检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Finding shortest and nearly shortest path nodes in large substantially incomplete networks

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2022年

作者： Kitsak, Maksim Ganin, Alexander Elmokashfi, Ahmed Cui, Hongzhu Eisenberg, Daniel A. Alderson, David L. Korkin, Dmitry Linkov, Igor Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Network Science Institute Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Systems and Information Engineering University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Contractor Concord MA01742 United States Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering Oslo Norway Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA01609 United States Institute for Genomic Medicine Columbia University Medical Center New YorkNY United States Operations Research Department Naval Postgraduate School MontereyCA93943 United States Data Science Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA01609 United States Computer Science Department Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA01609 United States U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center Environmental Laboratory Concord MA01742 United States

Dynamic processes on networks, be it information transfer in the Internet, contagious spreading in a social network, or neural signaling, take place along shortest or nearly shortest paths. Unfortunately, our maps of most large networks are substantially incomplete due to either the highly dynamic nature of networks, or high cost of network measurements, or both, rendering traditional path finding methods inefficient. We find that shortest paths in large real networks, such as the network of protein-protein interactions (PPI) and the Internet at the autonomous system (AS) level, are not random but are organized according to latent-geometric rules. If nodes of these networks are mapped to points in latent hyperbolic spaces, shortest paths in them align along geodesic curves connecting endpoint nodes. We find that this alignment is sufficiently strong to allow for the identification of shortest path nodes even in the case of substantially incomplete networks. We demonstrate the utility of latent-geometric path finding in problems of cellular pathway reconstruction and communication security. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Proteins

A query-based quantum eigensolver

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Quantum Engineering

Quantum Engineering 2020年第3期2卷

作者： Jin, Shan Wu, Shaojun Zhou, Guanyu Li, Ying Li, Lvzhou Li, Bo Wang, Xiaoting Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing China School of Data and Computer Science Institute of Computer Science Theory Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong China Key Laboratory of Mathematics Mechanization Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Solving eigenvalue problems is crucially important for both classical and quantum applications. Many well-known numerical eigensolvers have been developed, including the QR and the power methods for classical computers, as well as the quantum phase estimation (QPE) method and the variational quantum eigensolver for quantum computers. In this work, we present a different type of quantum method that uses fixed-point quantum search to solve Type II eigenvalue problems. This method serves as an important complement to the QPE method, which is a Type I eigensolver. We show that the quantum oracle of our query-based method can be efficiently constructed from the QPE gate, which is crucial for analyzing the total gate complexity of our method. In addition, compared with the QPE method, our query-based method achieves a quadratic speedup in solving Type II problems. As two applications, we then discuss how to apply our method to solve Type II eigenvalue problems for the Heisenberg model and the hydrogen molecule. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

关键词： Quantum computers

Observation of the dual quantum spin Hall insulator by density-tuned correlations in a van der Waals monolayer

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2024年

作者： Tang, Jian Ding, Thomas Siyuan Chen, Hongyu Gao, Anyuan Qian, Tiema Huang, Zumeng Sun, Zhe Han, Xin Strasser, Alex Li, Jiangxu Geiwitz, Michael Shehabeldin, Mohamed Belosevich, Vsevolod Wang, Zihan Wang, Yiping Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Bell, David C. Wang, Ziqiang Fu, Liang Zhang, Yang Qian, Xiaofeng Burch, Kenneth S. Shi, Youguo Ni, Ni Chang, Guoqing Xu, Su-Yang Ma, Qiong Department of Physics Boston College Chestnut HillMA United States Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences The Center for Nanoscale system Harvard University CambridgeMA United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States CIFAR Azrieli Global Scholars program CIFAR Toronto Canada

The convergence of topology and correlations represents a highly coveted realm in the pursuit of novel quantum states of matter [1, 2]. Introducing electron correlations to a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator can lead to the emergence of a fractional topological insulator and other exotic time-reversal-symmetric topological order [3- 10], not possible in quantum Hall and Chern insulator systems. However, the QSH insulator with quantized edge conductance remains rare, let alone that with significant correlations. In this work, we report a novel dual QSH insulator within the intrinsic monolayer crystal of TaIrTe4, arising from the interplay of its single-particle topology and density-tuned electron correlations. At charge neutrality, monolayer TaIrTe4 demonstrates the QSH insulator that aligns with single-particle band structure calculations, manifesting enhanced nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conductance. Interestingly, upon introducing electrons from charge neutrality, TaIrTe4 only shows metallic behavior in a small range of charge densities but quickly goes into a new insulating state, entirely unexpected based on TaIrTe4's single-particle band structure. This insulating state could arise from a strong electronic instability near the van Hove singularities (VHS), likely leading to a charge density wave (CDW). Remarkably, within this correlated insulating gap, we observe a resurgence of the QSH state, marked by the revival of nonlocal transport and quantized helical edge conduction. Our observation of helical edge conduction in a CDW gap could bridge spin physics and charge orders. The discovery of a dual QSH insulator introduces a new method for creating topological flat minibands via CDW superlattices, which offer a promising platform for exploring time-reversal-symmetric fractional phases and electromagnetism [3-5, 11, 12]. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Charge density waves

Overcoming entropic limitations on asymptotic state transformations through probabilistic protocols

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2022年

作者： Regula, Bartosz Lami, Ludovico Wilde, Mark M. Department of Physics Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institut für Theoretische Physik und IQST Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 UlmD-89069 Germany School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Hearne Institute for Theoretical Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Center for Computation and Technology Louisiana State University Baton RougeLA70803 United States

The quantum relative entropy is known to play a key role in determining the asymptotic convertibility of quantum states in general resource-theoretic settings, often constituting the unique monotone that is relevant in the asymptotic regime. We show that this is no longer the case when one allows stochastic protocols that may only succeed with some probability, in which case the quantum relative entropy is insufficient to characterize the rates of asymptotic state transformations, and a new entropic quantity based on a regularization of the Hilbert projective metric comes into play. Such a scenario is motivated by a setting where the cost associated with transformations of quantum states, typically taken to be the number of copies of a given state, is instead identified with the size of the quantum memory needed to realize the protocol. Our approach allows for constructing transformation protocols that achieve strictly higher rates than those imposed by the relative entropy. Focusing on the task of resource distillation, we give broadly applicable strong converse bounds on the asymptotic rates of probabilistic distillation protocols, and show them to be tight in relevant settings such as entanglement distillation with non-entangling operations. This generalizes and extends previously known limitations that only applied to deterministic protocols. Our methods are based on recent results for probabilistic one-shot transformations as well as a new asymptotic equipartition property for the projective relative entropy. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

MAVEN-ERE: A Unified Large-scale Dataset for Event Coreference, Temporal, Causal, and Subevent Relation Extraction

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

arXiv 2022年

作者： Wang, Xiaozhi Chen, Yulin Ding, Ning Peng, Hao Wang, Zimu Lin, Yankai Han, Xu Hou, Lei Li, Juanzi Liu, Zhiyuan Li, Peng Zhou, Jie Department of Computer Science and Technology BNRist China Shenzhen International Graduate School China THU-Siemens Ltd. China Joint Research Center for Industrial Intelligence and IoT China Tsinghua University Beijing China Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China Beijing China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods Beijing China Pattern Recognition Center WeChat AI Tencent Inc China

The diverse relationships among real-world events, including coreference, temporal, causal, and subevent relations, are fundamental to understanding natural languages. However, two drawbacks of existing datasets limit event relation extraction (ERE) tasks: (1) Small scale. Due to the annotation complexity, the data scale of existing datasets is limited, which cannot well train and evaluate data-hungry models. (2) Absence of unified annotation. Different types of event relations naturally interact with each other, but existing datasets only cover limited relation types at once, which prevents models from taking full advantage of relation interactions. To address these issues, we construct a unified large-scale human-annotated ERE dataset MAVEN-ERE with improved annotation schemes. It contains 103, 193 event coreference chains, 1, 216, 217 temporal relations, 57, 992 causal relations, and 15, 841 subevent relations, which is larger than existing datasets of all the ERE tasks by at least an order of magnitude. Experiments show that ERE on MAVEN-ERE is quite challenging, and considering relation interactions with joint learning can improve performances. The dataset and source codes can be obtained from https://***/THU-KEG/MAVEN-ERE. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extraction

Development of a Lightweight Deformable Surface Mechanism (DSM) by Applying Shape-Memory Alloy (SMA) and the Sponge for Handling Objects

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Development of a Lightweight Deformable Surface Mechanism (D...

IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Peizhi Zhang Namiko Saito Hiroki Shigemune Shigeki Sugano Graduate Program for Embodiment Informatics for Leading Graduate Schools Waseda University Tokyo Japan Collage of Engineering Shibaura Insitute of Technology Tokyo Japan School of Creative Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728185262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185279

In this paper, we present a lightweight Deformable Surface Mechanism (DSM) by applying shape-memory alloy (SMA) and sponge for moving objects as a soft actuator. The SMA is driven by heating and cooling processing with the cur-rent flowing. For the SMA, cooling is a process for recovering to original length which consumes time. In order to decrease the recovering time and making the surface deformable, a sponge sheet is applied in the mechanism. We used the cotton thread to sew the SMA into the sponge to manufacture the mechanism. The DSM contains a multi-triangle structure, and each triangle works as an individual actuation unit. By applying this structure and special sewing technique, the sponge sheet can be deformed in a vertical direction when the SMA contracted. While, when the current is turned off, the SMA can be stretched to the original length by the pushing force generated by the sponge. Therefore, a deformable surface mechanism with a rapid response can be achieved. We simulated the changing of uni-Deformable Surface Mechanism (uniDSM), and the experiments were followed to compare with the analyzed results. Additionally, different objects were examined on the DSM to test the conveyance ability.

关键词： Heating systems Cooling Force Metals Yarn Surface treatment Cybernetics

Competitive Landscape and Patent Activity of Artificial Intelligence technology in Finance

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Competitive Landscape and Patent Activity of Artificial Inte...

International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data (ICAIBD)

作者： Juan HE Mengting DU Lin QIAO Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen P R China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing P R China

ISBN: (数字)9781728197418

ISBN: (纸本)9781728197425

Artificial intelligence technology promotes the transformation of the financial industry. The competition of intelligent finance is fierce at home and abroad. Based on the patent data, this paper analyzes the global patent applications in the field of intelligent finance and its branches, focusing on the trend of global patent applications, the R & D capabilities of major patent applicants, and the competitiveness of major countries and regions. Based on the above research, this paper points out the key technologies and technical hotspots, and then makes a judgment of the global competitive landscape in the field of intelligent finance.

关键词：

PV System Power Model Application in Smart Cities 2

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

PV System Power Model Application in Smart Cities

2nd IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention, ICKII 2019

作者： Huang, Chiou-Jye Hwang, Min-Chan Chen, Hsin-Chuan Kuo, Ping-Huan School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Zhongshan Institute Zhongshan China Computer and Intelligent Robot Program for Bachelor Degree National Pingtung University Pingtung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728101101

The photovoltaic (PV) system energy generation is closely related to climate conditions, installation site, and system design. In this paper, a simple energy generation model is proposed and established by means of module temperature and solar irradiation, module temperature coefficient, module rated power, number of modules, and three correction coefficients including temperature derating coefficient, inverter conversion loss coefficient, and other loss coefficients. The experiment results show that the estimation model proposed in this paper has high accuracy using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) model as the evaluation index, the estimation model MAPE is 6.75%, while the PV SYST software simulation has MAPE of 11.90%. According to international MAPE evaluation standards, the method proposed in this paper has higher accuracy level than PV SYST software. This model can be used for the estimation of energy generation when installing solar PV systems, and can be used for the reasonable assessment of PV system long-term power generation, to predict system power generation anomalies, and reduce system abnormalities caused by downtime losses, and increase investment efficiency. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Smart city

Assessment of sources and health risks of heavy metals in metropolitan household dust among preschool children: The LEAPP-HIT study

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental Management 2024年 352卷 120015页

作者： Kao, Chi-Sian Wang, Ying-Lin Jiang, Chuen-Bin Tai, Pei-Ju Chen, Yi-Hua Chao, Hsing-Jasmine Lo, Yu-Chun Hseu, Zeng-Yei Hsi, Hsing-Cheng Chien, Ling-Chu School of Public Health College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition MacKay Children's Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Medicine MacKay Medical College SanZhi District New Taipei City Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Agricultural Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Nutrition Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

The most common construction material used in Taiwan is concrete, potentially contaminated by geologic heavy metals (HMs). Younger children spend much time indoors, increasing HM exposure risks from household dust owing to their behaviors. We evaluated arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) concentrations in fingernails among 280 preschoolers between 2017 and 2023. We also analyzed HM concentrations, including As, Cd, Pb, chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), in 90 household dust and 50 road dust samples from a residential area where children lived between 2019 and 2021 to deepen the understanding of sources and health risks of exposure to HMs from household dust. The average As, Cd, and Pb concentrations in fingernails were 0.12 ± 0.06, 0.05 ± 0.05, and 0.95 ± 0.77 μg/g, respectively. Soil parent materials, indoor construction activities, vehicle emissions, and mixed indoor combustion were the pollution sources of HMs in household dust. Higher Cr and Pb levels in household dust may pose non-carcinogenic risks to preschoolers. Addressing indoor construction and soil parent materials sources is vital for children's health. The finding of the present survey can be used for indoor environmental management to reduce the risks of HM exposure and avoid potential adverse health effects for younger children. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Heavy metals