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BenthicNet: A global compilation of seafloor images for deep learning applications

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lowe, Scott C. Misiuk, Benjamin Xu, Isaac Abdulazizov, Shakhboz Baroi, Amit R. Bastos, Alex C. Best, Merlin Ferrini, Vicki Friedman, Ariell Hart, Deborah Hoegh-Guldberg, Ove Ierodiaconou, Daniel Mackin-McLaughlin, Julia Markey, Kathryn Menandro, Pedro S. Monk, Jacquomo Nemani, Shreya O’Brien, John Oh, Elizabeth Reshitnyk, Luba Y. Robert, Katleen Roelfsema, Chris M. Sameoto, Jessica A. Schimel, Alexandre C.G. Thomson, Jordan A. Wilson, Brittany R. Wong, Melisa C. Brown, Craig J. Trappenberg, Thomas Vector Institute TorontoON Canada Memorial University of Newfoundland Department of Geography St. John’sNL Canada Memorial University of Newfoundland Department of Earth Sciences St. John’sNL Canada Dalhousie University Faculty of Computer Science HalifaxNS Canada Dalhousie University School for Resource and Environmental Studies HalifaxNS Canada Dalhousie University DeepSense HalifaxNS Canada Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo Departamento de Oceanografia e Ecologia Vitória Brazil Fisheries and Oceans Canada Marine Spatial Ecology and Analysis Section Institute of Ocean Sciences SidneyBC Canada Columbia University Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory PalisadesNY United States University of Sydney Australian Centre for Field Robotics SydneyNSW Australia Greybits Engineering SydneyNSW Australia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Northeast Fisheries Science Center Woods HoleMA United States University of Queensland School of the Environment BrisbaneQLD Australia Deakin University School of Life and Environmental Sciences WarrnamboolVIC Australia Oxy Occidental College Vantuna Research Group Los AngelesCA United States University of Tasmania Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies HobartTAS Australia Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland School of Ocean Technology St. John’sNL Canada Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of Oceanography DartmouthNS Canada Hakai Institute Heriot Bay BC Canada Trondheim Norway Ecology Action Centre HalifaxNS Canada Dalhousie University Department of Oceanography HalifaxNS Canada

Advances in underwater imaging enable collection of extensive seafloor image datasets necessary for monitoring important benthic ecosystems. The ability to collect seafloor imagery has outpaced our capacity to analyze it, hindering mobilization of this crucial environmental information. Machine learning approaches provide opportunities to increase the efficiency with which seafloor imagery is analyzed, yet large and consistent datasets to support development of such approaches are scarce. Here we present BenthicNet: a global compilation of seafloor imagery designed to support the training and evaluation of large-scale image recognition models. An initial set of over 11.4 million images was collected and curated to represent a diversity of seafloor environments using a representative subset of 1.3 million images. These are accompanied by 3.1 million annotations translated to the CATAMI scheme, which span 190 000 of the images. A large deep learning model was trained on this compilation and preliminary results suggest it has utility for automating large and small-scale image analysis tasks. The compilation and model are made openly available for reuse at doi:10.20383/103.0614. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Underwater imaging

Enhanced solar photothermal effect of PANi fabrics with plasmonic nanostructures

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Nga, Do T. Phan, Anh D. Lam, Vu D. Woods, Lilia M. Wakabayashi, Katsunori Institute of Physics Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 10 Dao Tan Ba Dinh Hanoi10000 Viet Nam Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science Materials Science and Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi12116 Viet Nam Department of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Energy School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo669-1337 Japan Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Viet Nam Department of Physics University of South Florida TampaFL33620 United States

The photothermal energy conversion in hanging and floating polyaniline (PANi)-cotton fabrics is investigated using a model based on the heat diffusion equation. Perfect absorption and antireflection of wet hanging PANi-cotton fabrics cause quick transfer of total incident light into water confining nearly 100 % of the sunlight. As a result, a hanging membrane is found to have more attractive properties than a floating above water fabric. We find, however, that the photothermal properties of a floating PANi-cotton membrane can greatly be enhanced by dispersing TiN nanoparticles in the water below the fabric. The calculated temperature gradients for TiN nanoparticle solutions show that the absorbed energy grows with increasing the nanoparticle density and that the photothermal process occurs mostly near the surface. The collective heating effects depend on the size and density of nanoparticles, which can further be used to modulate the photothermal process. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cotton

Training and inference Time Efficiency Assessment Framework for machine learning algorithms: A case study for hyperspectral image classification

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International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2025年 141卷

作者： Zheng, Xiaorou Jia, Jianxin Dong, Shoubin Wang, Yawei Lu, Runuo Chen, Yuwei Wang, Yueming Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Big Data Intelligent Analysis School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Department of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Finnish Geospatial Research Institute Espoo FI-02150 Finland Guangzhou Institute of Geography Guangdong Academy of Sciences Guangdong Guangzhou 311100 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Zhejiang Hangzhou 310024 China Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200083 China The Advanced Laser Technology Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei 230037 China

The increasing complexity and scale of remote sensing datasets, coupled with the challenges of accurately estimating algorithmic time efficiency, often lead to significant resource waste or even failure when using machine learning algorithms in urgent or resource-constrained scenarios. Accurate time efficiency estimation is critical for deploying effective algorithms, yet it remains challenging due to the many factors influencing computational performance. Traditional methods of evaluating time efficiency often neglect the effects of core model parameters and complex data scales in spectral and temporal dimensions. In addition, inference time, an essential factor in real-world applications, is often overlooked. To address these limitations, we propose the Time Efficiency Assessment Framework (TEAF), a novel method for evaluating the time efficiency of machine learning algorithms. Through mathematical reasoning, TEAF models the training and inference time as functions (ψ) of complex data scales and core model parameters. The strong linear correlation between ψ and the actual runtime allows TEAF to accurately predict the time and cost of machine learning tasks with a low computational overhead before algorithm execution. To validate this framework, we derived TEAF formulations for five classical machine learning algorithms and tested them on state-of-the-art hyperspectral image datasets and Sentinel-2 multispectral datasets. The results demonstrated that TEAF could accurately predict both training and inference time for various algorithms, with a strong linear correlation between ψ and actual runtime (R2>0.942). This study offers a practical solution to the challenges posed by the increasing volume and complexity of data in remote sensing image processing. The code is available at https://***/SCUT-CCNL/TEAF. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Algorithm derivation Complexity data scale Hyperspectral image Inference time Time efficiency Time prediction

Theoretical and experimental study of compression effects on structural relaxation of glass-forming liquids

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Phan, Anh D. Jedrzejowska, Agnieszka Paluch, Marian Wakabayashi, Katsunori Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study Phenikaa University Hanoi12116 Faculty of Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Phenikaa University Hanoi12116 Department of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Energy School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo669-1337 Japan Institute of Physics University of Silesia Smcebi 75 Pulku Piechoty 1a Chorzow41-500 Poland

We develop the elastically collective nonlinear Langevin equation theory of bulk relaxation of glass-forming liquids to investigate molecular mobility under compression conditions. The applied pressure restricts more molecular motion and therefore significantly slows-down the molecular dynamics when increasing the pressure. We quantitatively determine the temperature and pressure dependence of the structural relaxation time. To validate our model, dielectric spectroscopy experiments for three rigid and non-polymeric supramolecules are carried out at ambient and elevated pressures. The numerical results quantitatively agree with experimental data. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Glass

Spin photogalvanic effect in two-dimensional collinear antiferromagnets

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Xiao, Rui-Chun Shao, Ding-Fu Li, Yu-Hang Jiang, Hua School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou215006 China Institute for Advanced Study Soochow University Suzhou215006 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience University of Nebraska LincolnNE68588-0299 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

Spin photogalvanic effect (SPGE) is an efficient method to generate a spin current by photoexcitation in a contactless and ultra-fast way. In two-dimensional (2D) collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials that preserve the combined time-reversal (T) and inversion (I) symmetry (i.e., TI symmetry), we find that the photogalvanic currents in two magnetic sublattices carry different kinds of spins and propagate in opposite direction if the spin-orbit coupling is negligible, resulting in a pure spin current without net charge current. Based on the first-principles calculations, we show that two experimentally synthesized 2D collinear AFM materials, monolayer MnPS3 and bilayer CrCl3, host the required symmetry and support sizable SPGE. The predicted SPGE in 2D collinear AFM materials makes them promising platforms for nano spintronics devices. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism

Binary hole transport layer enables stable perovskite solar cells with PCE exceeding 24%

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DeCarbon

DeCarbon 2023年 1卷

作者： Xiao Chen Bing Guo Zeyu Zhang Bo Zhang Xinzhi Zu Nabonswende Aida Nadege Ouedraogo Jiyeon Oh Yongjoon Cho George Omololu Odunmbaku Kun Chen Yongli Zhou Shanshan Chen Changduk Yang Juan Du Kuan Sun MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems School of Energy & Power Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou 310024 China State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics and CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (SIOM) Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Shanghai 201800 China State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology School of Energy & Power Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Perovtronics Research Center Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulju-gun Ulsan 44919 South Korea CTF Solar Zur Wetterwarte50 Haus 303 Dresden 01109 Germany R&D Center JA Solar Holdings Co. Ltd. Yangzhou 225131 China

Hygroscopic dopant in hole transport layer (HTL) is a key factor contributing to moisture-induced perovskite degradation and the resulting performance loss over time. This poses obstacles to the commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we mixed two popular hole transport materials, i.e., [2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene] (Spiro-OMeTAD) and poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT), to form a binary mixed HTL. Due to the presence of hydrophobic P3HT component, the mixed HTL exhibits improved moisture resistance. In addition, P3HT demonstrates a great ability to interact with the dopants, which changes π-π packing orientation of P3HT from edge-on to face-on and improves its crystallinity, thus increasing hole mobility and hole extraction capability of the mixed HTL. As a result, PSCs equipped with the Spiro-OMeTAD/P3HT mixed HTL exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 24.3% and superior operational stability. The cells without encapsulation can maintain 90% initial efficiency after storage in dark ambient conditions (30% RH) for 1200 h. These results suggest that constructing Spiro-OMeTAD/P3HT mixed HTL is a promising strategy to meet the future photovoltaic applications demands with low-cost as well as excellent efficiency and device stability.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Hole transport materials Morphology Polymer Moisture stability

Calibration of the gravitational wave telescope KAGRA 38

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Calibration of the gravitational wave telescope KAGRA

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Chen, Dan Abe, H. Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Aoumi, M. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bajpai, R. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Chang, R.-J. Chen, A.H.-Y. Chen, D. Chen, H. Chen, Y. Chiba, A. Chiba, R. Chou, C. Eisenmann, M. Fujii, S. Fukunaga, I. Haba, D. Haino, S. Han, W.-B. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, C. Hoshino, S. Hsieh, H.-F. Hsiung, C. Hsu, S.-C. Hui, D.C.Y. Inayoshi, K. Itoh, Y. Iwaya, M. Jin, H.B. Jung, K. Kajita, T. Kamiizumi, M. Kanda, N. Kato, J. Kato, T. Kim, S. Kimura, N. Kiyota, T. Kohri, K. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kong, A.K.H. Koyama, N. Kume, J. Kuroyanagi, S. Kuwahara, S. Kwak, K. Lai, S. Lee, H.W. Lee, R. Lee, S. Leonardi, M. Li, K.L. Lin, L.C.-C. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, E.T. Liu, G.C. Ma, L.-T. Maeda, K. Matsuyama, M. Meyer-Conde, M. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, S. Miyoki, S. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Murakoshi, M. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Narikawa, T. Nguyen Quynh, L. Nishino, Y. Nishizawa, A. Obayashi, K. Oh, J.J. Oh, K. Ohashi, M. Ohkawa, M. Oohara, K. Oshima, Y. Oshino, S. Page, M.A. Pan, K.-C. Park, J. Peña Arellano, F.E. Saha, S. Sakai, K. Sako, T. Sato, R. Sato, S. Sato, Y. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shikano, Y. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shiota, J. Somiya, K. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takamori, A. Takatani, K. Takeda, H. Takeda, M. Tamaki, M. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, S.J. Tanaka, T. Taruya, A. Tomaru, T. Tomita, K. Tomura, T. Toriyama, A. Trani, A.A. Tsuchida, S. Uchikata, N. Uchiyama, T. Uehara, T. Ueno, K. Ushiba, T. van Putten, M.H.P.M. Wang, H. Washimi, T. Wu, C. Wu, H. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, T.S. Yamamura, S. Yamazaki, R. Yang, L.-C. Yang, Y. Yeh, S.-W. Yokoyama, J. Yokozawa, T. Yuzurihara, H. Zhao, Y. Zhu, Z.-H. Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Graduate School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8551 Japan Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0032 Japan LIGO Hanford Observatory RichlandWA99352 United States 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street 19 Haidian District Beijing100875 China Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City701 Taiwan Institute of Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Faculty of Science University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama City Toyama930-8555 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa City277-8582 Japan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto-cho Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka558-8585 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd. Na

KAGRA is a laser interferometric gravitational wave (GW) telescope in Japan. It joined O4, the fourth international GW observation run, with other telescopes, namely, Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo. In the previous GW observation runs: O1, O2, and O3, 90 events were reported, and many more events are expected to be observed in O4. With the beginning of GW astronomy, the calibration of observed GW signals is becoming more important than ever before. The main calibration system used in KAGRA, LIGO, and Virgo is a photon calibration system (Pcal), which injects reference signals into a telescope by the radiation pressure of a laser. On the basis of the preparation and operation of KAGRA Pcals in O3, we prepared an upgrading plan for O4. This plan includes three main improvements: improving the Pcal laser beam alignment system, reducing noise, and dereasing uncertainty. Improvement works were conducted between the end of O3 and the start of O4 in accordance with this plan. The following results were obtained: first, precise remote alignment was enabled in the critical Pcal laser path region. Second, a Pcal noise source was identified and noise was significantly improved, resulting in a remarkable 50 dB reduction and sufficient reduction of the Pcal noise below the design sensitivity of KAGRA. Third, studies on the temperature dependence and laser incidence state dependence of the integrating sphere-type power meter were conducted to reduce the uncertainty of the Pcal, which is directly related to the uncertainty of the telescope signal. The details of the KAGRA Pcal and the improvements made between O3 and O4 are reported in this study. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Laser interferometry

Calibration of the integrating sphere for O4 in KAGRA gravitational wave telescope. 38

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Calibration of the integrating sphere for O4 in KAGRA gravit...

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Fujii, Shingo Abe, H. Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Aoumi, M. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bajpai, R. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Chang, R.-J. Chen, A.H.-Y. Chen, D. Chen, H. Chen, Y. Chiba, A. Chiba, R. Chou, C. Eisenmann, M. Fujii, S. Fukunaga, I. Haba, D. Haino, S. Han, W.-B. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, C. Hoshino, S. Hsieh, H.-F. Hsiung, C. Hsu, S.-C. Hui, D.C.Y. Inayoshi, K. Itoh, Y. Iwaya, M. Jin, H.B. Jung, K. Kajita, T. Kamiizumi, M. Kanda, N. Kato, J. Kato, T. Kim, S. Kimura, N. Kiyota, T. Kohri, K. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kong, A.K.H. Koyama, N. Kume, J. Kuroyanagi, S. Kuwahara, S. Kwak, K. Lai, S. Lee, H.W. Lee, R. Lee, S. Leonardi, M. Li, K.L. Lin, L.C.-C. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, E.T. Liu, G.C. Ma, L.-T. Maeda, K. Matsuyama, M. Meyer-Conde, M. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, S. Miyoki, S. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Murakoshi, M. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Narikawa, T. Nguyen Quynh, L. Nishino, Y. Nishizawa, A. Obayashi, K. Oh, J.J. Oh, K. Ohashi, M. Ohkawa, M. Oohara, K. Oshima, Y. Oshino, S. Page, M.A. Pan, K.-C. Park, J. Peña Arellano, F.E. Saha, S. Sakai, K. Sako, T. Sato, R. Sato, S. Sato, Y. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shikano, Y. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shiota, J. Somiya, K. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takamori, A. Takatani, K. Takeda, H. Takeda, M. Tamaki, M. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, S.J. Tanaka, T. Taruya, A. Tomaru, T. Tomita, K. Tomura, T. Toriyama, A. Trani, A.A. Tsuchida, S. Uchikata, N. Uchiyama, T. Uehara, T. Ueno, K. Ushiba, T. van Putten, M.H.P.M. Wang, H. Washimi, T. Wu, C. Wu, H. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, T.S. Yamamura, S. Yamazaki, R. Yang, L.-C. Yang, Y. Yeh, S.-W. Yokoyama, J. Yokozawa, T. Yuzurihara, H. Zhao, Y. Zhu, Z.-H. Graduate School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8551 Japan Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0032 Japan LIGO Hanford Observatory RichlandWA99352 United States 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street 19 Haidian District Beijing100875 China Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City701 Taiwan Institute of Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Faculty of Science University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama City Toyama930-8555 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa City277-8582 Japan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto-cho Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka558-8585 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd. Na

KAGRA, the gravitational wave telescope located in Japan, has started the 4th international observing run called O4 with LIGO and Virgo. The accuracy of parameter estimation for gravitational wave source objects depends on the accuracy of calibration. LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA use the same calibration method called the photon calibrator (Pcal) method. In the Pcal system, we will obtain the precise displacement of a mirror induced by a well-calibrated radiation pressure of a laser beam which is injected into the mirror. As the uncertainty of the Pcal system is primarily limited by the uncertainty of the laser power measurement, we use integrating sphere (IS) power meters, which are considered to have good accuracy and precision, for the laser power measurement. However, during our calibration measurements in O3GK, we found that there were unidentified systematic errors in the laser power measurement. Therefore, we investigated the incident direction dependence and polarization dependence of the IS power meter. According to our study, the angular dependence differs between two types of ISs, namely GPS (General Purpose Spheres) and LPM (Laser Power Measurement Spheres), which are utilized in our calibration system. The angular dependence of the GPS type was greater than that of the LPM type. The GPS measurement showed an approximate 8.4% increase from the value obtained with perpendicular incidence at maximum. In contrast, the LPM measurement showed a 0.2% increase from the value obtained with perpendicular incidence at maximum. As to polarization dependence, the effect of that on the LPM type was within the range of -0.06% to 0.06%. From this study, we found a possibility that the angle dependence was able to explain the uncertainty observed in O3GK. In this proceeding, we report the angular and polarization dependence of ISs and consider the effect on the uncertainty of the KAGRA Pcal system. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Spheres

Development of Gravity field Calibrator for KAGRA 38

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Development of Gravity Field Calibrator for KAGRA

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Bajpai, Rishabh Abe, H. Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Aoumi, M. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Aso, Y. Bae, S. Bajpai, R. Cannon, K. Cao, Z. Chang, R.-J. Chen, A.H.-Y. Chen, D. Chen, H. Chen, Y. Chiba, A. Chiba, R. Chou, C. Eisenmann, M. Fujii, S. Fukunaga, I. Haba, D. Haino, S. Han, W.-B. Hayakawa, H. Hayama, K. Himemoto, Y. Hirata, N. Hirose, C. Hoshino, S. Hsieh, H.-F. Hsiung, C. Hsu, S.-C. Hui, D.C.Y. Inayoshi, K. Itoh, Y. Iwaya, M. Jin, H.-B. Jung, K. Kajita, T. Kamiizumi, M. Kanda, N. Kato, J. Kato, T. Kim, S. Kimura, N. Kiyota, T. Kohri, K. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kong, A.K.H. Koyama, N. Kume, J. Kuroyanagi, S. Kuwahara, S. Kwak, K. Lai, S. Lee, H.W. Lee, R. Lee, S. Leonardi, M. Li, K.L. Lin, L.C.-C. Lin, C.-Y. Lin, E.T. Liu, G.C. Ma, L.-T. Maeda, K. Matsuyama, M. Meyer-Conde, M. Michimura, Y. Mio, N. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, S. Miyoki, S. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Murakoshi, M. Nakamura, K. Nakano, H. Narikawa, T. Nguyen Quynh, L. Nishino, Y. Nishizawa, A. Obayashi, K. Oh, J.J. Oh, K. Ohashi, M. Ohkawa, M. Oohara, K. Oshima, Y. Oshino, S. Page, M.A. Pan, K.-C. Park, J. Peña Arellano, F.E. Saha, S. Sakai, K. Sako, T. Sato, R. Sato, S. Sato, Y. Sawada, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Shao, L. Shikano, Y. Shimode, K. Shinkai, H. Shiota, J. Somiya, K. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takamori, A. Takatani, K. Takeda, H. Takeda, M. Tamaki, M. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, S.J. Tanaka, T. Taruya, A. Tomaru, T. Tomita, K. Tomura, T. Toriyama, A. Trani, A.A. Tsuchida, S. Uchikata, N. Uchiyama, T. Uehara, T. Ueno, K. Ushiba, T. van Putten, M.H.P.M. Wang, H. Washimi, T. Wu, C. Wu, H. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, T.S. Yamamura, S. Yamazaki, R. Yang, L.-C. Yang, Y. Yeh, S.-W. Yokoyama, J. Yokozawa, T. Yuzurihara, H. Zhao, Y. Zhu, Z.-H. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo152-8551 Japan Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0032 Japan LIGO Hanford Observatory RichlandWA99352 United States 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo181-8588 Japan 245 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Xinjiekouwai Street 19 Haidian District Beijing100875 China Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City701 Taiwan Institute of Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Kamioka Branch National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 238 Higashi-Mozumi Kamioka-cho Hida City Gifu506-1205 Japan Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Section 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Faculty of Science University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama City Toyama930-8555 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research KAGRA Observatory The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha Chiba Kashiwa City277-8582 Japan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University 101 Univ. Street Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics Graduate School of Science Osaka Metropolitan University 3-3-138 Sugimoto-cho Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka558-

The output of a gravitational wave telescope is a voltage signal which needs to be calibrated to get the strain signal h(t). This signal h(t) can then be used to derive various parameters of the gravitational wave sources. Any uncertainty in the calibration is directly transferred to these parameters. Therefore, absolute calibration of gravitation wave detectors using a precise reference (known) signal is essential. Currently, KAGRA uses Photon Calibrator (PCAL) to generate reference signals for calibration. PCAL injects a power-modulated laser onto the test mass to calibrate the absolute displacement of the mirror using radiation pressure. Hence, the absolute calibration of KAGRA is limited to 3% by the absolute laser power measurement uncertainty due to the deviation in the laser power standards. KAGRA proposed a new method combining PCAL with Gravity field Calibrator (GCAL) to reduce the calibration uncertainty. GCAL modulates the test mass using a dynamic gravitational field generated by rotating multipole masses. Since the injected force by GCAL depends on the gravitational constant, mass, distance, rotation frequency, and radius, calibration uncertainty in the sub-percent region can be achieved. In this paper, we will report on the progress of the development of the gravity field calibrator and our future plans. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Laser mirrors