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DAFPN-YOLO: An Improved UAV-Based Object Detection Algorithm Based on YOLOv8s

computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第5期83卷 1929-1949页

作者： Honglin Wang Yaolong Zhang Cheng Zhu School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Electrical&Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

UAV-based object detection is rapidly expanding in both civilian and military applications,including security surveillance,disaster assessment,and border ***,challenges such as small objects,occlusions,complex backgrounds,and variable lighting persist due to the unique perspective of UAV *** address these issues,this paper introduces DAFPN-YOLO,an innovative model based on YOLOv8s(You Only Look Once version 8s).Themodel strikes a balance between detection accuracy and speed while reducing parameters,making itwell-suited for multi-object detection tasks from drone perspectives.A key feature of DAFPN-YOLO is the enhanced Drone-AFPN(Adaptive Feature Pyramid Network),which adaptively fuses multi-scale features to optimize feature extraction and enhance spatial and small-object *** leverage Drone-AFPN’smulti-scale capabilities fully,a dedicated 160×160 small-object detection head was added,significantly boosting detection accuracy for small *** the backbone,the C2f_Dual(Cross Stage Partial with Cross-Stage Feature Fusion Dual)module and SPPELAN(Spatial Pyramid Pooling with Enhanced LocalAttentionNetwork)modulewere *** components improve feature extraction and information aggregationwhile reducing parameters and computational complexity,enhancing inference ***,Shape-IoU(Shape Intersection over Union)is used as the loss function for bounding box regression,enabling more precise shape-based object *** results on the VisDrone 2019 dataset demonstrate the effectiveness *** to YOLOv8s,the proposedmodel achieves a 5.4 percentage point increase inmAP@0.5,a 3.8 percentage point improvement in mAP@0.5:0.95,and a 17.2%reduction in parameter *** results highlight DAFPN-YOLO’s advantages in UAV-based object detection,offering valuable insights for applying deep learning to UAV-specific multi-object detection tasks.

关键词： YOLOv8 UAV-based object detection AFPN small-object detection head SPPELAN DualConv loss function

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Clustering and Artificial Intelligence-based Prediction of Ecologically Sustainable Species Introductions

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第4期52卷 1159-1168页

作者： Liu, Shuqiao Zhang, Zhao Zhou, Hongyan Chen, Xue-Bo School of Electronic and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

There is a growing interest in sustainable ecosystem development, which includes methods such as scientific modeling, environmental assessment, and development forecasting and planning. However, due to insufficient survey data in many current development areas, development progress is delayed and stagnant. To address this situation, this paper proposes a SWOT-TOPSIS-K-Means (STK) data analysis and evaluation model to analyze ecological factors, which can realize a comprehensive and complete data analysis with fewer samples. Decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network models were constructed from the results of this analysis, and statistical tests such as r-squared, mean absolute error, and cross-validation are used to further confirm the performance efficiency of the computational prediction models to provide real-time prediction research solutions. For this purpose, data from research scholars on species introduction in ecosystem development were selected for testing. The results show that the proposed assessment model and modeling results satisfy all accuracy-related acceptance requirements. Among them, MLP is better than DT and RF. In summary, the STK assessment model and the MLP prediction model can provide a basis for the selection and development of ecological factors. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Prediction models

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Traffic Flow Prediction with Heterogeneous Spatiotemporal Data Based on a Hybrid Deep Learning Model Using Attention-Mechanism

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computer Modeling in engineering & sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1711-1728页

作者： Jing-Doo Wang Chayadi Oktomy Noto Susanto Departement of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichungTaiwanChina Departement of Information Technology Universitas Muhammadiyah YogyakartaYogyakartaIndonesia

A significant obstacle in intelligent transportation systems(ITS)is the capacity to predict traffic *** advancements in deep neural networks have enabled the development of models to represent traffic flow ***,accurately predicting traffic flow at the individual road level is extremely difficult due to the complex interplay of spatial and temporal *** paper proposes a technique for predicting short-term traffic flow data using an architecture that utilizes convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory(Conv-BiLSTM)with attention *** studies neglected to include data pertaining to factors such as holidays,weather conditions,and vehicle types,which are interconnected and significantly impact the accuracy of forecast *** addition,this research incorporates recurring monthly periodic pattern data that significantly enhances the accuracy of forecast *** experimental findings demonstrate a performance improvement of 21.68%when incorporating the vehicle type feature.

关键词： Traffic flow prediction sptiotemporal data heterogeneous data Conv-BiLSTM data-centric intra-data

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Energy efficient quantum-informed ant colony optimization algorithms for industrial internet of things

IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence

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IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence 2024年第3期5卷 1077-1086页

作者： Jannu, Srikanth Dara, Suresh Thuppari, Chaitanya Vidyarthi, Ankit Ghosh, Debjani Tiwari, Prayag Muhammad, Ghulam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vaagdevi Engineering College Singaram506005 India School of Technology Woxsen University HyderabadTS 502 345 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida201309 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bennett University Greater Noida201309 India School of Information Technology Halmstad University Halmstad301 18 Sweden Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

One of themost prominent research areas in information technology is the Internet of Things (IoT) as its applications are widely used, such as structural monitoring, health care management systems, agriculture and battlefield management, and so on. Due to its self-organizing network and simple installation of the network, the researchers have been attracted to pursue research in the various fields of IoTs. However, a huge amount of work has been addressed on various problems confronted by IoT. The nodes densely deploy over critical environments and those are operated on tiny batteries. Moreover, the replacement of dead batteries in the nodes is almost impractical. Therefore, the problem of energy preservation and maximization of IoT networks has become the most prominent research area. However, numerous state-of-The-Art algorithms have addressed this issue. Thus, it has become necessary to gather the information and send it to the base station in an optimized method to maximize the network. Therefore, in this article, we propose a novel quantum-informed ant colony optimization (ACO) routing algorithm with the efficient encoding scheme of cluster head selection and derivation of information heuristic factors. The algorithm has been tested by simulation for various network scenarios. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm show its efficacy over a few existing evolutionary algorithms using various performance metrics, such as residual energy of the network, network lifetime, and the number of live IoT nodes. Impact Statement-Toward IoT-based applications, here we presented the Quantum-inspired ACO clustering algorithm for network lifetime. IoT nodes in the clustering phase choose theirCH through the distance between cluster member IoT nodes and the residual energy. Thus, CH selection reduces the energy consumption of member IoT nodes. Therefore, our significant contributions are summarized as follows. i. Developing Quantum-informed ACO clustered routing algor

关键词： Energy efficiency

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A Novel Identity Authentication Mechanism forUnmanned Maritime Vessels Communication Based on MITRE ATT&CK Framework

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Journal of Marine science and technology (Taiwan) 2024年第2期32卷 170-180页

作者： He, Jun-Xian Chang, Shih-Hao Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei City Taiwan

With the development of the smart shipping industry, unmanned vessel technology is rapidly evolving, accompanied by a demand for robust Internet of Things (IoT) communication security practices. Key communication technologies for the operation of unmanned vessels include external vessel communication. One crucial aspect is the verification of the identities of the parties involved in these communication systems, as this ensures secure and trusted interactions between unmanned vessels and port management authorities. Identity authentication plays a vital role in ensuring the secure communication of unmanned vessels. This paper aims to analyze potential risks related to identity authentication technology in unmanned vessel communication systems. To effectively address these risks, we propose leveraging digital certificates and blockchain technology to achieve device non-repudiation and substitution. Based on this technology, we organize and implement defense strategies using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. This framework provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to understanding potential threats and designing appropriate defense measures. By utilizing this framework, security teams can better comprehend vulnerabilities and formulate effective countermeasures. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed defense framework, we conducted simulation experiments. These experiments helped us evaluate the efficiency and reliability of the strategies in real-world scenarios. Through these experiments, we could ascertain whether the countermeasures effectively mitigated the identified risks and ensured the secure communication of unmanned vessels. © 2024 National Taiwan Ocean University

关键词： Risk assessment

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Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Handwritten Document Enhancement

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3763-3786页

作者： Shu-Chuan Chu Xiaomeng Yang Li Zhang Václav Snášel Jeng-Shyang Pan College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao266590China School of Information and Control Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520China Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science VŠB-TU OstravaOstrava70080Czech Republic Department of Information Management Chaoyang University of TechnologyTaichung41349Taiwan

The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.

关键词： Metaheuristic algorithm gannet optimization algorithm hybrid algorithm handwritten document enhancement

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Powder spreading process monitoring of selective laser melting manufacturing by using a convolutional Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy neural network

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International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing technology 2024年第9-10期132卷 4989-5004页

作者： Lin, Chun-Hui Lin, Cheng-Jian Wang, Shyh-Hau Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan

Process monitoring plays a pivotal role in elucidating the intricate interplay among process, structure, and property in additive manufacturing production. The control of powder spreading affects not only particle adhesion but also rearrangement, both of which are indispensable constituents in the selective laser melting (SLM) process. To develop a novel monitoring process, this study proposed a convolutional Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy neural network (C-TSKFNN) to assess images with uneven powder distribution. The performance of the model was compared with that of conventional image analysis and state-of-the-art deep learning models. With its fusion layer and TSKFNN design, the C-TSKFNN model retains the distinctive characteristics of input images and minimizes expenditures through trainable parameters. The experimental results demonstrated that the average F1 score of the C-TSKFNN model achieved 97.07% and that it had the lowest standard deviation compared to state-of-the-art deep learning models. The trainable parameters were only 103,506, which is lower than those of models. Defect information was also provided locally through a model interpretation technique, facilitating the monitoring of SLM manufacturing. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Process monitoring

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Mining user's navigation structure by filtering impurity nodes for generating relevant predictions

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International Journal of Cognitive Computing in engineering 2023年第1期4卷 248-258页

作者： Jindal, Honey Sardana, Neetu Vidyarthi, Ankit Gupta, Deepak Mahmud, Mufti Department of Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology Delhi India United Kingdom

Web Navigation Prediction (WNP) has been popularly used for finding future probable web pages. Obtaining relevant information from a large web is challenging, as its size is growing with every second. Web data may contain irrelevant noise, and thus cleaning such data is essential. In this paper, we emphasize the identification and elimination of noisy information from user-navigated web pages. The pruning of user browsed sessions by removing noisy webpages and their relations can help in the development of high-performing prediction models with fewer prediction errors. To minimize the prediction errors, we have proposed four pruning models namely PM3ER, PM3EN, PM3GI, and PM3EP which remove noisy web pages and their relations from the model consisting of varied simple and complex navigations. The study reveals that PM3ER is effective in prediction for websites with complicated structures resulting in complex navigations, and PM3EN is effective in predicting websites with a simple tree-like structure resulting in simple navigations. PM3ER has shown an improvement in predictions by up to 3% whereas PM3EN has attained improvement up to 5.45%. © 2023

关键词： Forecasting

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An enhanced framework for smart automated evaluations of answer scripts using NLP and deep learning methods

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8491-8513页

作者： G, Mohanraj R.K, Nadesh M, Marimuthu V, Sathiyapriya School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore632014 India School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai600127 India Knowledge Institute of Technology Salem637504 India

The manual process of evaluating answer scripts is strenuous. Evaluators use the answer key to assess the answers in the answer scripts. Advancements in technology and the introduction of new learning paradigms need automation of the evaluation process. This work aims to develop an enhanced novel hybrid framework that can evaluate answer scripts and automatically assign marks for different type of questions based on keywords, grammar, symbols, special keywords, and the given factors. First, the proposed system uses Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to convert image answer scripts into an editable text format. Second, the sentence transformers, the Natural Language Processing (NLP) technique flips the answer script and answers key texts into word embedding vectors. To find similarity measures, these vectors are matched using BERT encoding, spearmanś rank-order correlation, and fuzzy search. At last, the proposed model is trained using Deep Columnar Convolutional Neural Network (DCCNN) in the third step with MINST and Kaggle handwritten mathematical symbols and tested with the segmented mathematical equations to find the similarity. The performance of proposed model is measured using precision, recall, accuracy, and F1-score, and its gives highest accuracy of 93% and 95% when compared to the existing methodologies. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Optical character recognition

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Exploring Unbiased Activation Maps for Weakly Supervised Tissue Segmentation of Histopathological Images

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年第6期44卷 2631-2642页

作者： Kang, Yuxin Li, Hansheng Shi, Xiaoshuang Zhang, Xiao Xing, Yaqiong Wen, Yuting Wang, Yi Cui, Lei Feng, Jun Yang, Lin Yulin University Department of Information Engineering Shaanxi Yulin China The School of Information Science and Technology Northwest University Shaanxi Xi'an China Northwest University School of Information Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi'an China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu China Xi'An Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Shaanxi Xi'an China

Tissue segmentation in histopathological images plays a crucial role in computational pathology, owing to its significant potential to indicate the prognosis of cancer patients. Presently, numerous Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation (WSSS) methods strive to utilize image-level labels to achieve pixel-level segmentation, aiming to minimize the need for detailed annotations. Most of these methods rely on Class Activation Maps (CAM) extracted from classification models, frequently leading to poor coverage of objects. The major cause is attributed to the strong inductive bias of the classification model, focusing primarily on discriminative feature of objects, rather than non-discriminative features. Inspired by this, we propose a simple yet effective method that introduces a self-supervised task by exploiting both the discriminative and non-discriminative features, and generate Unbiased Activation Maps (UAM) to encompass the whole object. Specifically, our method entails clustering all spatial features of an object class to derive semantic centers. Each center then works as a spatial filter that amplifies similar feature and suppresses dissimilar feature, and extract high-quality pseudo-labels (some noise at object boundaries). Moreover, we further propose a Noise-Reduced (NR) Learning method to train the segmentation network towards credible signals and lessen the impact of false predictions. Comprehensive experimental results on two public histopathology image datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our method over the state-of-the-art weakly supervised segmentation methods. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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