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Observation of Centrality-Dependent Acoplanarity for Muon Pairs Produced via Two-Photon Scattering in Pb+Pb Collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第21期121卷 212301-212301页

作者： M. Aaboud G. Aad B. Abbott O. Abdinov B. Abeloos D. K. Abhayasinghe S. H. Abidi O. S. AbouZeid N. L. Abraham H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B. S. Acharya S. Adachi L. Adamczyk J. Adelman M. Adersberger A. Adiguzel T. Adye A. A. Affolder Y. Afik C. Agheorghiesei J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra F. Ahmadov G. Aielli S. Akatsuka T. P. A. Åkesson E. Akilli A. V. Akimov G. L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco M. J. Alconada Verzini S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob B. Ali G. Alimonti J. Alison S. P. Alkire C. Allaire B. M. M. Allbrooke B. W. Allen P. P. Allport A. Aloisio A. Alonso F. Alonso C. Alpigiani A. A. Alshehri M. I. Alstaty B. Alvarez Gonzalez D. Álvarez Piqueras M. G. Alviggi B. T. Amadio Y. Amaral Coutinho L. Ambroz C. Amelung D. Amidei S. P. Amor Dos Santos S. Amoroso C. S. Amrouche C. Anastopoulos L. S. Ancu N. Andari T. Andeen C. F. Anders J. K. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei C. R. Anelli S. Angelidakis I. Angelozzi A. Angerami A. V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M. T. Anthony M. Antonelli D. J. A. Antrim F. Anulli M. Aoki J. A. Aparisi Pozo L. Aperio Bella G. Arabidze J. P. Araque V. Araujo Ferraz R. Araujo Pereira A. T. H. Arce R. E. Ardell F. A. Arduh J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos A. J. Armbruster L. J. Armitage A. Armstrong O. Arnaez H. Arnold M. Arratia O. Arslan A. Artamonov G. Artoni S. Artz S. Asai N. Asbah A. Ashkenazi E. M. Asimakopoulou L. Asquith K. Assamagan R. Astalos R. J. Atkin M. Atkinson N. B. Atlay K. Augsten G. Avolio R. Avramidou M. K. Ayoub G. Azuelos A. E. Baas M. J. Baca H. Bachacou K. Bachas M. Backes P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani H. Bahrasemani A. J. Bailey J. T. Baines M. Bajic C. Bakalis O. K. Baker P. J. Bakker D. Bakshi Gupta E. M. Baldin P. Balek F. Balli W. K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas A. Bandyopadhyay S. Banerjee A. A. E. Bannoura L. Barak W. M. Barbe E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero T. Barillari M-S. Barisits J. Barkeloo T. Barklow N. Barlow R. Barnea S. L. Barnes B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett Z. Barnovska-Blenessy A. Baroncelli Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM Oujda Morocco CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan LAL Université Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Iasi Romania Departamento de Física Teorica y del Cosmos Universidad de Granada Granada (Spain) Spain Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas - LIP Portugal Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma T

This Letter presents a measurement of γγ→μ+μ− production in Pb+Pb collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at sNN=5.02 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 0.49 nb−1. The azimuthal angle and transverse momentum correlations between the muons are measured as a function of collision centrality. The muon pairs are produced from γγ through the interaction of the large electromagnetic fields of the nuclei. The contribution from background sources of muon pairs is removed using a template fit method. In peripheral collisions, the muons exhibit a strong back-to-back correlation consistent with previous measurements of muon pair production in ultraperipheral collisions. The angular correlations are observed to broaden significantly in central collisions. The modifications are qualitatively consistent with rescattering of the muons while passing through the hot matter produced in the collision.

关键词： Relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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Combination of the Searches for Pair-Produced Vectorlike Partners of the Third-Generation Quarks at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第21期121卷 211801-211801页

作者： M. Aaboud G. Aad B. Abbott O. Abdinov B. Abeloos D. K. Abhayasinghe S. H. Abidi O. S. AbouZeid N. L. Abraham H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B. S. Acharya S. Adachi L. Adam L. Adamczyk J. Adelman M. Adersberger A. Adiguzel T. Adye A. A. Affolder Y. Afik C. Agheorghiesei J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra F. Ahmadov G. Aielli S. Akatsuka T. P. A. Åkesson E. Akilli A. V. Akimov G. L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco M. J. Alconada Verzini S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob B. Ali G. Alimonti J. Alison S. P. Alkire C. Allaire B. M. M. Allbrooke B. W. Allen P. P. Allport A. Aloisio A. Alonso F. Alonso C. Alpigiani A. A. Alshehri M. I. Alstaty B. Alvarez Gonzalez D. Álvarez Piqueras M. G. Alviggi B. T. Amadio Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler L. Ambroz C. Amelung D. Amidei S. P. Amor Dos Santos S. Amoroso C. S. Amrouche C. Anastopoulos L. S. Ancu N. Andari T. Andeen C. F. Anders J. K. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei C. R. Anelli S. Angelidakis I. Angelozzi A. Angerami A. V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M. T. Anthony M. Antonelli D. J. A. Antrim F. Anulli M. Aoki J. A. Aparisi Pozo L. Aperio Bella G. Arabidze J. P. Araque V. Araujo Ferraz R. Araujo Pereira A. T. H. Arce R. E. Ardell F. A. Arduh J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos A. J. Armbruster L. J. Armitage A. Armstrong O. Arnaez H. Arnold M. Arratia O. Arslan A. Artamonov G. Artoni S. Artz S. Asai N. Asbah E. M. Asimakopoulou L. Asquith K. Assamagan R. Astalos R. J. Atkin M. Atkinson N. B. Atlay K. Augsten G. Avolio R. Avramidou M. K. Ayoub A. M. Azoulay G. Azuelos A. E. Baas M. J. Baca H. Bachacou K. Bachas M. Backes P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani H. Bahrasemani A. J. Bailey J. T. Baines M. Bajic C. Bakalis O. K. Baker P. J. Bakker D. Bakshi Gupta S. Balaji E. M. Baldin P. Balek F. Balli W. K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas A. Bandyopadhyay S. Banerjee A. A. E. Bannoura L. Barak W. M. Barbe E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero T. Barillari M-S. Barisits J. Barkeloo T. Barklow R. Barnea S. L. Barnes B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett Z. Barnovska-Ble Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM Oujda Morocco CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan LAL Université Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Institut für Physik Universität Mainz Mainz Germany AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Iasi Romania Departamento de Física Teorica y del Cosmos Universidad de Granada Granada (Spain) Spain Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas—LIP Portugal Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergat

A combination of the searches for pair-produced vectorlike partners of the top and bottom quarks in various decay channels (T→Zt/Wb/Ht, B→Zb/Wt/Hb) is performed using 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed data are found to be in good agreement with the standard model background prediction in all individual searches. Therefore, combined 95% confidence-level upper limits are set on the production cross section for a range of vectorlike quark scenarios, significantly improving upon the reach of the individual searches. Model-independent limits are set assuming the vectorlike quarks decay to standard model particles. A singlet T is excluded for masses below 1.31 TeV and a singlet B is excluded for masses below 1.22 TeV. Assuming a weak isospin (T,B) doublet and |VTb|≪|VtB|, T and B masses below 1.37 TeV are excluded.

关键词： Extensions of fermion sector Particle production Hypothetical fermions Quarks Hadron colliders Particle data analysis

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Probing the Quantum Interference between Singly and Doubly Resonant Top-Quark Production in pp Collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第15期121卷 152002-152002页

作者： M. Aaboud G. Aad B. Abbott O. Abdinov B. Abeloos D. K. Abhayasinghe S. H. Abidi O. S. AbouZeid N. L. Abraham H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B. S. Acharya S. Adachi L. Adamczyk J. Adelman M. Adersberger A. Adiguzel T. Adye A. A. Affolder Y. Afik C. Agheorghiesei J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra F. Ahmadov G. Aielli S. Akatsuka T. P. A. Åkesson E. Akilli A. V. Akimov G. L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco M. J. Alconada Verzini S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob B. Ali G. Alimonti J. Alison S. P. Alkire C. Allaire B. M. M. Allbrooke B. W. Allen P. P. Allport A. Aloisio A. Alonso F. Alonso C. Alpigiani A. A. Alshehri M. I. Alstaty B. Alvarez Gonzalez D. Álvarez Piqueras M. G. Alviggi B. T. Amadio Y. Amaral Coutinho L. Ambroz C. Amelung D. Amidei S. P. Amor Dos Santos S. Amoroso C. S. Amrouche C. Anastopoulos L. S. Ancu N. Andari T. Andeen C. F. Anders J. K. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei C. R. Anelli S. Angelidakis I. Angelozzi A. Angerami A. V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M. T. Anthony M. Antonelli D. J. A. Antrim F. Anulli M. Aoki L. Aperio Bella G. Arabidze J. P. Araque V. Araujo Ferraz R. Araujo Pereira A. T. H. Arce R. E. Ardell F. A. Arduh J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos A. J. Armbruster L. J. Armitage A Armstrong O. Arnaez H. Arnold M. Arratia O. Arslan A. Artamonov G. Artoni S. Artz S. Asai N. Asbah A. Ashkenazi E. M. Asimakopoulou L. Asquith K. Assamagan R. Astalos R. J. Atkin M. Atkinson N. B. Atlay K. Augsten G. Avolio R. Avramidou M. K. Ayoub G. Azuelos A. E. Baas M. J. Baca H. Bachacou K. Bachas M. Backes P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani H. Bahrasemani A. J. Bailey J. T. Baines M. Bajic C. Bakalis O. K. Baker P. J. Bakker D. Bakshi Gupta E. M. Baldin P. Balek F. Balli W. K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas A. Bandyopadhyay S. Banerjee A. A. E. Bannoura L. Barak W. M. Barbe E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero T. Barillari M-S. Barisits J. Barkeloo T. Barklow N. Barlow R. Barnea S. L. Barnes B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett Z. Barnovska-Blenessy A. Baroncelli G. Barone A. J. Bar Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM Oujda Morocco CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan LAL Université Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Iasi Romania Departamento de Física Teorica y del Cosmos Universidad de Granada Granada Spain Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas - LIP Portugal Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Roma Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma Tor

This Letter presents a normalized differential cross-section measurement in a fiducial phase-space region where interference effects between top-quark pair production and associated production of a single top quark with a W boson and a b-quark are significant. Events with exactly two leptons (ee, μμ, or eμ) and two b-tagged jets that satisfy a multiparticle invariant mass requirement are selected from 36.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data taken at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. The results are compared with predictions from simulations using various strategies for the interference. The standard prescriptions for interference modeling are significantly different from each other but are within 2σ of the data. State-of-the-art predictions that naturally incorporate interference effects provide the best description of the data in the measured region of phase space most sensitive to these effects. These results provide an important constraint on interference models and will guide future model development and tuning.

关键词： Particle interactions Top quark Particle data analysis

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Search for Resonant and Nonresonant Higgs Boson Pair Production in the bb¯τ+τ− Decay Channel in pp Collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第19期121卷 191801-191801页

作者： M. Aaboud G. Aad B. Abbott O. Abdinov B. Abeloos D. K. Abhayasinghe S. H. Abidi O. S. AbouZeid N. L. Abraham H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B. S. Acharya S. Adachi L. Adamczyk J. Adelman M. Adersberger A. Adiguzel T. Adye A. A. Affolder Y. Afik C. Agheorghiesei J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra F. Ahmadov G. Aielli S. Akatsuka T. P. A. Åkesson E. Akilli A. V. Akimov G. L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco M. J. Alconada Verzini S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos M. Alhroob B. Ali G. Alimonti J. Alison S. P. Alkire C. Allaire B. M. M. Allbrooke B. W. Allen P. P. Allport A. Aloisio A. Alonso F. Alonso C. Alpigiani A. A. Alshehri M. I. Alstaty B. Alvarez Gonzalez D. Álvarez Piqueras M. G. Alviggi B. T. Amadio Y. Amaral Coutinho L. Ambroz C. Amelung D. Amidei S. P. Amor Dos Santos S. Amoroso C. S. Amrouche C. Anastopoulos L. S. Ancu N. Andari T. Andeen C. F. Anders J. K. Anders K. J. Anderson A. Andreazza V. Andrei C. R. Anelli S. Angelidakis I. Angelozzi A. Angerami A. V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M. T. Anthony M. Antonelli D. J. A. Antrim F. Anulli M. Aoki J. A. Aparisi Pozo L. Aperio Bella G. Arabidze J. P. Araque V. Araujo Ferraz R. Araujo Pereira A. T. H. Arce R. E. Ardell F. A. Arduh J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos A. J. Armbruster L. J. Armitage A Armstrong O. Arnaez H. Arnold M. Arratia O. Arslan A. Artamonov G. Artoni S. Artz S. Asai N. Asbah A. Ashkenazi E. M. Asimakopoulou L. Asquith K. Assamagan R. Astalos R. J. Atkin M. Atkinson N. B. Atlay K. Augsten G. Avolio R. Avramidou M. K. Ayoub G. Azuelos A. E. Baas M. J. Baca H. Bachacou K. Bachas M. Backes P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani H. Bahrasemani A. J. Bailey J. T. Baines M. Bajic C. Bakalis O. K. Baker P. J. Bakker D. Bakshi Gupta E. M. Baldin P. Balek F. Balli W. K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas A. Bandyopadhyay S. Banerjee A. A. E. Bannoura L. Barak W. M. Barbe E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero T. Barillari M-S. Barisits J. Barkeloo T. Barklow N. Barlow R. Barnea S. L. Barnes B. M. Barnett R. M. Barnett Z. Barnovska-Blenessy A. Baroncelli Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM Oujda Morocco CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan LAL Université Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi Iasi Romania Departamento de Física Teorica y del Cosmos Universidad de Granada Granada (Spain) Spain Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas - LIP Portugal Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Roma T

A search for resonant and nonresonant pair production of Higgs bosons in the bb¯τ+τ− final state is presented. The search uses 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data with s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015 and 2016. Decays of the τ-lepton pairs with at least one τ lepton decaying to final states with hadrons and a neutrino are considered. No significant excess above the expected background is observed in the data. The cross-section times branching ratio for nonresonant Higgs boson pair production is constrained to be less than 30.9 fb, 12.7 times the standard model expectation, at 95% confidence level. The data are also analyzed to probe resonant Higgs boson pair production, constraining a model with an extended Higgs sector based on two doublets and a Randall-Sundrum bulk graviton model. Upper limits are placed on the resonant Higgs boson pair production cross-section times branching ratio, excluding resonances X in the mass range 305 GeV

关键词： Extensions of Higgs sector Spontaneous symmetry breaking Higgs bosons Hypothetical scalars

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Publisher's Note: "Chemical vapor deposition of monolayer MoS2directly on ultrathin Al2O3for low-power electronics" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 110, 053101 (2016)]

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applied physics Letters 2017年第9期110卷

作者： Bergeron, Hadallia Sangwan, Vinod K. McMorrow, Julian J. Campbell, Gavin P. Balla, Itamar Liu, Xiaolong Bedzyk, Michael J. Marks, Tobin J. Hersam, Mark C. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States

This article was originally published online on 30 January 2017. Due to a production error, outdated versions of Figures 1 and 4 appeared in the article as orig

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Valley-selective optical Stark effect probed by Kerr rotation

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： LaMountain, Trevor Bergeron, Hadallia Balla, Itamar Stanev, Teodor K. Hersam, Mark C. Stern, Nathaniel P. Applied Physics Program Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

The ability to monitor and control distinct states is at the heart of emerging quantum technologies. The valley pseudospin in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers is a promising degree of freedom for such control, with the optical Stark effect allowing for valley-selective manipulation of energy levels in WS2 and WSe2 using ultrafast optical pulses. Despite these advances, understanding of valley-sensitive optical Stark shifts in TMDCs has been limited by reflectance-based detection methods where the signal is small and prone to background effects. More sensitive polarization-based spectroscopy is required to better probe ultrafast Stark shifts for all-optical manipulation of valley energy levels. Here, we show time-resolved Kerr rotation to be a more sensitive probe of the valley-selective optical Stark effect in monolayer TMDCs. Compared to the established time-resolved reflectance methods, Kerr rotation is less sensitive to background effects. Kerr rotation provides a five-fold improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the Stark effect optical signal and a more precise estimate of the energy shift. This increased sensitivity allows for observation of an optical Stark shift in monolayer MoS2 that exhibits both valley- and energy-selectivity, demonstrating the promise of this method for investigating this effect in other layered materials and heterostructures. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Landforms

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Task-driven convolutional recurrent models of the visual system

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Nayebi, Aran Bear, Daniel Kubilius, Jonas Kar, Kohitij Ganguli, Surya Sussillo, David DiCarlo, James J. Yamins, Daniel L.K. Neurosciences PhD Program Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Psychology Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Computer Science Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States McGovern Institute for Brain Research MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences MIT CambridgeMA02139 United States Brain and Cognition KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Google Brain Google Inc. Mountain ViewCA94043 United States Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute StanfordCA94305 United States

Feed-forward convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are currently state-of-the-art for object classification tasks such as ImageNet. Further, they are quantitatively accurate models of temporally-averaged responses of neurons in the primate brain's visual system. However, biological visual systems have two ubiquitous architectural features not shared with typical CNNs: local recurrence within cortical areas, and long-range feedback from downstream areas to upstream areas. Here we explored the role of recurrence in improving classification performance. We found that standard forms of recurrence (vanilla RNNs and LSTMs) do not perform well within deep CNNs on the ImageNet task. In contrast, novel cells that incorporated two structural features, bypassing and gating, were able to boost task accuracy substantially. We extended these design principles in an automated search over thousands of model architectures, which identified novel local recurrent cells and long-range feedback connections useful for object recognition. Moreover, these task-optimized ConvRNNs matched the dynamics of neural activity in the primate visual system better than feedforward networks, suggesting a role for the brain's recurrent connections in performing difficult visual behaviors. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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Emergent equilibrium in many-body optical bistability

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Physical Review A 2017年第4期95卷 043826-043826页

作者： M. Foss-Feig P. Niroula J. T. Young M. Hafezi A. V. Gorshkov R. M. Wilson M. F. Maghrebi United States Army Research Laboratory Adelphi Maryland 20783 USA Joint Quantum Institute NIST and University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST and University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics United States Naval Academy Annapolis Maryland 21402 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA

Many-body systems constructed of quantum-optical building blocks can now be realized in experimental platforms ranging from exciton-polariton fluids to ultracold Rydberg gases, establishing a fascinating interface between traditional many-body physics and the driven-dissipative, nonequilibrium setting of cavity QED. At this interface, the standard techniques and intuitions of both fields are called into question, obscuring issues as fundamental as the role of fluctuations, dimensionality, and symmetry on the nature of collective behavior and phase transitions. Here, we study the driven-dissipative Bose-Hubbard model, a minimal description of numerous atomic, optical, and solid-state systems in which particle loss is countered by coherent driving. Despite being a lattice version of optical bistability, a foundational and patently nonequilibrium model of cavity QED, the steady state possesses an emergent equilibrium description in terms of a classical Ising model. We establish this picture by making new connections between traditional techniques from many-body physics (functional integrals) and quantum optics (the system-size expansion). To lowest order in a controlled expansion—organized around the experimentally relevant limit of weak interactions—the full quantum dynamics reduces to nonequilibrium Langevin equations, which support a phase transition described by model A of the Hohenberg-Halperin classification. Numerical simulations of the Langevin equations corroborate this picture, revealing that canonical behavior associated with the Ising model manifests readily in simple experimental observables.

关键词： Cavity quantum electrodynamics Quantum fluctuations & noise Nonequilibrium lattice models Semiconductor microcavities Path-integral methods Semiclassical methods

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Erratum to: Measurement of the W-boson mass in pp collisions at with the ATLAS detector

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The European Physical Journal C 2018年第11期78卷 1-14页

作者： Aaboud, M. Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdinov, O. Abeloos, B. Abidi, S. H. AbouZeid, O. S. Abraham, N. L. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Abreu, R. Abulaiti, Y. Acharya, B. S. Adachi, S. Adamczyk, L. Adams, D. L. Adelman, J. Adersberger, M. Adye, T. Affolder, A. A. Agatonovic-Jovin, T. Agheorghiesei, C. Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A. Ahlen, S. P. Ahmadov, F. Aielli, G. Akatsuka, S. Akerstedt, H. Åkesson, T. P. A. Akimov, A. V. Alberghi, G. L. Albert, J. Alconada Verzini, M. J. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I. N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Ali, B. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Alkire, S. P. Allbrooke, B. M. M. Allen, B. W. Allport, P. P. Aloisio, A. Alonso, A. Alonso, F. Alpigiani, C. Alshehri, A. A. Alstaty, M. Alvarez Gonzalez, B. Álvarez Piqueras, D. Alviggi, M. G. Amadio, B. T. Amaral Coutinho, Y. Amelung, C. Amidei, D. Amor Dos Santos, S. P. Amorim, A. Amoroso, S. Amundsen, G. Anastopoulos, C. Ancu, L. S. Andari, N. Andeen, T. Anders, C. F. Anders, J. K. Anderson, K. J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Angelidakis, S. Angelozzi, I. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anisenkov, A. V. Anjos, N. Annovi, A. Antel, C. Antonelli, M. Antonov, A. Antrim, D. J. Anulli, F. Aoki, M. Aperio Bella, L. Arabidze, G. Arai, Y. Araque, J. P. Araujo Ferraz, V. Arce, A. T. H. Ardell, R. E. Arduh, F. A. Arguin, J-F. Argyropoulos, S. Arik, M. Armbruster, A. J. Armitage, L. J. Arnaez, O. Arnold, H. Arratia, M. Arslan, O. Artamonov, A. Artoni, G. Artz, S. Asai, S. Asbah, N. Ashkenazi, A. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astalos, R. Atkinson, M. Atlay, N. B. Augsten, K. Avolio, G. Axen, B. Ayoub, M. K. Azuelos, G. Baas, A. E. Baca, M. J. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Backhaus, M. Bagiacchi, P. Bagnaia, P. Baines, J. T. Bajic, M. Baker, O. K. Baldin, E. M. Balek, P. Balestri, T. Balli, F. Balunas, W. K. Banas, E. Banerjee, Sw. Bannoura, A. A. E. Barak, L. Barberio, E. L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Barillari, T. Barisits, M-S. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnes, S. L. Barnett, B. M. Barnett, R. M. Barnovska-Blenessy, Z. Baroncelli, A. Barone, G. Faculté des Sciences Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM Oujda Morocco CPPM Aix-Marseille Université and CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman USA Department of Physics The University of Texas at Arlington Arlington USA Institute of Physics Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan LAL Univ. Paris-Sud CNRS/IN2P3 Université Paris-Saclay Orsay France Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto Canada Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton UK Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion: Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Center for High Energy Physics University of Oregon Eugene USA Department of Physics Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden The Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm Sweden INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy International Center for Elementary Particle Physics and Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science AGH University of Science and Technology Kraków Poland Physics Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton USA Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Munich Germany Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK Institute of Physics University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering Bucharest Romania Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas-LIP Lisbon Portugal Departamento de Fisica Teorica y del Cosmos and CAFPE Universidad de Granada Granada Spain Department of Physics Boston University Boston USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research JINR Dubn

It has been found that Figure 30 shows the 68% and 99% confidence-level contours for the W boson and top quark mass measurements, instead of the 68% and 95% confidence-level contours, as stated in the legend.

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Coherent optical nano-tweezers for ultra-cold atoms

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Bienias, P. Subhankar, S. Wang, Y. Tsui, T.-C. Jendrzejewski, F. Tiecke, T. Juzeliūnas, G. Jiang, L. Rolston, S.L. Porto, J.V. Gorshkov, A.V. Joint Quantum Institute NIST/University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Kirchhoff Institut für Physik Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 Heidelberg69120 Germany Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Vilnius University Saul etekio Avenue 3 VilniusLT-10257 Lithuania Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Yale Quantum Institute Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST/University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Facebook Inc. 1 Hacker Way Menlo ParkCA94025 United States

There has been a recent surge of interest and progress in creating subwavelength free-space optical potentials for ultra-cold atoms. A key open question is whether geometric potentials, which are repulsive and ubiquitous in the creation of subwavelength free-space potentials, forbid the creation of narrow traps with long lifetimes. Here, we show that it is possible to create such traps. We propose two schemes for realizing subwavelength traps and demonstrate their superiority over existing proposals. We analyze the lifetime of atoms in such traps and show that long-lived bound states are possible. This work opens a new frontier for the subwavelength control and manipulation of ultracold matter, with applications in quantum chemistry and quantum simulation. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum chemistry

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