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Cybernetics and Innovations (ICCI), International Conference on

作者： Thidarat Pinthong Mahasak Ketcham Thittaporn Ganokratanaa Patiyuth Pramkeaw Narumol Chumuang Department. of Business Information Management Phetchaburi Rajabhat University Phetchaburi Thailand Department of Information Technology Management King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Applied Computer Science Program King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Media Technology Program King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Department of Digital Media Technology Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University Ratchaburi Thailand

This paper presents an approach for color detection and segmentation based on Image Processing Process to retrieve candidate regions of GHS Sign. For color classification, where the dimension of each vector can be extended by a group of neighboring pixels. The experimental results are highly accurate and robust for our testing database, where samples are recorded on various states of environment. But in the meantime, it was found that the error processing. It is an image that looks asymmetrical image. It is impossible to detect the symbol GHS.

关键词： Image segmentation Technological innovation Image resolution Image color analysis Shape Symbols Transportation

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Nonlocal Temporal Interferometry for Highly Resilient Free-Space Quantum Communication

引用

Physical Review X 2023年第2期13卷 021001-021001页

作者： Lukas Bulla Matej Pivoluska Kristian Hjorth Oskar Kohout Jan Lang Sebastian Ecker Sebastian P. Neumann Julius Bittermann Robert Kindler Marcus Huber Martin Bohmann Rupert Ursin Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI) Austrian Academy of Sciences Boltzmanngasse 3 1090 Vienna Austria Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ) Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 1090 Vienna Austria Institute of Computer Science Masaryk University 602 00 Brno Czech Republic Institute of Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences 845 11 Bratislava Slovakia Department of Physics Faculty of Natural Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) NO-7491 Trondheim Norway Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering IOF Albert-Einstein-Strasse 7 07745 Jena Germany Friedrich-Schiller-Universitt Jena FSU Frstengraben 1 07743 Jena Germany Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ) Atominstitut Technische Universität Wien Stadionallee 2 1020 Vienna Austria

Entanglement distribution via photons over long distances enables many applications, including quantum key distribution, which provides unprecedented privacy. The inevitable degradation of entanglement through noise accumulated over long distances remains one of the key challenges in this area. Exploiting the potential of higher-dimensional entangled photons promises to address this challenge, but poses extreme demands on the experimental implementation. Here, we present a long-range free-space quantum link, distributing entanglement over 10.2 km with flexible dimensionality of encoding by deploying a phase-stable nonlocal Franson interferometer. With this distribution of multidimensional energy-time entangled photons, we analyze the achievable key rate in a dimensionally adaptive quantum key distribution protocol that can be optimized with respect to any environmental noise conditions. Our approach enables and emphasizes the power of high-dimensional entanglement for quantum communication, yielding a positive asymptotic key rate well into the dawn of the day.

关键词： Quantum channels Quantum communication Quantum cryptography Quantum entanglement Quantum information theory Quantum networks

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Interfacial spintronic THz emission

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Agarwal, Piyush Medwal, Rohit Dongol, Keynesh Mohan, John Rex Yang, Yingshu Asada, Hironori Fukuma, Yasuhiro Singh, Ranjan Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore637371 Singapore Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies The Photonics Institute Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Kanpur208016 India Department of Electronic Devices and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University Ube755-8611 Japan Department of Physics and Information Technology Faculty of Computer Science and System Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Iizuka820-8502 Japan

The broken inversion symmetry at the ferromagnet (FM)/heavy-metal (HM) interface leads to spin-dependent degeneracy of the energy band, forming spin-polarized surface states. As a result, the interface serves as an effective medium for converting spin accumulation into two-dimensional charge current through the inverse Rashba-Edelstein effect. Exploring and assessing this spin-to-charge conversion (SCC) phenomenon at the FM/HM interface could offer a promising avenue to surpass the presumed limits of SCC in bulk HM layers. We utilize spintronic heterostructures as a platform to measure the spin-to-charge conversion (SCC) experienced by photoexcited spin currents. These heterostructures emit terahertz electric field when illuminated by femtosecond laser pulses, enabling us to quantitatively assess the ultrafast SCC process. Our results demonstrate a robust interfacial spin-to-charge conversion (iSCC) within a synthetic antiferromagnetic heterostructure, specifically for the NiFe/Ru/NiFe configuration, by isolating the SCC contribution originating from the interface itself, separate from the bulk heavy-metal (HM) region. Moreover, the iSCC at the NiFe/Ru interface is discovered to be approximately 27% of the strength observed in the highest spin-Hall conducting heavy-metal, Pt. Our results thus highlight the significance of interfacial engineering as a promising pathway for achieving efficient ultrafast spintronic devices. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric fields

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Oracle problems as communication tasks and optimization of quantum algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Te’eni, Amit Schwartzman-Nowik, Zohar Nowakowski, Marcin Horodecki, Pawel Cohen, Eliahu Faculty of Engineering The Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar Ilan University Ramat Gan Israel Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics Gdansk University of Technology Gdansk80-952 Poland National Quantum Information Center Gdansk80-309 Poland ObserveQ Gdansk80-890 Poland

Quantum query complexity mainly studies the number of queries needed to learn some property of a black box with high probability. A closely related question is how well an algorithm can succeed with this learning task using only a fixed number of queries. In this work, we propose measuring an algorithm’s performance using the mutual information between the output and the actual value. A key observation is that if an algorithm is only allowed to make a single query and the goal is to optimize this mutual information, then we obtain a task which is similar to a basic task of quantum communication, where one attempts to maximize the mutual information of the sender and receiver. We make this analogy precise by formally considering the oracle as a separate subsystem, whose state records the unknown oracle identity. The oracle query prepares a state, which is then measured;and the target property of the oracle plays the role of a message that should be deduced from the measurement outcome. Thus we obtain a link between the optimal single-query algorithm and minimization of the extent of quantum correlations between the oracle and the computer subsystems. We also find a lower bound on this mutual information, which is related to quantum coherence. These results extend to multiple-query non-adaptive algorithms. As a result, we gain insight into the task of finding the optimal non-adaptive algorithm that uses at most a fixed number of queries, for any oracle problem. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum communication

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A Brief Review of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Sadeghi, Zahra Alizadehsani, Roohallah Cifci, Mehmet Akif Kausar, Samina Rehman, Rizwan Mahanta, Priyakshi Bora, Pranjal Kumar Almasri, Ammar Alkhawaldeh, Rami S. Hussain, Sadiq Alatas, Bilal Shoeibi, Afshin Moosaei, Hossein Hladík, Milan Nahavandi, Saeid Pardalo, Panos M. Institute for Big Data Analytics Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University Canada Deakin University Geelong Australia The Institute of Computer Technology Tu Wien University Vienna1040 Austria University of Kotli Azad Jammu and Kashmir Azad Kashmir Kotli Pakistan Centre for Computer Science and Applications Dibrugarh University Assam India Department of Management Information Sys Al-Balqa Applied University Salt19117 Jordan Department of Computer Information Systems The University of Jordan Aqaba77110 Jordan Examination Branch Dibrugarh University Assam Dibrugarh India Department of Software Eng. Firat University Elazig23100 Turkey Data Science and Computational Intelligence Institute University of Granada Spain Department of Informatics Faculty of Science Jan Evangelista Purkyně University in Ústí nad Labem Czech Republic Department of Applied Mathematics School of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles University Prague Czech Republic Harvard Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University AllstonMA02134 United States Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Center for Applied Optimization Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida Gainesville32611 United States

XAI refers to the techniques and methods for building AI applications which assist end users to interpret output and predictions of AI models. Black box AI applications in high-stakes decision-making situations, such as medical domain have increased the demand for transparency and explainability since wrong predictions may have severe consequences. Model explainability and interpretability are vital successful deployment of AI models in healthcare practices. AI applications' underlying reasoning needs to be transparent to clinicians in order to gain their trust. This paper presents a systematic review of XAI aspects and challenges in the healthcare domain. The primary goals of this study are to review various XAI methods, their challenges, and related machine learning models in healthcare. The methods are discussed under six categories: Features-oriented methods, global methods, concept models, surrogate models, local pixel-based methods, and human-centric methods. Most importantly, the paper explores XAI role in healthcare problems to clarify its necessity in safety-critical applications. The paper intends to establish a comprehensive understanding of XAI-related applications in the healthcare field by reviewing the related experimental results. To facilitate future research for filling research gaps, the importance of XAI models from different viewpoints and their limitations are investigated. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Decision making

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Quantum-Inspired Acceleration for Image Reconstruction on Ising Machines

Quantum-Inspired Acceleration for Image Reconstruction on Is...

引用

Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Yen-Jui Chang Hao-Yuan Chen Ying Chang Lu Lien-Po Yu Chao-Ming Fu Ching-Ray Chang Master Program in Intelligent Computing and Big Data Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Fujitsu Taiwan Ltd. Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science University of London London United Kingdom Institute for Information Industry Taipei Taiwan Fo Guang University Yilan Taiwan Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan City Taiwan

The study investigates a quantum-inspired approach to image reconstruction using Ising machines and demonstrates its significant improvements over the contrastive divergence method in Restricted Boltzmann Machines tra... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798331541378

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541385

关键词： Training Quantum computing Image reconstruction

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Evaluating the Effect of Volatile Federated Timeseries on Modern DNNs: Attention over Long/Short Memory

Evaluating the Effect of Volatile Federated Timeseries on Mo...

引用

International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)

作者： Ilias Siniosoglou Konstantinos Xouveroudis Vasileios Argyriou Thomas Lagkas Sotirios K. Goudos Konstantinos E. Psannis Panagiotis Sarigiannidis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani Greece R&D Department MetaMind Innovations P.C. Kozani Greece Department of Networks and Digital Media Kingston University Kingston Upon Thames United Kingdom Department of Computer Science International Hellenic University Greece Physics Department Aritostle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Applied Informatics School of Information Sciences University of Macedonia Thessaloniki Greece

In regards to the field of trend forecasting in time series, many popular Deep Learning (DL) methods such as Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) models have been the gold standard for a long time. However, depending on the domain and application, it has been shown that a new approach can be implemented and possibly be more beneficial, the Transformer deep neural networks. Moreover, one can incorporate Federated Learning (FL) in order to further enhance the prospective utility of the models, enabling multiple data providers to jointly train on a common model, while maintaining the privacy of their data. In this paper, we use an experimental Federated Learning System that employs both Transformer and LSTM models on a variety of datasets. The sytem receives data from multiple clients and uses federation to create an optimized global model. The potential of Federated Learning in real-time forecasting is explored by comparing the federated approach with conventional local training. Furthermore, a comparison is made between the performance of the Transformer and its equivalent LSTM in order to determine which one is more effective in each given domain, which shows that the Transformer model can produce better results, especially when optimised by the FL process.

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Ferroelectric transistors based on shear-transformation-mediated rhombohedral-stacked molybdenum disulfide

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Nature Electronics 2024年第1期7卷 29-38页

作者： Yang, Tilo H. Liang, Bor-Wei Hu, Hsiang-Chi Chen, Fu-Xiang Ho, Sheng-Zhu Chang, Wen-Hao Yang, Liu Lo, Han-Chieh Kuo, Tzu-Hao Chen, Jyun-Hong Lin, Po-Yen Simbulan, Kristan Bryan Luo, Zhao-Feng Chang, Alice Chinghsuan Kuo, Yi-Hao Ku, Yu-Seng Chen, Yi-Cheng Huang, You-Jia Chang, Yu-Chen Chiang, Yu-Fan Lu, Ting-Hua Lee, Min-Hung Li, Kai-Shin Wu, Menghao Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Chun-Liang Lan, Yann-Wen Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute National Applied Research Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Santo Tomas Manila Philippines Program for Semiconductor Devices Materials and Hetero-integration Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

To develop low-power, non-volatile computing-in-memory device using ferroelectric transistor technologies, ferroelectric channel materials with scaled thicknesses are required. Two-dimensional semiconductors, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), equipped with sliding ferroelectricity could provide an answer. However, achieving switchable electric polarization in epitaxial MoS2 remains challenging due to the absence of mobile domain boundaries. Here we show that polarity-switchable epitaxial rhombohedral-stacked (3R) MoS2 can be used as a ferroelectric channel in ferroelectric memory transistors. We show that a shear transformation can spontaneously occur in 3R MoS2 epilayers, producing heterostructures with stable ferroelectric domains embedded in a highly dislocated and unstable non-ferroelectric matrix. This diffusionless phase transformation process produces mobile screw dislocations that enable collective polarity control of 3R MoS2 via an electric field. Polarization–electric-field measurements reveal a switching field of 0.036 V nm−1 for shear-transformed 3R MoS2. Our sliding ferroelectric transistors are non-volatile memory units with thicknesses of only two atomic layers and exhibit an average memory window of 7 V with an applied voltage of 10 V, retention times greater than 104 seconds and endurance greater than 104 cycles. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

关键词： Molybdenum disulfide

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Phase transition in magic with random quantum circuits

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Niroula, Pradeep White, Christopher David Wang, Qingfeng Johri, Sonika Zhu, Daiwei Monroe, Christopher Noel, Crystal Gullans, Michael J. Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland and NIST College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland and NIST College ParkMD20742 United States Chemical Physics Program Institute for Physical Science and Technology University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States IonQ Inc. College ParkMD20740 United States Duke Quantum Center Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Department of Physics Duke University DurhamNC27701 United States

Magic is a property of quantum states that enables universal fault-tolerant quantum computing using simple sets of gate operations. Understanding the mechanisms by which magic is created or destroyed is, therefore, a crucial step towards efficient and practical fault-tolerant computation. We observe that a random stabilizer code subject to coherent errors exhibits a phase transition in magic, which we characterize through analytic, numeric and experimental probes. Below a critical error rate, stabilizer syndrome measurements remove the accumulated magic in the circuit, effectively protecting against coherent errors;above the critical error rate syndrome measurements concentrate magic. A better understanding of such rich behavior in the resource theory of magic could shed more light on origins of quantum speedup and pave pathways for more efficient magic state generation. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Random errors

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Work fluctuations due to partial thermalizations in two-level systems

引用

Physical Review E 2021年第4期103卷 042141-042141页

作者： Maria Quadeer Kamil Korzekwa Marco Tomamichel Centre for Quantum Software and Information School of Computer Science University of Technology Sydney Ultimo NSW 2007 Australia Faculty of Physics Astronomy and Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University 30-348 Kraków Poland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering & Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Singapore 119077

We study work extraction processes mediated by finite-time interactions with an ambient bath—partial thermalizations—as continuous-time Markov processes for two-level systems. Such a stochastic process results in fluctuations in the amount of work that can be extracted and is characterized by the rate at which the system parameters are driven in addition to the rate of thermalization with the bath. We analyze the distribution of work for the case in which the energy gap of a two-level system is driven at a constant rate. We derive analytic expressions for average work and a lower bound for the variance of work showing that such processes cannot be fluctuation-free in general. We also observe that an upper bound for the Monte Carlo estimate of the variance of work can be obtained using Jarzynski's fluctuation-dissipation relation for systems initially in equilibrium. Finally, we analyze work extraction cycles by modifying the Carnot cycle, incorporating processes involving partial thermalizations, and we obtain efficiency at maximum power for such finite-time work extraction cycles under different sets of constraints.

关键词： Fluctuation theorems Irreversible processes Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics

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