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A Study on the Explainability of Thyroid Cancer Prediction:SHAP Values and Association-Rule Based Feature Integration Framework

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 3111-3138页

作者： Sujithra Sankar S.Sathyalakshmi Department of Computer Applications Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennaiTamil NaduIndia

In the era of advanced machine learning techniques,the development of accurate predictive models for complex medical conditions,such as thyroid cancer,has shown remarkable *** predictivemodels for thyroid cancer enhance early detection,improve resource allocation,and reduce ***,the widespread adoption of these models in clinical practice demands predictive performance along with interpretability and *** paper proposes a novel association-rule based feature-integratedmachine learning model which shows better classification and prediction accuracy than present *** study also focuses on the application of SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)values as a powerful tool for explaining thyroid cancer prediction *** the proposed method,the association-rule based feature integration framework identifies frequently occurring attribute combinations in the *** original dataset is used in trainingmachine learning models,and further used in generating SHAP values *** the next phase,the dataset is integrated with the dominant feature sets identified through association-rule based *** new integrated dataset is used in re-training the machine learning *** new SHAP values generated from these models help in validating the contributions of feature sets in predicting *** conventional machine learning models lack interpretability,which can hinder their integration into clinical decision-making *** this study,the SHAP values are introduced along with association-rule based feature integration as a comprehensive framework for understanding the contributions of feature sets inmodelling the *** study discusses the importance of reliable predictive models for early diagnosis of thyroid cancer,and a validation framework of *** proposed model shows an accuracy of 93.48%.Performance metrics such as precision,recall,F1-score,and the area un

关键词： Explainable AI machine learning clinical decision support systems thyroid cancer association-rule based framework SHAP values classification and prediction

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An enhanced framework for smart automated evaluations of answer scripts using NLP and deep learning methods

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8491-8513页

作者： G, Mohanraj R.K, Nadesh M, Marimuthu V, Sathiyapriya School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore632014 India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India Knowledge Institute of Technology Salem637504 India

The manual process of evaluating answer scripts is strenuous. Evaluators use the answer key to assess the answers in the answer scripts. Advancements in technology and the introduction of new learning paradigms need automation of the evaluation process. This work aims to develop an enhanced novel hybrid framework that can evaluate answer scripts and automatically assign marks for different type of questions based on keywords, grammar, symbols, special keywords, and the given factors. First, the proposed system uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to convert image answer scripts into an editable text format. Second, the sentence transformers, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique flips the answer script and answers key texts into word embedding vectors. To find similarity measures, these vectors are matched using BERT encoding, spearmanś rank-order correlation, and fuzzy search. At last, the proposed model is trained using Deep Columnar Convolutional Neural Network (DCCNN) in the third step with MINST and Kaggle handwritten mathematical symbols and tested with the segmented mathematical equations to find the similarity. The performance of proposed model is measured using precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-score, and its gives highest accuracy of 93% and 95% when compared to the existing methodologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Design and Development of Human Identification and Obstacle Detection System for Blind Using Machine Learning 2nd

Design and Development of Human Identification and Obstacle ...

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2nd International Conference on Deep sciences for Computing and Communications, IconDeepCom 2023

作者： Pandithurai, O. Dhiyaneswaran, P. Raj, S. B. Gokul Sriman, B. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031689048

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the millions of people worldwide suffer from visual impairment, whether partial or complete, which makes it challenging for them to detect obstacles and identify people around them. However, recent advancements in information technology and spatial cognition theory have created an opportunity for researchers and developers to explore innovative solutions that can empower visually impaired individuals, enhance inclusivity, and improve accessibility. To this end, a novel framework has been proposed that utilizes artificial vision, specifically an intelligent system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm. This system automatically recognizes human and scene objects or obstacles in real-time, even in difficult situation with large moving object. The system provides the user with a complete information, including the position of located targets, and alerts the user via a voice message about obstaclesor known or unknown individuals. The proposed work aims to create a user-friendly technology that fulfills the essential needs of physically disabled individuals, providing them with an easy-to-use interface, convenience, portability, and cost-effectiveness. Ultimately, this approach enables blind users to navigate and manage indoor and outdoor locations that they may not have been aware of otherwise, enhancing their autonomy and quality of life. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Vision Based Real Time Monitoring System for Elderly Fall Event Detection Using Deep Learning

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computer Systems science & engineering 2022年第7期42卷 87-103页

作者： G.Anitha S.Baghavathi Priya Department of Information Technology Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeChennai602105India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeChennai602105India

Human fall detection plays a vital part in the design of sensor based alarming system,aid physical therapists not only to lessen after fall effect and also to save human *** and timely identiﬁcation can offer quick medical ser-vices to the injured people and prevent from serious *** vision-based approaches have been developed by the placement of cameras in diverse everyday *** present times,deep learning(DL)models par-ticularly convolutional neural networks(CNNs)have gained much importance in the fall detection *** this motivation,this paper presents a new vision based elderly fall event detection using deep learning(VEFED-DL)*** proposed VEFED-DL model involves different stages of operations namely pre-processing,feature extraction,classiﬁcation,and parameter ***-ily,the digital video camera is used to capture the RGB color images and the video is extracted into a set of *** improving the image quality and elim-inate noise,the frames are processed in three levels namely resizing,augmenta-tion,and min–max based ***,MobileNet model is applied as a feature extractor to derive the spatial features that exist in the preprocessed *** addition,the extracted spatial features are then fed into the gated recur-rent unit(GRU)to extract the temporal dependencies of the human ***,a group teaching optimization algorithm(GTOA)with stacked autoenco-der(SAE)is used as a binary classiﬁcation model to determine the existence of fall or non-fall *** GTOA is employed for the parameter optimization of the SAE model in such a way that the detection performance can be *** order to assess the fall detection performance of the presented VEFED-DL model,a set of simulations take place on the UR fall detection dataset and multi-ple cameras fall *** experimental outcomes highlighted the superior per-formance of the presented method over the recent methods.

关键词： computer vision elderly people fall detection deep learning metaheuristics object detection parameter optimization

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NeurDB: an AI-powered autonomous data system

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 129-150页

作者： Beng Chin OOI Shaofeng CAI Gang CHEN Yanyan SHEN Kian-Lee TAN Yuncheng WU Xiaokui XIAO Naili XING Cong YUE Lingze ZENG Meihui ZHANG Zhanhao ZHAO School of Computing National University of Singapore College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Information Renmin University of China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology

In the wake of rapid advancements in artificial intelligence(AI), we stand on the brink of a transformative leap in data systems. The imminent fusion of AI and DB(AI×DB) promises a new generation of data systems, which will relieve the burden on end-users across all industry sectors by featuring AI-enhanced functionalities, such as personalized and automated in-database AI-powered analytics, and selfdriving capabilities for improved system performance. In this paper, we explore the evolution of data systems with a focus on deepening the fusion of AI and DB. We present NeurDB, an AI-powered autonomous data system designed to fully embrace AI design in each major system component and provide in-database AI-powered analytics. We outline the conceptual and architectural overview of NeurDB, discuss its design choices and key components, and report its current development and future plan.

关键词： AI$\times$DB in-database AI intelligent data system

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An Encoding-Decoding Framework Based on CNN for circ RNA-RBP Binding Sites Prediction

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 256-263页

作者： Yajing GUO Xiujuan LEI Yi PAN School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal University Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Department of Computer Science Georgia State University

Predicting RNA binding protein(RBP) binding sites on circular RNAs(circ RNAs) is a fundamental step to understand their interaction mechanism. Numerous computational methods are developed to solve this problem, but they cannot fully learn the features. Therefore, we propose circ-CNNED, a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based encoding and decoding framework. We first adopt two encoding methods to obtain two original matrices. We preprocess them using CNN before fusion. To capture the feature dependencies, we utilize temporal convolutional network(TCN) and CNN to construct encoding and decoding blocks, respectively. Then we introduce global expectation pooling to learn latent information and enhance the robustness of circ-CNNED. We perform circ-CNNED across 37 datasets to evaluate its effect. The comparison and ablation experiments demonstrate that our method is superior. In addition, motif enrichment analysis on four datasets helps us to explore the reason for performance improvement of circ-CNNED.

关键词： Circular RNAs (circRNAs) RNA binding proteins Convolutional neural network Temporal convolutional network Encoder-decoder network

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Multi-label, Classification-based Prediction of Breast Cancer Metastasis Directions

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第1期52卷 1-10页

作者： Wang, Tingting Fan, Qi Tan, Liang Zhang, Beier School of Computer and Software Engineering Anhui Institute of Information Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huaibei Normal University China School of Computer and Software Engineering Anhui Institute of Information Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huaibei Normal University China

Predicting the metastatic direction of primary breast cancer (BC), thus assisting physicians in precise treatment, strict follow-up, and effectively improving the prognosis. The clinical data of 293,946 patients with primary BC diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Multiple interpolations and Multi-label Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique methods were used for data analysis, and machine learning model was established for multi-label classification. Finally, Surgical information, lymph node status, distant metastasis, tumor size, chemotherapy, histological type, and radiotherapy had significant influence as inputs. Compared with the k-nearest neighbor model, average accuracies of the decision tree and random forest (RF) models increased from 88.84% to 93.59% and 94.14%, respectively. Their average precision, recall rate, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve and weighted-F1 increased from 87.24% to 95.85% and 94.74%, 87.73% to 90.40% and 91.76%, 87.07% to 92.16% and 93.45%, 97.11% to 99.53% and 99.95%, 82.13% to 89.44% and 90.48%, respectively. In conclusion, the RF model, which showed the best performance, can be used in multi-label prediction of BC metastasis directions, and can assist physicians in diagnosing and treating patients with primary BC. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Optimizing Image Retrieval in Cloud Servers with TN-AGW: A Secure and Efficient Approach

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B 2025年第2期106卷 459-473页

作者： Ponnuviji, N.P. Nirmala, G. Kokila, M. L. Sworna Priyadharshini, S. Indra Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMK College of Engineering and Technology Puduvoyal Thiruvallur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering RMD Engineering College Chennai India Department of Computing Technologies School of Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nādu Kattankulathur Chennai India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai India

The increasing use of cloud-based image storage and retrieval systems has made ensuring security and efficiency crucial. The security enhancement of image retrieval and image archival in cloud computing has received considerable attention in transmitting data and ensuring data confidentiality among cloud servers and users. Various traditional image retrieval techniques regarding security have developed in recent years but they do not apply to large-scale environments. This paper introduces a new approach called Triple network-based adaptive grey wolf (TN-AGW) to address these challenges. The TN-AGW framework combines the adaptability of the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm with the resilience of Triple Network (TN) to enhance image retrieval in cloud servers while maintaining robust security measures. By using adaptive mechanisms, TN-AGW dynamically adjusts its parameters to improve the efficiency of image retrieval processes, reducing latency and utilization of resources. However, the image retrieval process is efficiently performed by a triple network and the parameters employed in the network are optimized by Adaptive Grey Wolf (AGW) optimization. Imputation of missing values, Min–Max normalization, and Z-score standardization processes are used to preprocess the images. The image extraction process is undertaken by a modified convolutional neural network (MCNN) approach. Moreover, input images are taken from datasets such as the Landsat 8 dataset and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) dataset is employed for image retrieval. Further, the performance such as accuracy, precision, recall, specificity, F1-score, and false alarm rate (FAR) is evaluated, the value of accuracy reaches 98.1%, the precision of 97.2%, recall of 96.1%, and specificity of 917.2% respectively. Also, the convergence speed is enhanced in this TN-AGW approach. Therefore, the proposed TN-AGW approach achieves greater efficiency in image retrieving than other existing

关键词： Extraction

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Utilizing attention mechanism with exemplar memory for improving domain adaptive person re-identification

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第16期84卷 16809-16834页

作者： Bhunia, Sugam Kr. Bakshi, Sambit Mukherjee, Imon Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani West Bengal Kalyani741235 India Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela Odisha Rourkela769008 India

In an Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) task, extracted features from the entire image lead to a negative transfer of irrelevant knowledge. An attention mechanism may highlight the suitable transferable region of an image. Here in this paper, the representative power of the deep re-identification (re-ID) network of an exemplar memory-based domain adaptive unsupervised Person Re-identification (PRId) model is increased with our chosen optimal Bottleneck Attention Module (BAM). Performance enhancement of the deep re-ID network itself has been attempted by very few research works, suffering from a misinterpretation of global features or non-determination of local features due to the presence of occlusions, background interference, view-point variations, low camera resolution, etc. The proposed approach shows remarkable performance improvement in these specific challenging scenarios. Our attention-enabled unsupervised PRId model is evaluated in a cross-platform environment by labeled training in the DukeMTMC-reID dataset and unlabeled target testing in the Market-1501 dataset. The proposed method also enhances the overall performance of our baseline architecture. It provides a 2.12% relative increment in mean Average Precision (mAP) value, 0.93% increment in Top-1 value, 0.33% increment in Top-10 value, and 0.53% increment in Top-20 value respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Statistical tests

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Apple Leaf Disease Detection Using Transfer Learning

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Annals of Data science 2025年第1期12卷 213-222页

作者： Wani, Ozair Ahmad Zahoor, Umer Shah, Syed Zubair Ahmad Khan, Rijwan Department of Computer Science & Engineering Islamic University of Science and Technology Jammu & Kashmir Awantipora India Department of Computer Science and Engineering ABES Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Ghaziabad India

Automated detection of plant diseases is crucial as it simplifies the task of monitoring large farms and identifies diseases at their early stages to mitigate further plant degradation. Besides the decline in plant health, reduced production severely impacts the country’s economy. Traditional disease identification methods, relying on human experts, are slow, time-consuming, and impractical for large farms. Our proposed model utilizes a combination of pre-trained Resnet18, Alexnet, GoogLeNet, and VGG16 networks to classify apple tree leaves into categories such as healthy, black rot, apple cedar rust, and apple scab based on images. Various image enhancement techniques were employed to enhance the model’s accuracy. Ultimately, our model achieved an accuracy of 97.25% on the validation dataset, demonstrating excellent performance across various metrics. This suggests its potential for efficient and accurate plant health monitoring in the agricultural sector. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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