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Subwavelength-width optical tunnel junctions for ultracold atoms

Physical Review A 2016年第6期94卷 063422-063422页

作者： F. Jendrzejewski S. Eckel T. G. Tiecke G. Juzeliūnas G. K. Campbell Liang Jiang A. V. Gorshkov Kirchhoff Institut für Physik Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 227 69120 Heidelberg Germany Joint Quantum Institute NIST/University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Facebook Inc. Connectivity Lab 1 Hacker Way Menlo Park California 94025 USA Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astronomy Vilnius University Saulėtekio Avenue 3 LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania Departments of Applied Physics and Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST/University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA

We propose a method for creating far-field optical barrier potentials for ultracold atoms with widths that are narrower than the diffraction limit and can approach tens of nanometers. The reduced widths stem from the nonlinear atomic response to control fields that create spatially varying dark resonances. The subwavelength barrier is the result of the geometric scalar potential experienced by an atom prepared in such a spatially varying dark state. The performance of this technique, as well as its applications to the study of many-body physics and to the implementation of quantum-information protocols with ultracold atoms, are discussed, with a focus on the implementation of tunnel junctions.

关键词： Andreev reflection Atom & ion trapping & guiding Atom optics Coherent control Electromagnetically induced transparency Entanglement detection Josephson effect Quantum algorithms Quantum control Quantum information with atoms & light Atoms Bose gases Bose-Einstein condensates Fermi gases Fermionic condensates Tunnel junctions Ultracold gases

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Output polarization characteristics of a GaN microcavity diode polariton laser

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Physical Review B 2016年第3期94卷 035203-035203页

作者： Aniruddha Bhattacharya Md Zunaid Baten Ivan Iorsh Thomas Frost Alexey Kavokin Pallab Bhattacharya Center for Photonics and Multiscale Nanomaterials Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan 1301 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA National Research University for Information Technology Mechanics and Optics (ITMO) St. Petersburg 197101 Russia Division of Physics and Applied Physics Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore CNR-SPIN Viale del Politecnico 1 I-00133 Rome Italy School of Physics and Astronomy University of Southampton SO17 1BJ Southampton United Kingdom Spin Optics Laboratory State University of St. Petersburg 1 Ulianovskaya 198504 St. Petersburg Russia

We report the steady state output polarization characteristics of GaN-based microcavity polariton lasers operated with electrical injection at room temperature. The output is unpolarized below the nonlinear threshold injection current and is linearly polarized above it with a maximum degree of polarization of ∼22%. The results have been analyzed theoretically, and the calculated results are in agreement with the measured data. We have also measured the polarization-resolved output light current characteristics, wherein a distinct lowering of the non-linear threshold is observed in one device. This is interpreted in terms of spatially inhomogeneous lifting of degeneracy and polarization splitting in the microcavity.

关键词： Optoelectronics Polaritons Polarization

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SemEval 2015 Task 18: Broad-Coverage Semantic Dependency Parsing 9

SemEval 2015 Task 18: Broad-Coverage Semantic Dependency Par...

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9th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, SemEval 2015

作者： Oepen, Stephan Kuhlmann, Marco Miyao, Yusuke Zeman, Daniel Cinková, Silvie Flickinger, Dan Hajič, Jan Urešová, Zdeňka University of Oslo Department of Informatics Norway Potsdam University Department of Linguistics Germany Linköping University Department of Computer and Information Science Sweden National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan Charles University in Prague Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Czech Republic Stanford University Center for the Study of Language and Information United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781941643402

Task 18 at SemEval 2015 defines Broad-Coverage Semantic Dependency Parsing (SDP) as the problem of recovering sentence-internal predicate-argument relationships for all content words, i.e. the semantic structure constituting the relational core of sentence meaning. In this task description, we position the problem in comparison to other language analysis sub-tasks, introduce and compare the semantic dependency target representations used, and summarize the task setup, participating systems, and main results. © 2015 Association for Computational Linguistics

关键词： Syntactics

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Maximizing the Extensible Authentication Protocol Maximum Transfer Unit to minimize the authenticating data transmission in the IEEE 802.15.4 networks

Maximizing the Extensible Authentication Protocol Maximum Tr...

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Marcin Piotr Pawlowski Antonio J. Jara Maciej J. Ogorzalek Institute of Information Systems University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO) Department of Information Technologies Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479959532

Securing Internet of Things is currently one of the most challenging tasks standing before the research community. Finding adequate combination of strong cryptography, lightweight computation and minimalistic data transmission with scarce energy resources and no maintenance times is very hard. This paper introduces new mechanism for IEEE 802.1X authentication scheme that has been previously extended for the IEEE 802.15.4 networks. The new solution has been designed to minimize the number of transmitted packets during the authentication process through maximization of the Extensible Authentication Protocol Maximum Transfer Unit. The results have been promising for the certificate based EAP Methods with reduction of around 10% of transferred packets for the EAP-TLS-RSA based methods and around 7% for the EAP-TLS-ECDSA based methods.

关键词： EAP RADIUS SEAPOL Authentication Boot-strapping Internet of Things Extensible Authentication Protocol Internet of things Radius data transmission Authentication Energy sources Maintenance time INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERS

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Local search methods based on variable focusing for random K-satisfiability

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Physical Review E 2015年第1期91卷 013305-013305页

作者： Rémi Lemoy Mikko Alava Erik Aurell Aalto University Department of Applied Physics Espoo Finland Aalto University Department of Information and Computer Science Espoo Finland Department of Computational Biology and ACCESS Linnaeus Centre KTH-Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

We introduce variable focused local search algorithms for satisfiabiliity problems. Usual approaches focus uniformly on unsatisfied clauses. The methods described here work by focusing on random variables in unsatisfied clauses. Variants are considered where variables are selected uniformly and randomly or by introducing a bias towards picking variables participating in several unsatistified clauses. These are studied in the case of the random 3-SAT problem, together with an alternative energy definition, the number of variables in unsatisfied constraints. The variable-based focused Metropolis search (V-FMS) is found to be quite close in performance to the standard clause-based FMS at optimal noise. At infinite noise, instead, the threshold for the linearity of solution times with instance size is improved by picking preferably variables in several UNSAT clauses. Consequences for algorithmic design are discussed.

关键词： Local search (optimization)

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Models of reduced-noise, probabilistic linear amplifiers

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Physical Review A 2016年第5期93卷 052310-052310页

作者： Joshua Combes Nathan Walk A. P. Lund T. C. Ralph Carlton M. Caves Institute for Quantum Computing Department of Applied Mathematics University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics 31 Caroline St. N Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 2Y5 Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia Centre for Quantum Dynamics Griffith University Nathan Queensland 4111 Australia Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Wolfson Building Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QD United Kingdom Center for Quantum Information and Control University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico 87131-0001 USA

We construct an amplifier that interpolates between a nondeterministic, immaculate linear amplifier and a deterministic, ideal linear amplifier and beyond to nonideal linear amplifiers. The construction involves cascading an immaculate linear amplifier that has amplitude gain g1 with a (possibly) nonideal linear amplifier that has gain g2. With respect to normally ordered moments, the device has output noise μ2(G2−1) where G=g1g2 is the overall amplitude gain and μ2 is a noise parameter. When μ2≥1, our devices realize ideal (μ2=1) and nonideal (μ2>1) linear amplifiers. When 0≤μ2<1, these devices work effectively only over a restricted region of phase space and with some subunity success probability p✓. We investigate the performance of our μ2 amplifiers in terms of a gain-corrected probability-fidelity product and the ratio of input to output signal-to-noise ratios corrected for success probability.

关键词： Optical parametric oscillators & amplifiers Quantum fluctuations & noise Quantum information architectures & platforms

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Creation of backdoors in quantum communications via laser damage

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Physical Review A 2016年第3期94卷 030302(R)-030302(R)页

作者： Vadim Makarov Jean-Philippe Bourgoin Poompong Chaiwongkhot Mathieu Gagné Thomas Jennewein Sarah Kaiser Raman Kashyap Matthieu Legré Carter Minshull Shihan Sajeed Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Engineering Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering École Polytechnique de Montréal Montréal QC Canada H3C 3A7 Quantum Information Science Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto ON Canada M5G 1Z8 ID Quantique SA Chemin de la Marbrerie 3 1227 Carouge Geneva Switzerland

Practical quantum communication (QC) protocols are assumed to be secure provided implemented devices are properly characterized and all known side channels are closed. We show that this is not always true. We demonstrate a laser-damage attack capable of modifying device behavior on demand. We test it on two practical QC systems for key distribution and coin tossing, and show that newly created deviations lead to side channels. This reveals that laser damage is a potential security risk to existing QC systems, and necessitates their testing to guarantee security.

关键词： Lasers Quantum cryptography Quantum optics

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Automatic classification of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data of protein biomarker solutions

Automatic classification of laser-induced breakdown spectros...

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作者： Pokrajac, David Lazarevic, Aleksandar Kecman, Vojislav Marcano, Aristides Markushin, Yuri Vance, Tia Reljin, Natasa McDaniel, Samantha Melikechi, Noureddine Department of Information and Computer Sciences Optical Science Center for Applied Research Delaware State University DoverDE19901 United States Travelers Insurance One Tower Square HartfordCT06183 United States Virginia Commonwealth University 401 West Main Street RichmondVA23284 United States Department of Physics and Engineering Optical Science Center for Applied Research Delaware State University DoverDE19901 United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Maryland Eastern Shore 1 Backbone Road Princess AnneMD21853 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA01609 United States

We perform multi-class classification of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data of four commercial samples of proteins diluted In phosphate-buffered saline solution at different concentrations: bovine serum albumin, osteopontin, leptin, and insulin-like growth 'actor II. We achieve this by using principal component analysis as a method for dimensionality reduction. In addition, we apply several different classification algorithms (K-nearest neighbor, classification and regression trees, neural networks, support vector machines, adaptive local hyperplane, and linear discriminant classifiers) to perform multi-class classification. We achieve classification accuracies above 98% by using the linear classifier With 21-31 principal components. We obtain the best detection Performance for neural networks, support vector machines, and adaptive local hyperplanes for a range of the number of principal components with no significant differences in performance except 'or that of the linear classifier. With the optimal number of principal components, a simplistic K-nearest classifier still provided acceptable results. Our proposed approach demonstrates that highly accurate automatic classification of complex protein samples from laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data can be successfully achieved using principal component analysis with a sufficiently large number of extracted features, followed by a wrapper technique to determine the optimal number of principal components. © 2014 Society for applied Spectroscopy.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Experimental reconstruction of time-bin-entangled qutrit states using polarization projective measurements

Experimental reconstruction of time-bin-entangled qutrit sta...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Samantha J. Nowierski Neal N. Oza Prem Kumar Gregory S. Kanter Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Center for Photonic Communication and Computing Evanston IL USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

We generate and reconstruct two-photon, 100-ps-separated time-bin-entangled qutrit states. By pairwise mapping time bins onto orthogonal polarizations, we perform a tomography and demonstrate high fidelity to maximall... 详细信息

关键词： Photonics Quantum entanglement Optical switches Optical polarization Optical pumping Optical pulses

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Near-field surface plasmons on quasicrystal metasurfaces

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Scientific Reports 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Yang, Quanlong Zhang, Xueqian Li, Shaoxian Xu, Quan Singh, Ranjan Liu, Yongmin Li, Yanfeng Kruk, Sergey S. Gu, Jianqiang Han, Jiaguang Zhang, Weili College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Tianjin 300072 China Cooperative Innovation Center of Terahertz Science Chengdu 610054 China Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Division of Physics and Applied Physics Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern University Boston 02115 MA United States Nonlinear Physics Center Center for Ultrahigh Bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems Research School of Physics and Engineering Canberra 2601 ACT Australia School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater 74078 OK United States

Excitation and manipulation of surface plasmons (SPs) are essential in developing cutting-edge plasmonic devices for medical diagnostics, biochemical spectroscopy and communications. The most common approach involves designing an array of periodic slits or grating apertures that enables coupling of the incident light to the SP modes. In recent years, plasmonic resonances, including extraordinary optical transmission through periodic arrays, quasicrystals and random aperture arrays, have been investigated in the free space. However, most of the studies have been limited to the far field detection of the transmission resonance. Here, we perform near-field measurements of the SPs on quasicrystal metasurfaces. We discover that the reciprocal vector determines the propagation modes of the SPs in the quasicrystal lattice which can be well explained by the quasi-momentum conservation rule. Our findings demonstrate vast potential in developing plasmonic metasurfaces with unique device functionalities that are controlled by the propagation modes of the SPs in quasicrystals. © 2016 The Author(s).

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