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A comprehensive systematic review of machine learning in the retail industry: classifications, limitations, opportunities, and challenges

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第4期37卷 2035-2070页

作者： Hassan, Dler O. Hassan, Bryar A. Department of Computer Science College of Science Charmo University Kurdistan Region Chamchamal Sulaimani46023 Iraq Computer Science and Engineering Department School of Science and Engineering University of Kurdistan Hewler Erbil Iraq

Machine learning has profoundly transformed various industries, notably revolutionizing the retail sector through diverse applications that significantly enhance operational efficiency and performance. This comprehensive review examines the state-of-the-art machine learning applications in the retail sector from 2019 to 2024, focusing on supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and ensemble methods. It aims to identify and categorize recent machine learning applications in retail, evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithms, and determine the most suitable algorithms for specific retail use cases. This review article examines 56 studies and identifies 20 unique machine learning applications within the retail sector. This review also discusses the challenges and opportunities of implementing machine learning in retail, offering valuable insights to guide future research and enhance retail performance and customer satisfaction. The findings highlight the strengths and limitations of different machine learning methods, providing insights into their practical applications and future potential. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Ensemble methods Machine learning Retail Supervised learning Unsupervised learning

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3D AIR-UNet: attention–inception–residual-based U-Net for brain tumor segmentation from multimodal MRI

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第16期37卷 9969-9990页

作者： Sharma, Vani Kumar, Mohit Yadav, Arun Kumar Department of Computer Science & Engineering NIT Hamirpur Hamirpur India

Brain tumors are ranked highly among the leading causes of cancer-related fatalities. Precise segmentation and quantitative assessment of brain tumors are crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment planning. However, manual segmentation is often laborious, challenging, and prone to errors, necessitating the creation of a fully automated brain tumor segmentation approach. This article introduces "3D AIR-UNet," an end-to-end architecture aiming to automate the segmentation of brain tumors from MRI data. The presented model employs an encoder–decoder architecture, with carefully constructed inception–residual units replacing the usual convolution layers used in UNet. The inception–residual block combines the advantages of inception modules and residual connections to provide a powerful feature extraction mechanism. It captures extensive multi-scale information by combining different filter sizes. This block’s design is effective at handling complex 3D data patterns, making it a vital component of sophisticated neural network architecture. Moreover, an attention mechanism further boosts the capability of the model to differentiate between tumor and non-tumor regions, leading to improved localization and contextual understanding. Additionally, skip connections are employed between the encoder and decoder at each level to speed up the training process. The proposed 3D AIR-UNet architecture demonstrated encouraging outcomes, attaining dice scores of 0.9218 for the whole tumor, 0.9019 for the tumor core, and 0.8788 for the enhancing tumor when evaluated on the BraTS 2020 dataset. Comparative analysis with contemporary methods suggests that 3D AIR-UNet notably enhances the segmentation accuracy of brain tumor subregions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Decoding

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Classification-oriented dawid skene model for transferring intelligence from crowds to machines

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Frontiers of computer science 2023年第5期17卷 53-66页

作者： Jiaran LI Richong ZHANG Samuel MENSAH Wenyi QIN Chunming HU Department of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Computer Science University of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK

When a crowdsourcing approach is used to assist the classification of a set of items,the main objective is to classify this set of items by aggregating the worker-provided labels.A secondary objective is to assess the workers’skill levels in this process.A classical model that achieves both objectives is the famous Dawid-Skene *** this paper,we consider a third objective in this context,namely,to learn a classifier that is capable of labelling future items without further assistance of crowd *** extending the DawidSkene model to include the item features into consideration,we develop a Classification-Oriented Dawid Skene(CODS)model,which achieves the three objectives *** effectiveness of CODS on this three dimensions of the problem space is demonstrated experimentally.

关键词： crowdsourcing information aggregation lear-ning from crowds

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A Privacy-Preserving Graph Neural Network Framework with Attention Mechanism for Computational Offloading in the Internet of Vehicles

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第4期143卷 225-254页

作者： Aishwarya Rajasekar Vetriselvi Vetrian Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India

The integration of technologies like artificial intelligence,6G,and vehicular ad-hoc networks holds great potential to meet the communication demands of the Internet of Vehicles and drive the advancement of vehicle ***,these advancements also generate a surge in data processing requirements,necessitating the offloading of vehicular tasks to edge servers due to the limited computational capacity of *** recent advancements,the robustness and scalability of the existing approaches with respect to the number of vehicles and edge servers and their resources,as well as privacy,remain a *** this paper,a lightweight offloading strategy that leverages ubiquitous connectivity through the Space Air Ground Integrated Vehicular Network architecture while ensuring privacy preservation is *** Internet of Vehicles(IoV)environment is first modeled as a graph,with vehicles and base stations as nodes,and their communication links as ***,vehicular applications are offloaded to suitable servers based on latency using an attention-based heterogeneous graph neural network(HetGNN)***,a differential privacy stochastic gradient descent trainingmechanism is employed for privacypreserving of vehicles and offloading ***,the simulation results demonstrated that the proposedHetGNN method shows good performance with 0.321 s of inference time,which is 42.68%,63.93%,30.22%,and 76.04% less than baseline methods such as Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient,Deep Q Learning,Deep Neural Network,and Genetic Algorithm,respectively.

关键词： Internet of vehicles vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANET) multiaccess edge computing task offloading graph neural networks differential privacy

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Goal Object Grounding and Multimodal Mapping for Multi-object Visual Navigation

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第6期30卷 596-606页

作者： Choi, Jeonghyun Kim, Incheol Department of Computer Science Kyonggi University Korea Republic of

Multi-object visual navigation (MultiON) is a special type of visual navigation task that requires an embodied agent to visit multiple goal objects distributed over an unseen three-dimensional (3D) environment in a predefined order. To successfully execute MultiON, an agent should be able to accurately ground individual goal objects based on language descriptions regarding their color and shape attributes and build a semantically rich map that effectively covers the entire environment. In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network-based agent model for performing MultiON tasks. The proposed model provides unique solutions to three different issues regarding MultiON agent design. First, the model adopts the pre-trained Grounding DINO module to ground the language descriptions of goal objects to the visual objects in input images in a zero-shot manner. Moreover, the model uses Bayesian posterior probabilities to effectively register the uncertain local contexts extracted from input images onto the global map. Finally, the model applies a novel reward function to efficiently motivate the agent to explore unvisited areas in the given environment for rapid and accurate map expansion. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed model by conducting various quantitative and qualitative experiments using the 3D simulation platform, AI-Habitat, and the benchmark scene dataset, Matterport3D. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Arrhythmia Detection by Using Chaos Theory with Machine Learning Algorithms

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 3855-3875页

作者： Maie Aboghazalah Passent El-kafrawy Abdelmoty M.Ahmed Rasha Elnemr Belgacem Bouallegue Ayman El-sayed Math and Computer Science Department Faculty of ScienceMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt College of Engineering Computer Science DepartmentEffat UniversityJeddahKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityShebin El-komEgypt Climate Change Information Center and Expert Systems Agriculture Research CenterGizaEgypt

Heart monitoring improves life ***(ECGs or EKGs)detect heart *** learning algorithms can create a few ECG diagnosis processing *** first method uses raw ECG and time-series *** second method classifies the ECG by patient *** third technique translates ECG impulses into Q waves,R waves and S waves(QRS)features using richer *** ECG signals vary naturally between humans and activities,we will combine the three feature selection methods to improve classification accuracy and *** using all three approaches have not been examined till *** researchers found that Machine Learning(ML)techniques can improve ECG *** study will compare popular machine learning techniques to evaluate ECG *** algorithms—Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Tree,Naive Bayes,and Neural Network—compare categorization *** plus prior knowledge has the highest accuracy(99%)of the four ML *** characteristics failed to identify signals without chaos *** 99.8%classification accuracy,the Decision Tree technique outperformed all previous experiments.

关键词： ECG extraction ECG leads time series prior knowledge and arrhythmia chaos theory QRS complex analysis machine learning ECG classification

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Multistep Brent oil price forecasting with a multi-aspect aeta-heuristic optimization and ensemble deep learning model

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Energy Informatics 2024年第1期7卷 1-19页

作者： Alruqimi, Mohammed Di Persio, Luca Department of Computer Science University of Verona Verona Italy

Accurate crude oil price forecasting is crucial for various economic activities, including energy trading, risk management, and investment planning. Although deep learning models have emerged as powerful tools for crude oil price forecasting, achieving accurate forecasts remains challenging. Deep learning models’ performance is heavily influenced by hyperparameters tuning, and they are expected to perform differently under various circumstances. Furthermore, price volatility is also sensitive to external factors such as world events. To address these limitations, we propose a hybrid approach that integrates metaheuristic optimisation with an ensemble of five widely used neural network architectures for time series forecasting. Unlike existing methods that apply metaheuristics to optimise hyperparameters within the neural network architecture, we exploit the GWO metaheuristic optimiser at four levels: feature selection, data preparation, model training, and forecast blending. The proposed approach has been evaluated for forecasting three-ahead days using real-world Brent crude oil price data, and the obtained results demonstrate that the proposed approach improves the forecasting performance measured using various benchmarks, achieving 0.000127 of MSE. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Crude oil price

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COVID-19 emergency decision-making using q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set,differential evolutionary and evidential reasoning techniques

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2025年第1期40卷 182-206页

作者： G Punnam Chander Sujit Das Department of Computer science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004India

In this paper,a robust and consistent COVID-19 emergency decision-making approach is proposed based on q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set(q-RLDFS),differential evolutionary(DE)optimization principles,and evidential reasoning(ER)*** proposed approach uses q-RLDFS in order to represent the evaluating values of the alternatives corresponding to the *** optimization is used to obtain the optimal weights of the attributes,and ER methodology is used to compute the aggregated q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy values(q-RLDFVs)of each *** the score values of alternatives are computed based on the aggregated *** alternative with the maximum score value is selected as a better *** applicability of the proposed approach has been illustrated in COVID-19 emergency decision-making system and sustainable energy planning ***,we have validated the proposed approach with a numerical ***,a comparative study is provided with the existing models,where the proposed approach is found to be robust to perform better and consistent in uncertain environments.

关键词： COVID-19 q-rung linear diophantine fuzzy set differential evolutionary evidential reasoning decision-making

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Performance Analysis of Heart Disease Prediction using Kernels in Support Vector Machine Model 4

Performance Analysis of Heart Disease Prediction using Kerne...

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4th International Conference of science and Information Technology in Smart Administration, ICSINTESA 2024

作者： Anggreainy, Maria Susan Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta11530 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376111

Linear data is a collection of data that is linearly separated by a straight line and nonlinear data is a collection of data that is not separated by a line. Usually, non-linear data is separated by irregular curves. However, for non-linear data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is difficult to classify data for non-linear data. The solution is to use Kernel Trick. Kernel Trick is a simple method used to map low-dimensional nonlinear data and transform it into a higher-dimensional space. The goal is to make it easier to classify data by finding a hyperplane that can separate the dataset linearly well. This research is to create a program that can predict heart disease using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model with Kernel Tricks. Heart disease prediction is very important because the heart is one of the most important organs in the human body. The results indicated that the SVM model with the Radial Basis Function (RBF) Kernel achieved the highest accuracy compared to the Linear Kernel and Polynomial Kernel. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Support vector regression

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Optimizing User-Centric Clustering and Pilot Assignment in Cell-Free Networks for Enhanced Spectral Efficiency

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第13期12卷 23139-23153页

作者： Aboulfotouh, Ahmed Fadlullah, Zubair Md Fouda, Mostafa M. Ismail, Muhammad Niyato, Dusit Lakehead University Department of Computer Science Thunder BayON Canada Western University Department of Computer Science Ontario LondonN6G 2V4 Canada Idaho State University College of Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PocatelloID83209 United States Tennessee Tech University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Science CookevilleTN United States Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Science and Engineering Singapore

Cell-free networks have emerged as a new paradigm for beyond-5G networks, offering uniform coverage and improved control over interference. However, scalability poses a challenge in full cell-free networks, where all access points (APs) serve all users. This challenge is addressed by user-centric clustering, where each user is served by a subset of APs, reducing complexity while maintaining coverage. In this paper, we provide an analysis of the relation between the user-centric clustering and pilot assignment problems in cell-free networks, and introduce a formulation which decouples both problems enabling each to be solved independently. We present a general problem formulation for the user-centric clustering problem, allowing the use of diverse per-user and network-wide performance metrics. Specifically, we focus on one instance of this framework, utilizing per-user spectral efficiency and network-wide sum spectral efficiency (SE) as metrics. Additionally, we formulate the pilot assignment problem to minimize overall channel estimation error while considering the user-centric clusters in evaluating the desirability of pilot assignments, which leads to better performing solutions. Both problems are classified as binary nonlinear programs that are at least NP-hard. To solve these optimization problems, our proposed methodology employs sample average approximation coupled with surrogate optimization for the user-centric clustering problem and utilizes the genetic algorithm for the pilot assignment problem. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the optimized solutions surpass baseline solutions, leading to significant improvements in spectral efficiency. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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