developers are now able to replicate real-life situations through the implementation of diverse machine learning methods. Aircraft simulation in game creation using reinforcement learning involves creating a visual depiction of real-life settings where aircraft may navigate complex environments without direct input from a human user. Currently, reinforcement learning is not widely applied in game development, particularly in simulation-based path finding techniques. This algorithm approaches possess the efficacy and capacity to generate sophisticated neural networks capable of directing an agent to do certain tasks. The aim of this project is to create aircraft simulations for game development by utilizing reinforcement-learning techniques, so that it can provide a foundational idea of the usage of this algorithm in path-detection based decision-making techniques. The goal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of reinforcement learning in a real-world scenario, where the aircraft independently assesses and selects its flying trajectory. The system will undergo testing in three distinct phases, involving the utilization of Blender3D, Unity 3D, and Anaconda prompts. The results will then be compared using TensorFlow. Several training sessions will be conducted in various environments using the Anaconda environment to optimize the outcomes. In the latter stages of development, a dynamic user interface will be implemented to enhance the user's experience. The method is anticipated to produce 152% improved AI-trained data, which can be utilized for constructing extensive simulation and game-proj

关键词： Flight simulators

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An Automated Approach to Discovering Software Refactorings by Comparing Successive Versions

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IEEE Transactions on Software engineering 2025年第5期51卷 1358-1380页

作者： Liu, Bo Liu, Hui Niu, Nan Zhang, Yuxia Li, Guangjie Jiang, He Jiang, Yanjie University of Cincinnati Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CincinnatiOH United States National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Beijing China School of Software Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing China Peking University School of Computer Science Beijing China

Software developers and maintainers frequently conduct software refactorings to improve software quality. Identifying the conducted software refactorings may significantly facilitate the comprehension of software evolution, and thus facilitate software maintenance and evolution. Besides that, the identified refactorings are also valuable for data-driven approaches in software refactoring. To this end, researchers have proposed a few approaches to identifying software refactorings automatically. However, the performance (especially precision) of such approaches deserves substantial improvement. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel refactoring detection approach, called REEXTRACTOR+. At the heart of REEXTRACTOR+ is a reference-based entity matching algorithm that matches coarse-grained code entities (e.g., classes and methods) between two successive versions, and a context-aware statement matching algorithm that matches statements within a pair of matched methods. We evaluated REEXTRACTOR+ on a benchmark consisting of 400 commits from 20 real-world projects. The evaluation results suggested that REEXTRACTOR+ significantly outperformed the state of the art in refactoring detection, reducing the number of false positives by 59.6% and improving recall by 19.2%. We also evaluated the performance of the proposed matching algorithms that serve as the cornerstone of refactoring detection. The evaluation results suggested that the proposed algorithms excel in matching code entities, substantially reducing the number of mistakes (false positives plus false negatives) by 67% compared to the state-of-the-art approaches. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Software quality

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Automatic emotion recognition using deep neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-30页

作者： Sujatha, R. Chatterjee, Jyotir Moy Pathy, Baibhav Hu, Yu-Chen School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of CSE Graphic Era University Dehradun India School of Electrical Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India Department of Computer Science Tunghai University Taichung City Taiwan

Emotions are a vital semantic part of human correspondence. Emotions are significant for human correspondence as well as basic for human–computer cooperation. Viable correspondence between people is possibly achieved when both the importance and the emotion of the correspondence are perceived by all groups included. Understanding the significance of language has generally been concentrated on in natural language processing (NLP) as a semantic examination. In NLP, the text can be handled appropriately for classification. Emotion detection from facial emotion is the subfield of social signal processing applied in a wide assortment of regions, explicitly for human and PC collaboration. Many researchers have proposed various approaches, generally utilizing machine learning concepts. Automatic emotion recognition (AER) is significant for working with consistent intuitiveness between a person and a smart device toward fully acknowledging an intelligent society. Many researchers examined cross-lingual and multilingual speech emotion as a stage toward language-free emotion acknowledgment in natural speech. In the present work, we are proposing a deep learning-based AER system using four openly accessible datasets, namely Basic Arabic Vocal Emotions Dataset (BAVED), Acted Emotional Speech Dynamic Database (AESDD), Urdu written in Latin/Roman Script (URDU), and Toronto Emotional Speech Set (TESS), by utilizing the Jupyter notebook and a Python library for music and audio synthesis named Librosa. The experimental results exhibited that the proposed approach achieves better than the existing approaches, i.e., the accuracy of the proposed system with the URDU dataset is 96.24%, the TESS dataset is 99.10%, the AESDD dataset is 65.97%, and the BAVED dataset is 73.12%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Semantics

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Enhancing Security in Microgrids via Grid-Forming Converter Control by Contingency Mitigation, Overload Protection, and Voltage Balancing

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IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2025年第3期40卷 1254-1266页

作者： Häselbarth, Stefan Strunz, Kai The Chair of Sustainable Electric Networks and Sources of Energy School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Technische Universität Berlin Berlin10587 Germany

System-critical applications in microgrids call for the continuation of power supply, even under failure, in order to provide high levels of power quality and security. This is supported by the proposed method of comprehensive converter control for counteracting contingencies (C5) in four-wire electrical networks. The method detects and addresses unbalanced short-circuit faults and line overloading by means of algorithm-based mitigation functions to protect converter hardware and continue operation of grid-forming voltage sourced converters. The combination of three mitigation functions is devised for the grid-forming converter control: the maximum sinusoidal current utilizer, the overload phase balancer, and the fast virtual impedance-based current limiter. Through this complementary set of functions, it becomes possible to achieve a continued converter operation at nominal phase voltages in non-faulty phases and to provide full current utilization in faulty phases under short-circuit scenarios. The method provides a fast and accurate current limitation without distorting fault currents, as well as the ability to transition smoothly between overload conditions, contingencies, and normal operation. In this way, the method contributes to maintaining power quality. Simulations and laboratory experiments demonstrate the method’s effectiveness and confirm its added value in enhancing modern power supply. ©1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Microgrids

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Verifying or Clarifying? User Preferences for Mobile Crowdsourcing in Response to Seemingly Inconsistent Sensor Data

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Proceedings of the ACM on Human-computer Interaction 2025年第2期9卷 1-35页

作者： Chiang, You-Hsuan Hsu, Je-Wei Chiu, Hsin-Lun Liu, Chung-En Huang, Tzu-Yu Chang, Yung-Ju KTH Royal Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stockholm Sweden National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Computer Science Hsinchu Taiwan

In the realm of smart cities, sensor technologies play a pivotal role in monitoring urban facilities and environments, providing real-time, site-specific information to residents. However, discrepancies often arise in sensor data due to variances in granularity, abstraction, and scope, which can foster uncertainty regarding the actual conditions on-site. This study explores whether, under these circumstances, individuals prefer on-site mobile crowds for verification purposes or for the provision of supplementary contextual information to aid in decision-making. Conducting an online study with 100 participants from Taiwan, who engaged in a think-aloud process while utilizing smart city sensor data for decision-making, our findings indicate that participants more often (54%) preferred seeking verification over supplementary contextual information (46%). Both pre-existing expectations and the sense of task urgency affected participants’ choices between verification and supplementary contextual information. However, we found that the driving factor for seeking supplementary contextual information was not sensor data deviating from pre-existing expectations, but rather the absence of such pre-existing expectations. Our qualitative data also uncovered five primary motivations and four factors influencing the choice of crowdsourced information. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of how people leverage on-site mobile crowds to supplement sensor data in the context of smart cities. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Crowdsourcing

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How Lightweight Deep Learning Enhances Performance in DPU-Accelerated Autonomous Driving on Zynq SoC 11

How Lightweight Deep Learning Enhances Performance in DPU-Ac...

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11th International Conference on Mechatronics and Robotics engineering, ICMRE 2025

作者： Hwang, Gyu Hyeon Oh, HoBin Jeon, Jae Wook Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509293

This study presents a lightweight deep learning model developed for DPU-accelerated systems. It aims to provide real-time autonomous driving on resource-constrained systems such as the Ultra96v2. A customized kids electric car served as the platform. Custom power supply and steering control systems were set up in the car to enable real-world testing. To enhance inference performance, various methods were used. These included input size reduction, channel-pruning, and quantization. As a consequence, the pruned and quantized YOLOv3-Tiny model produced a frame rate of 67.592 FPS. This is roughly a 25x increase over the original YOLOv3's 2.715 FPS on Ultra96v2's PL domain. These results show that real-time deployment is feasible on FPGA-based platforms. The work offers insights for creating efficient and scalable embedded systems for self-driving vehicle system. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Direct digital control systems

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Global Color-Aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete Wavelet Transform 20th

Global Color-Aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete W...

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20th IFIP WG 10.3 International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, NPC 2024

作者： Chen, Bochao Tan, Junhao Li, Xiaoqiang Pei, Songwen School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819628292

The purpose of image arbitrary style transfer is to apply a given artistic or photorealistic style to a target content image. While existing methods can effectively transfer style information, the variability in color brightness features between the style and content images can significantly impact the quality of the style transfer. Specifically, traditional arbitrary style transfer relies on an encoder-decoder architecture of spatial-aware neural networks operating in the RGB domain, which typically preserves only local color brightness information and lacks a global color perception compared to the wavelet frequency domain. In this paper, we address the issue of insufficient global color perception in images from the perspective of image enhancement. We propose Global Color-aware Arbitrary Style Transfer with Discrete Wavelet Transform (GCAST), which achieves a balance between the global color characteristics of style images and the local details of content images. Our approach involves an encoder that integrates preliminary feature encoding through cross-layer attention fusion, while the decoder modifies frequency features using a wavelet-based adjustment block. To maintain a balance between content and style in the stylized images, we design a comprehensive loss function that incorporates multiple restoration loss, double style loss, and noise regularization loss. Extensive experiments comparing our method with state-of-the-art techniques demonstrate that our proposed model generates stylized images with superior results in terms of global color perception and human perceptual studies. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2025.

关键词： Decoding

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Learned, uncertainty-driven adaptive acquisition for photon-efficient scanning microscopy

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Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12269-12287页

作者： Ye, Cassandra Tong Han, Jiashu Liu, Kunzan Angelopoulos, Anastasios Griffith, Linda Monakhova, Kristina You, Sixian The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA02139 United States Fu Foundation School of Engineering and Applied Science Columbia University in The City of New York New YorkNY10027 United States University of California Berkeley Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Scanning microscopy systems, such as confocal and multiphoton microscopy, are powerful imaging tools for probing deep into biological tissue. However, scanning systems have an inherent trade-off between acquisition time, field of view, phototoxicity, and image quality. This often results in noisy measurements when fast, large field of view, and/or gentle imaging is needed. Deep learning could be used to denoise noisy microscopy measurements, but these algorithms can be prone to hallucination, which can be disastrous for medical and scientific applications. We propose a method to simultaneously denoise and predict pixel-wise uncertainty for scanning microscopy systems, improving algorithm trustworthiness and providing statistical guarantees for deep learning predictions. Furthermore, we propose to leverage this learned, pixel-wise uncertainty to drive an adaptive acquisition technique that rescans only the most uncertain regions of a sample, saving time and reducing the total light dose to the sample. We demonstrate our method on experimental confocal and multiphoton microscopy systems, showing that our uncertainty maps can pinpoint hallucinations in the deep learned predictions. Finally, with our adaptive acquisition technique, we demonstrate up to 16× reduction in acquisition time and total light dose while successfully recovering fine features in the sample and reducing hallucinations. We are the first to demonstrate distribution-free uncertainty quantification for a denoising task with real experimental data and the first to propose adaptive acquisition based on reconstruction uncertainty. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Pixels

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Diamagnetically Levitated and Trapped Graphite Mechanical Resonators 38

Diamagnetically Levitated and Trapped Graphite Mechanical Re...

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38th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, MEMS 2025

作者： Wang, Yunong Gage, Alexander Lee, Jaesung Feng, Philip X.-L. University of Florida Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering GainesvilleFL32611 United States University of Central Florida College of Engineering & Computer Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering OrlandoFL32816 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508890

We report on studying diamagnetic levitation and rigid body resonances of millimeter- to centimeter-scale trapped graphite mechanical resonators, by combining theoretical analysis with experimental demonstrations. Harnessing the strong diamagnetic susceptibility of pyrolytic graphite, we demonstrate stable levitation of square graphite thin plates with varying dimensions and masses above permanent magnets, without the need of active control. The resonance motions are excited by dielectric gradient forces and detected via an ultrasensitive optical interferometry system at room temperature. We observe rigid body resonance modes with frequencies between 25 Hz and 50 Hz and with their quality (Q) factors from 30 to 70. The Q factors are primarily constrained by air damping and eddy current damping. This work represents an initial step toward developing high-stability, anchor-less levitating resonant systems with large masses, paving the way for high-performance resonant sensors with minimal energy dissipation and exceptional thermal and mechanical isolation with very small power consumption. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Damping

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