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CRAQL: a novel clustering-based resource allocation using the Q-learning in fog environment

International Journal of Cloud Computing 2024年第3期13卷 243-266页

作者： Ahlawat, Chanchal Krishnamurthi, Rajalakshmi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India

Fog computing is an emerging paradigm that provides services near the end-user. The tremendous increase in IoT devices and big data leads to complexity in fog resource allocation. Inefficient resource allocation can lead to resource starvation and unable to complete the task assignment within a specific time. Hence, to enhance the efficiency of the fog resources, it is critical to perform proper resource allocation. This work targets to provide the solution to the resource allocation problem with a novel clustering-based resource allocation using the Q-learning (CRAQL) model. For this purpose, the problem is defined as a decision-making problem and formulated as Markov decision process (MDP). Next, to find the optimal resource, an enhanced optimal resource allocation (EORA) algorithm is proposed and detailed study is performed to analyse the impact of various performance parameters. Simulation results show the comparison of the EORA versus conventional Brute force method by varying the performance parameters such as learning rate and number of trials. The experimental results exhibit optimal solutions with significant improvement in learning rate at an average probability of 0.5 within limited epochs. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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A novel binary quantizer for variational autoencoder-based image compressor

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2024年第8期46卷 604-620页

作者： Thulasidharan, Pillai Praveen Nath, Keshab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Information Technology Kottayam India

Neural network-based encoder and decoder are one of the emerging techniques for image compression. To improve the compression rate, these models use a special module called the quantizer that improves the entropy of the generated representation. Here, we propose a novel binary quantizer and an auxiliary support module known as the remapper that co-ordinate for better compression and decompression of an image. The proposed quantizer generates the compressed binary representation whereas the remapper aids in minimizing the reconstruction error during decompression. The combined optimization of the model consisting of the encoder, quantizer, remapper, and the decoder as a single entity is not feasible due to the non-differentiable nature of the quantizer. To mitigate this, we propose a step-by-step training process wherein the encoder and decoder are trained first, then keeping the encoder parameters fixed, the remapper is trained along with the decoder to obtain a fully optimized model. The training is performed with different types of images and the results are compared to understand the best training procedures. Experimental results reveal that the proposed model can compress a (Formula presented.) image to a mere 256 bits, thereby achieving a compression ratio of 6144:1;with excellent perceptual reconstruction during decompression. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Image compression

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Enhancing User Experience in AI-Powered Human-computer Communication with Vocal Emotions Identification Using a Novel Deep Learning Method

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computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2909-2929页

作者： Ahmed Alhussen Arshiya Sajid Ansari Mohammad Sajid Mohammadi Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Engineering and Information TechnologyOnaizah CollegesQassim51911Saudi Arabia

Voice, motion, and mimicry are naturalistic control modalities that have replaced text or display-driven control in human-computer communication (HCC). Specifically, the vocals contain a lot of knowledge, revealing details about the speaker’s goals and desires, as well as their internal condition. Certain vocal characteristics reveal the speaker’s mood, intention, and motivation, while word study assists the speaker’s demand to be understood. Voice emotion recognition has become an essential component of modern HCC networks. Integrating findings from the various disciplines involved in identifying vocal emotions is also challenging. Many sound analysis techniques were developed in the past. Learning about the development of artificial intelligence (AI), and especially Deep Learning (DL) technology, research incorporating real data is becoming increasingly common these days. Thus, this research presents a novel selfish herd optimization-tuned long/short-term memory (SHO-LSTM) strategy to identify vocal emotions in human communication. The RAVDESS public dataset is used to train the suggested SHO-LSTM technique. Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) and wiener filter (WF) techniques are used, respectively, to remove noise and extract features from the data. LSTM and SHO are applied to the extracted data to optimize the LSTM network’s parameters for effective emotion recognition. Python Software was used to execute our proposed framework. In the finding assessment phase, Numerous metrics are used to evaluate the proposed model’s detection capability, Such as F1-score (95%), precision (95%), recall (96%), and accuracy (97%). The suggested approach is tested on a Python platform, and the SHO-LSTM’s outcomes are contrasted with those of other previously conducted research. Based on comparative assessments, our suggested approach outperforms the current approaches in vocal emotion recognition.

关键词： Human-computer communication(HCC) vocal emotions live vocal artificial intelligence(AI) deep learning(DL) selfish herd optimization-tuned long/short K term memory(SHO-LSTM)

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An Integrated Framework with Enhanced Primitives for Post-Quantum Cryptography: HEDT and ECSIDH for Cloud Data Security and Key Exchange

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第11期49卷 165-176页

作者： Ilias, Shaik Mohammad Sharmila, V. Ceronmani Durga, V. Sathya Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Information Technology Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India

If adversaries were to obtain quantum computers in the future, their massive computing power would likely break existing security schemes. Since security is a continuous process, more substantial security schemes must be developed. Current PQC schemes primarily focus on data security or key exchange, and further improvement towards enhanced PQC primitives is required. Our proposal in this research is an innovative paradigm for PQC-focused cloud data security. The proposed HEDT approach achieves encryption and decryption with significantly lower latency (20% improvement) and higher reliability than AES, DES, and RSA, as demonstrated through experimental results. Furthermore, ECSIDH, a hybrid key exchange mechanism combining SIDH and ECDH, improves security strength by 50% while maintaining computational costs within 1.13x of SIDH. Compared to individual key exchange schemes like SIDH, ECSIDH offers superior security as a PQC candidate. These results confirm the robustness and efficiency of the proposed framework in ensuring secure data outsourcing and key exchange in cloud environments. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Feature-Grounded Single-Stage Text-to-Image Generation

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Tsinghua science and technology 2024年第2期29卷 469-480页

作者： Yuan Zhou Peng Wang Lei Xiang Haofeng Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Recently,Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)have become the mainstream text-to-image(T2I)***,a standard normal distribution noise of inputs cannot provide sufficient information to synthesize an image that approaches the ground-truth image ***,the multistage generation strategy results in complex T2I ***,this study proposes a novel feature-grounded single-stage T2I model,which considers the“real”distribution learned from training images as one input and introduces a worst-case-optimized similarity measure into the loss function to enhance the model's generation *** results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed model in terms of the Frechet inception distance and inception score compared to those of some classical and state-of-the-art models,showing the improved similarities among the generated image,text,and ground truth.

关键词： text-to-image(T2I) feature-grounded single-stage generation Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)

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A privacy and compliance in regulated anonymous payment system based on blockchain

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第8期15卷 3141-3157页

作者： Elfadul, Issameldeen Wu, Lijun Elhabob, Rashad Elkhalil, Ahmed School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China School of Computer and Information Engineering Qilu Institute of Technology Shandong Jinan250200 China Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Karary University Khartoum Sudan

Decentralized Anonymous Payment Systems (DAP), often known as cryptocurrencies, stand out as some of the most innovative and successful applications on the blockchain. These systems have garnered significant attention in the financial industry due to their highly secure and reliable features. Regrettably, the DAP system can be exploited to fund illegal activities such as drug dealing and terrorism. Therefore, governments are increasingly worried about the illicit use of DAP systems, which poses a critical threat to their security. This paper proposes Privacy and Compliance in Regulated Anonymous Payment System Based on Blockchain (PCRAP), which provides government supervision and enforces regulations over transactions without sacrificing the essential idea of the blockchain, that is, without surrendering transaction privacy or anonymity of the participants. The key characteristic of the proposed scheme is using a ring signature and stealth address to ensure the anonymity of both the sender and receiver of the transaction. Moreover, a Merkle Tree is used to guarantee government supervision and enforce regulations. Our proposed scheme satisfies most of the stringent security requirements and complies with the standards of secure payment systems. Additionally, while our work supports government regulations and supervision, it guarantees unconditional anonymity for users. Furthermore, the performance analysis demonstrates that our suggested scheme still remains applicable and effective even when achieving complete anonymity. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Blockchain

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Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing Inspired Chabot Technologies

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Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2024年第1期17卷 11-20页

作者： Singh, Deepti Manju Jatain, Aman Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology New Delhi India Department of Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amity University Haryana India

Chatbots use artificial intelligence (AI) and natural language processing (NLP) algorithms to construct a clever system. By copying human connections in the most helpful way possi-ble, chatbots emulate individuals and serve as virtual assistants. They easily interface and respond to customers' requests. In the modern technical environment, these conversation agents or chatbots are considered the next-generation invention. Chatbot has become more popular in the business field right now as it can reduce customer service cost and handle multiple users at a time. There are many techniques used to involve such intelligent experts in daily business. A comprehensive analysis of the methods is needed to determine the viability of the different strategies. This paper tracks the progress of this invention and further clarifies the influence of chatbots on numerous businesses. Besides, a survey of the multiple chatbot methodologies suggested by various researchers is provid-ed. Along with the survey, a chatbot e-commerce customer service is designed to provide an efficient and accurate answer for any query based on the dataset of frequently asked questions. This chatbot can reduce customer service costs and can handle multiple customers at the same time. © 2024 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Machine learning

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Domain generalization with semi-supervised learning for people-centric activity recognition

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 171-188页

作者： Jing LIU Wei ZHU Di LI Xing HU Liang SONG Academy for Engineering & Technology Fudan University Shanghai East-bund Research Institute on Networking Systems of AI School of Optoelectronic Information and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science & Technology

People-centric activity recognition is one of the most critical technologies in a wide range of real-world applications,including intelligent transportation systems, healthcare services, and brain-computer interfaces. Large-scale data collection and annotation make the application of machine learning algorithms prohibitively expensive when adapting to new tasks. One way of circumventing this limitation is to train the model in a semi-supervised learning manner that utilizes a percentage of unlabeled data to reduce the labeling burden in prediction tasks. Despite their appeal, these models often assume that labeled and unlabeled data come from similar distributions, which leads to the domain shift problem caused by the presence of distribution gaps. To address these limitations, we propose herein a novel method for people-centric activity recognition,called domain generalization with semi-supervised learning(DGSSL), that effectively enhances the representation learning and domain alignment capabilities of a model. We first design a new autoregressive discriminator for adversarial training between unlabeled and labeled source domains, extracting domain-specific features to reduce the distribution gaps. Second, we introduce two reconstruction tasks to capture the task-specific features to avoid losing information related to representation learning while maintaining task-specific consistency. Finally, benefiting from the collaborative optimization of these two tasks, the model can accurately predict both the domain and category labels of the source domains for the classification task. We conduct extensive experiments on three real-world sensing datasets. The experimental results show that DGSSL surpasses the three state-of-the-art methods with better performance and generalization.

关键词： activity recognition deep learning domain generalization semi-supervised learning adversarial training

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Research Progress in Solar Flare Prediction Methods

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第3期25卷 280-309页

作者： Ke Han Zhen Liu Xian-Yi Zhao Yi-Fei Li De-Quan Zheng Jie Wan School of Computer and Information Engineering Harbin University of Commerce Faculty of Computing Harbin Institute of Technology School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

Solar flares are one of the strongest outbursts of solar activity,posing a serious threat to Earth’s critical infrastructure,such as communications,navigation,power,and ***,it is essential to accurately predict solar flares in order to ensure the safety of human ***,the research focuses on two directions:first,identifying predictors with more physical information and higher prediction accuracy,and second,building flare prediction models that can effectively handle complex observational *** terms of flare observability and predictability,this paper analyses multiple dimensions of solar flare observability and evaluates the potential of observational parameters in *** flare prediction models,the paper focuses on data-driven models and physical models,with an emphasis on the advantages of deep learning techniques in dealing with complex and high-dimensional *** reviewing existing traditional machine learning,deep learning,and fusion methods,the key roles of these techniques in improving prediction accuracy and efficiency are *** prevailing challenges,this study discusses the main challenges currently faced in solar flare prediction,such as the complexity of flare samples,the multimodality of observational data,and the interpretability of *** conclusion summarizes these findings and proposes future research directions and potential technology advancement.

关键词： (Sun:) sunspots magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Sun: activity Sun: flares Sun: magnetic fields

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Contactless and Real-time Hand Gesture Recognition using Inductive Proximity Technique for Wrist-worn Wearables

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 20474-20485页

作者： Lin, Pei-Jung Shih, Chi-Huang Weng, Tzu-Hsuan Feng Chia University Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Taichung407 Taiwan National Chin-Yi University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taichung411 Taiwan

This study proposes a contactless and real-time hand gesture recognition system suitable for smartwatches. The proposed system adopts inductive proximity sensing to collect Mechanomyography (MMG) signals induced by finger-based gestures above the wrist. After the signal processing and feature extraction stages, machine-learning models can be built for gesture classification. Compared with the Electromyography (EMG)-based method generally deployed in the forearm, inductive MMG applies an electromagnetic field to the body surface and is suitable for use on the wrist. Compared to the existing contact methods, such as EMG and accelerometer-based MMG, the inductive MMG method does not require contact with the body surface to collect muscle action signals and can avoid interference from environmental factors such as sweat and dust. The main contributions of this study are (1) a watch-type prototype with inductive MMG sensing technique, including hardware and firmware;(2) a lightweight and efficient signal processing mechanism that can capture the inductive signal characteristics of gestures for the above-mentioned embedded system (i.e., watch-type prototype);and (3) the tempo-spatial feature extraction method to improve the accuracy of gesture recognition. The experiment results show that for six common machine learning models, the gesture recognition accuracy of the proposed system is above 95%, with a maximum of 97.47%. In the briefing control application for verification purposes, the average accuracy of the inductive gesture recognition system can achieve 98.26%, and the average processing time is 14.37 ms. According to the experimental results, the inductive MMG system can provide a feasible gesture recognition solution for wrist-worn wearable devices. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Firmware

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