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Experimental modeling of Alzheimer's disease: Translational lessons from cross-taxon analyses

Alzheimer's and Dementia 2025年第5期21卷 e70273页

作者： Yenkoyan, Konstantin B. Kotova, Maria M. Apukhtin, Kirill V. Galstyan, David S. Amstislavskaya, Tamara G. Strekalova, Tatyana de Abreu, Murilo S. Chavushyan, Vergine A. Lim, Lee Wei Yang, Longen Rosemberg, Denis D. Kalueff, Allan V. Neuroscience Laboratory COBRAIN Center Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi Yerevan Armenia Neuroscience Program Sirius University of Science and Technology Sochi Russian Federation Institute of Translational Biomedicine St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg Russian Federation Institute of Experimental Medicine Almazov National Medical Research Centre Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation St. Petersburg Russian Federation Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine Novosibirsk Russian Federation Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology Moscow Russian Federation Graduate Program in Health Sciences Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Biosciences and Bioinformatics School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Suzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Neurobiology and Cell Signaling School of Science Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Laboratory of Experimental Neuropsychobiology Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Natural and Exact Sciences Center Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry Federal University of Santa Maria Santa Maria Brazil The International Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC) Slidell LA United States

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, poorly understood causes, and no efficient treatments. Experimental models are valuable for studying AD pathogenesis, including amyloid beta and tau accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. While no model fully reproduces the disease, we take an evolutionary biology approach to discuss available models across taxa, from mammals (rodents, primates) to zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans. Evaluating their strengths and limitations provides insight into disease mechanisms and may refine research strategies for improved diagnostics and therapeutic screening. Traditional models have significantly contributed to AD research, yet their translational limitations highlight the need for physiologically relevant alternatives. Integrating humanized rodent models, zebrafish, organoids, and induced pluripotent stem cell–based systems—along with advances in bioengineering and genetic editing—may offer a more comprehensive framework to bridge the gap between preclinical research and clinical application. Highlights: Experimental models across rodents, primates, zebrafish, fruit flies, and worms provide key insights into Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cross-taxon comparisons assess strengths and weaknesses in AD models. Evolutionary biology approaches refine experimental strategies for AD research. Diverse animal models improve understanding of AD pathogenesis. Cross-species models enhance diagnostics and therapeutic strategy development. © 2025 The Author(s). Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease animal models cross-taxon analyses evolutionary psychiatry translation medicine

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Intrinsic synaptic plasticity of ferroelectric field effect transistors for online learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Saha, Arnob Nafiul Islam, A.N.M. Zhao, Zijian Deng, Shan Ni, Kai Sengupta, Abhronil School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Microsystems Engineering Ph.D. program Rochester Institute of Technology RochesterNY14623 United States

Nanoelectronic devices emulating neuro-synaptic functionalities through their intrinsic physics at low operating energies is imperative toward the realization of brain-like neuromorphic computers. In this work, we leverage the non-linear voltage dependent partial polarization switching of a ferroelectric field effect transistor to mimic plasticity characteristics of biological synapses. We provide experimental measurements of the synaptic characteristics for a 28nm high-k metal gate technology based device and develop an experimentally calibrated device model for large-scale system performance prediction. Decoupled read-write paths, ultra-low programming energies and the possibility of arranging such devices in a cross-point architecture demonstrate the synaptic efficacy of the device. Our hardware-algorithm co-design analysis reveals that the intrinsic plasticity of the ferroelectric devices has potential to enable unsupervised local learning in edge devices with limited training data. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： E-learning

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Analyzing Diversity in Healthcare LLM Research: A Scientometric Perspective

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Restrepo, David Wu, Chenwei Vásquez-Venegas, Constanza Matos, João Gallifant, Jack Celi, Leo Anthony Bitterman, Danielle S. Nakayama, Luis Filipe Laboratory for Computational Physiology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Departamento de Telematica Universidad del Cauca Cauca Popayán Colombia Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Scientific Image Analysis Lab Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Chile RM Santiago Chile Department of Computer Science Faculty of Engineering Universidad de Concepción Biobio Concepción Chile Department of Biostatistics Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health BostonMA United States Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMA United States Artificial Intelligence in Medicine Program Mass General Brigham Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Ophthalmology São Paulo Federal University São Paulo São Paulo Brazil

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare has demonstrated substantial potential for enhancing clinical decision-making, administrative efficiency, and patient outcomes. However, the underrepresentation of diverse groups in the development and application of these models can perpetuate biases, leading to inequitable healthcare delivery. This paper presents a comprehensive scientometric analysis of LLM research for healthcare, including data from January 1, 2021, to July 1, 2024. By analyzing metadata from PubMed and Dimensions, including author affiliations, countries, and funding sources, we assess the diversity of contributors to LLM research. Our findings highlight significant gender and geographic disparities, with a predominance of male authors and contributions primarily from high-income countries (HICs). We introduce a novel journal diversity index based on Gini diversity to measure the inclusiveness of scientific publications. Our results underscore the necessity for greater representation in order to ensure the equitable application of LLMs in healthcare. We propose actionable strategies to enhance diversity and inclusivity in artificial intelligence research, with the ultimate goal of fostering a more inclusive and equitable future in healthcare innovation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Decision making

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Enriching and Characterizing T-Cell Repertoires from 3' Barcoded Single-Cell Whole Transcriptome Amplification Products

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Jivanjee, Tasneem Ibrahim, Samira Nyquist, Sarah K. James Gatter, G. Bromley, Joshua D. Jaiswal, Swati Berger, Bonnie Behar, Samuel M. Christopher Love, J. Shalek, Alex K. Institute for Medical Engineering & Science Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Ragon Institute of MGH MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Program in Computational and Systems Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Microbiology Graduate Program Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems University of Massachusetts Medical School WorcesterMA United States Department of Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

Antigen-specific T cells play an essential role in immunoregulation and many diseases such as cancer. Characterizing the T cell receptor (TCR) sequences that encode T cell specificity is critical for elucidating the antigenic determinants of immunological diseases and designing therapeutic remedies. However, methods of obtaining single-cell TCR sequencing data are labor and cost intensive, typically requiring both cell sorting and full length single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). New high-throughput 3' cell-barcoding scRNA-seq methods can simplify and scale this process;however, they do not routinely capture TCR sequences during library preparation and sequencing. While 5' cell-barcoding scRNA-seq methods can be used to examine TCR repertoire at single-cell resolution, doing so requires specialized reagents which cannot be applied to samples previously processed using 3' cell-barcoding methods. Here, we outline a method for sequencing TCRα and TCRβ transcripts from samples already processed using 3' cell-barcoding scRNA-seq platforms, ensuring TCR recovery at a single-cell resolution. In short, a fraction of the 3' barcoded whole transcriptome amplification (WTA) product typically used to generate a massively parallel 3' scRNA-seq library is enriched for TCR transcripts using biotinylated probes, and further amplified using the same universal primer sequence from WTA. Primer extension using TCR V-region primers and targeted PCR amplification using a second universal primer results in a 3' barcoded single-cell CDR3-enriched library that can be sequenced with custom sequencing primers. Coupled with 3' scRNA-seq of the same WTA, this method enables simultaneous analysis of single-cell transcriptomes and TCR sequences which can help interpret inherent heterogeneity among antigen-specific T cells and salient disease biology. The method presented here can also be adapted readily to enrich and sequence other transcripts of interest from both 3' and 5' barcoded scRNA-seq

关键词： RNA

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Verification of performance of Multi-Parental Real-Valued Crossover in Interactive Genetic Algorithm

Verification of performance of Multi-Parental Real-Valued Cr...

引用

International Symposium on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS)

作者： Yusuke Yabuzaki Yoshiko Hanada Makoto Fukumoto Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kansai University Osaka Japan Faculty of Engineering Science Kansai University Osaka Japan Computer Science and Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728197326

ISBN: (纸本)9781728197333

In interactive evolutionary computation, it is important to reduce user fatigue and to enhance the search performance in a few generations, since fatigue has an impact on users' evaluation process. These issues also have been found in in interactive genetic algorithm (IGA). In this study, we adopt multi-parental unimodal normal distribution crossover (UNDX- m) to solve these problems in IGA. UNDX- m generates many offspring with considering the distribution of selected parents. The next population can be generated by applying UNDX- m once with more than two parent solutions. Through this mechanism, the evaluation process becomes simple manner where users only select their preferable solutions. In addition, UNDX- m can generate offspring that inherit their parents' traits, which enhance the search quality. In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of UNDX- m through the numerical experiment, by using a color combination problem in Web design.

关键词： Color Fatigue Gaussian distribution Statistics Standards Sociology Genetic algorithms

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Nesting-structured nuclear norm minimization for spatially correlated matrix variate

引用

Pattern Recognition 2019年 91卷 147-161页

作者： Luo, Lei Yang, Jian Zhang, Yigong Xu, Yong Huang, Heng School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China Bio-Computing Research Center Shenzhen Graduate School Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States

Integrating the structure prior in modeling has achieved considerable attention in pattern recognition and computer vision. Most current state-of-the-art methods (such as low rank representation and structured sparsity) search for a structured metric to fit the structure of the estimated variate, which either bear high time complexity (e.g., compute singular value decomposition for large-scale matrices), or cannot effectively exploit structure information of a matrix variate. In this work, we introduce a nesting-structured nuclear norm to characterize the matrix variate with structure prior and provide a unified framework for solving nesting-structured nuclear norm minimization (NSNM) problem by resorting to an improved sub-gradient method. This not only takes local and global structures of the matrix variate into joint consideration, but also enjoys the lower time complexity than traditional nuclear norm minimization. The revealed statistical meaning explains the rationality of the proposed method. Moreover, we apply NSNM to matrix regression and completion problems, respectively. The extensive experiments for face recognition and large-scale matrix completion clearly demonstrate the superiority of NSNM over some existing methods. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Low rank Matrix completion Matrix regression Nesting-structured nuclear norm Structured sparsity Sub-gradient method

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Manganese-doped oleic acid functionalized whitlockite/polycaprolactone nanocomposite scaffolds enhance bone regeneration through improved dispersibility and antioxidative capacity

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Chemical Engineering Journal 2025年 518卷

作者： Liu, Xiaofan Liu, Yang Wang, Peiyu Tian, Ye Zhao, Yuping Wang, Yuxuan Zheng, Wenqian Wang, Yi Shi, Yaru Xie, Yi Zhou, Na González, Fermín E. Sun, Hongchen Zhou, Ding Xu, Xiaowei Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 China Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston 60208 IL United States School of Pharmacy State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines and Laboratory of Drug Discovery from Natural Resources and Industrialization Macau University of Science and Technology Macau 999078 China Laboratory of Experimental Immunology & Cancer Faculty of Dentistry University of Chile Santiago 8380492 Chile

Bone defects present significant clinical challenges due to the complexities of healing. While polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds offer promising mechanical support for bone tissue engineering, their limited bioactivity and dispersibility issues with bioactive fillers restrict their effectiveness. Here, we develop manganese-doped oleic acid-functionalized whitlockite (Mn-OAWH) nanoparticles designed to enhance both the mechanical and biological properties of PCL scaffolds. The nanoparticles were synthesized via a hydrothermal approach using oleic acid as both solvent and surface ligand, enabling superior dispersibility in dichloromethane and uniform integration with PCL. Characterization of the resulting 3D printed Mn-OAWH/PCL composite scaffolds confirmed enhanced compressive strength, supported by both mechanical testing and finite element analysis. In vitro studies demonstrated that the release of Mn²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Ca²⁺ ions significantly promoted osteogenic proliferation, exhibited strong antioxidative properties, and accelerated osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, in vivo implantation in a rat critical-sized cranial defect model revealed significantly improved bone formation compared to undoped and PCL-only controls. These findings establish Mn-OAWH/PCL composite scaffolds as a promising platform for bone tissue engineering, offering both enhanced mechanical support and biological functionality through improved nanoparticle dispersibility, strong antioxidative properties and osteogenic activity. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Bone regeneration Homogeneous nanocomposite scaffold Manganese doping Oleic acid-functionalized whitlockite nanoparticles Oxidative stress alleviation

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Structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of a GdAsSe single crystal: Experimental and theoretical studies

引用

Physical Review B 2024年第18期109卷 184420-184420页

作者： R. Kalaivanan Balaji Venkatesan B. Dundi Sri Chandana Rajesh Kumar Ulaganathan G. Senthil Murugan K. Moovendaran Joydev Khatua Li-Hsin Su W. Zhou Xiaofeng Xu Chia-Seng Chang Tien-Ming Chuang Yoshiyuki Iizuka I. Panneer Muthuselvam Horng-Tay Jeng Kwang-Yong Choi Raman Sankar Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Physics School of Basic and Applied Sciences Central University of Tamil Nadu Neelakudi Thiruvarur 610005 Tamil Nadu India Department of Physics Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Electro Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan School of Electronic and Information Engineering Changshu Institute of Technology Changshu 215500 China Department of Applied Physics Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310023 China Institute of Earth Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Physics (MMV) Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 Uttar Pradesh India Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei 10617 Taiwan

We report high-quality single-crystal growth, x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility [χ(T,H)], magnetization [M(H)], heat capacity [CP(T,H)], electrical resistivity [ρ(T,H)], and electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements of GdAsSe as functions of temperature and magnetic field. We identify an antiferromagnetic phase transition at TN∼11.9±0.2 K and construct magnetic phase diagrams for H||ab and H||c axes based on the χ(T,H) and CP(T,H) data. Isothermal M(H) curves along the H||ab direction at 3 K exhibit a field-induced spin orientation at HC∼3.78T. Both M(H) and χ(T,H) indicate an easy-plane-type anisotropy. The Curie-Weiss analysis of the high-temperature paramagnetic χ(T) yields a negative Weiss temperature, suggesting dominant antiferromagnetic interactions between the Gd ions. Magnetic entropy reaches 83% of R ln8 at TN. The presence of residual entropy above TN and the persistence of ESR critical broadening up to ∼3TN alludes to a degree of magnetic frustration in the studied material. The ρ(T) data above TN is well fitted to the Bloch-Grüneisen theory for metals. Further, density functional theory calculations reveal an antiferromagnetic ground state where the Gd atoms are coupled ferromagnetically in the ab plane and antiferromagnetically along the c axis.

关键词： Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic coupling Magnetic interactions Magnetic order Magnetism

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A sustainable and green approach towards the utilization of biopolymers for effective wound dressing applications: A detailed review

引用

Nano-Structures and Nano-Objects 2024年 37卷

作者： Verma, Deepak Okhawilai, Manunya Nangan, Senthilkumar Thakur, Vijay Kumar Gopi, Sreeraj Kuppusamy, Kanagaraj Sharma, Mohit Uyama, Hiroshi International Graduate Program of Nanoscience and Technology Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Center of Excellence in Polymeric Materials for Medical Practice Devices Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok 10330 Thailand Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Centre SRUC Kings Buildings West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JG United Kingdom Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali 140413 India Gdansk University of Technology Faculty of Chemistry Polymer Technology Department Gdansk Poland Molecule Food solutions Pvt Ltd Prestiga Atlanda Karnataka Bengaluru 560034 India Center for Supramolecular Chemistry & Catalysis and Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shang-Da Road Shanghai 200444 China Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A⁎STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Osaka 565-0871 Japan

Millions of people worldwide are suffering and struggling to obtain the most effective wound care/treatment. In previous years, a steep rise in metabolic disorders such as diabetic wound ulcers has been noticed. The primary function of an effective wound dressing is to protect the wound bed from contamination and provide an accelerated healing environment. Biopolymers, a natural boon, can be used for distinct applications from food packaging, biomedicine, and biomedical applications. Natural and synthetic biopolymers have distinct advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and environmental friendliness. Cellulose, chitosan, alginates, hyaluronic acid, collagen, etc., are natural biopolymers primarily used to develop wound dressings. Most common synthetic biopolymers such as PVA, PCL, and PLA are examples of how an individual biopolymer or its blends can be used to develop an effective wound dressing. Biopolymer properties for wound dressing applications can be improved by applying the concepts of nanotechnology, bioengineering, and drug delivery. These improvements may help meet the current and future wound care demands for tissue repair and restoration. The current review focuses on using natural and synthetic functionalized biopolymers for effective wound-dressing applications and exhibiting their antibacterial and antimicrobial properties. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Biopolymer functionalization Drug delivery Natural and synthetic Biopolymers Wound dressings Wounds

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Distributed Intelligence Empowered Data Aggregation and Distribution for Multi-robot Cooperative Communication

Distributed Intelligence Empowered Data Aggregation and Dist...

引用

IEEE Conference on computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM Wksps

作者： Li Ding Biao Han Xiaoyan Wang Peng Li Baosheng Wang School of Computer National University of Defense Technology Changsha China Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan School of Computer University of Aizu Fukushima Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728186955

ISBN: (纸本)9781728186962

In multi-robot cooperative communication, the principal operations of distributed intelligence is to collect and distribute data on a specific node. However, most data link layer protocols support single-hop communications. Adding a network layer routing protocol can perform multi-hop communication but will generate invalid routes and extra costs. In this paper, we present a data link layer ad hoc protocol for multi-robot cooperative communication, called Robot Cluster Wireless Link(RCWL). RCWL can be deployed on the Linux-kernel system based embedded devices. It allows the central node, which is called the master node, to aggregate data from slave nodes for performance prediction and decision optimization. Besides, it ensures the data distribution capability of the master node. Furthermore, the protocol supports multi-hop data transmission and is self-adaptive to the changes in the network topology.

关键词： Synchronization Protocols Robot kinematics Peer-to-peer computing IEEE 802.11 Standard Voting

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