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Titania Nanosheets Generates Peroxynitrite for S-Nitrosylation and Enhanced p53 Function in Lung Cancer Cells

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Research Square

Research Square 2021年

作者： Soonnarong, Rapeepun Tungsukruthai, Sucharat Nutho, Bodee Rungrotmongkol, Thanyada Vinayanuwattikun, Chanida Maluangnont, Tosapol Chanvorachote, Pithi Interdisciplinary Program of Pharmacology Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Cell-based Drug and Health Products Development Research Unit Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Bangkok Thailand Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Biocatalyst and Environmental Biotechnology Reseach Unit Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Division of Medical Oncology Department of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand College of Materials Innovation and Technology King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand

Background: Metal oxide nanomaterials are increasingly being exploited in cancer therapy thanks to their unique properties, which can enhance the efficacy of current cancer therapies. However, the nanotoxicity and mechanism of Ti0.8O2 nanosheets for specific site-targeting strategies in NSCLC have not yet been investigated. Methods: The effects of Ti0.8O2 nanosheets on cytotoxicity in NSCLC cells and normal cells were examined. The apoptosis characteristics, including condensed and fragmented nuclei, as assessed by positive staining with annexin V. The cellular uptake of the nanosheets and the induction of stress fiber were assessed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, respectively. We also evaluated the expression of protein in death mechanism to identify the molecular mechanisms behind the toxicity of these cells. We investigated the relationship between S-nitrosylation and the increase in p53 stability by molecular dynamics. Results: Ti0.8O2 nanosheets caused cytotoxicity in several lung cancer cells, but not in normal cells. The nanosheets could enter lung cancer cells and exert an apoptosis induction. Results for protein analysis further indicated the activation of p53, increased Bax, decreased Bcl-2 and Mcl-1, and activation of caspase-3. The nanosheets also exhibited a substantial apoptosis effect in drug-resistant metastatic primary lung cancer cells, and it was found that the potency of the nanosheets was dramatically higher than that of cisplatin and etoposide. In terms of their mechanism of action, we found that the mode of apoptosis induction was through the generation of cellular ONOO− mediated the S-nitrosylation of p53 at C182. Molecular dynamics analysis further showed that the S-nitrosylation of one C182 stabilized the p53 dimer. Consequently, this nitrosylation of the protein led to an upregulation of p53 through its stabilization. Conclusions: Taking all the evidence together, we provided info

关键词： Molecular dynamics

Caco-2 Cell-Derived Biomimetic Electrochemical Biosensor for Cholera Toxin Detection

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SSRN

SSRN 2022年

作者： Kim, Yonghwan Lee, Dongtak Seo, Youngjun Jung, Hyo Gi Jang, Jae Won Park, Dongsung Kim, Insu Lee, Gyudo Hwang, Kyo Seon Kim, Seung-Hyun Lee, Sang Won Lee, Jeong Hoon Yoon, Dae Sung School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul02447 Korea Republic of Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology Korea University Sejong30019 Korea Republic of School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul01897 Korea Republic of Astrion Inc Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

Cholera is a highly contagious and lethal waterborne disease induced by an infection with Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) secreting cholera toxin (CTx). Cholera toxin subunit B (CTxB) from the CTx specifically binds with monosialo-tetra-hexosyl-ganglioside (GM1) found on the exterior cell membrane of an enterocyte. Owing to the pathological process of CTx, a biomimetic electrochemical biosensor (CCB) was developed by applying GM1-expressing Caco-2 cell membrane (CCM) on the electrode surface of the biosensor for CTx detection. Briefly, the electrode surface was functionalized with CCM using the vesicle fusion method. The specific binding between GM1 and CTxB on the electrode surface was verified using confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The CTxB detection performances of the CCB, including sensitivity, selectivity, and long-term stability, were determined using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Based on the results, the CCB had an excellent limit of detection of ~11.46 nM and a detection range spanning 100 ng/mL - 1 mg/mL. Further, the CCB had high selectivity for the CTxB compared to different interfering molecules, which are abundant constituents of intestinal fluid and fecal matter in the human body. The long-term stability of the CCBs was also verified for 3 weeks using EIS. Overall, the CCB was found to have an excellent potential for application to point-of-care and cost-effective testing for CTxB detection in developing countries. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

A Systematic Search of Distant Superclusters with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Tsung-Chi Lin, Yen-Ting Schive, Hsi-Yu Oguri, Masamune Chen, Kai-Feng Okabe, Nobuhiro Ali, Sadman Bottrell, Connor Dalal, Roohi Koyama, Yusei Monteiro-Oliveira, Rogério Shimakawa, Rhythm Goto, Tomotsugu Hsieh, Bau-Ching Kodama, Tadayuki Nishizawa, Atsushi J. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Institute of Physics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Center for Theoretical Physics National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei10617 Taiwan Center for Frontier Science Chiba University Chiba-shi Chiba263-8522 Japan Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Core Research for Energetic Universe Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Subaru Telescope National Astronomical Observatory of Japan HiloHI96720 United States International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Perth6009 Australia Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Waseda University 1-21-1 Nishi Waseda Shinjuku Tokyo169-0051 Japan Center for Data Science Waseda University 1-6-1 Nishi-Waseda Shinjuku Tokyo169-0051 Japan Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Astronomical Institute Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi980-8578 Japan DX Center Gifu Shotoku Gakuen University Gifu501-6194 Japan

Superclusters, encompassing environments across a wide range of overdensities, can be regarded as unique laboratories for studying galaxy evolution. Although numerous supercluster catalogs have been published, none of them goes beyond redshift z = 0.7. In this work, we adopt a physically motivated supercluster definition, requiring that superclusters should eventually collapse even in the presence of dark energy. Applying a friends-of-friends (FoF) algorithm to the CAMIRA cluster sample constructed using the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam survey data, we have conducted the first systematic search for superclusters at z = 0.5-1.0 and identified 673 supercluster candidates over an area of 1027 deg2. The FoF algorithm is calibrated by evolving N-body simulations to the far future to ensure high purity. We found that these high-z superclusters are mainly composed of 2 - 4 clusters, suggesting the limit of gravitationally bound structures in the younger Universe. In addition, we studied the properties of the clusters and brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) residing in different large-scale environments. We found that clusters associated with superclusters are typically richer, but no apparent dependence of the BCG properties on large-scale structures is found. We also compared the abundance of observed superclusters with mock superclusters extracted from halo light cones, finding that photometric redshift uncertainty is a limiting factor in the performance of superclusters detection. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Dark energy

Expanders and right-angled Artin groups

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Flores, Ramón Kahrobaei, Delaram Koberda, Thomas Department of Geometry and Topology University of Seville Spain Department of Computer Science University of York United Kingdom New York University Tandon School of Engineering PhD Program in Computer Science CUNY Graduate Center Department of Mathematics University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States

The purpose of this article is to give a characterization of families of expander graphs via right-angled Artin groups. We prove that a sequence of simplicial graphs {Γi}i∈ forms a family of expander graphs if and only if a certain natural mini-max invariant arising from the cup product in the cohomology rings of the groups {A(Γi)}i∈ agrees with the Cheeger constant of the sequence of graphs, thus allowing us to characterize expander graphs via cohomology. This result is proved in the more general framework of vector space expanders, a novel structure consisting of sequences of vector spaces equipped with vector-space-valued bilinear pairings which satisfy a certain mini-max condition. These objects can be considered to be analogues of expander graphs in the realm of linear algebra, with a dictionary being given by the cup product in cohomology, and in this context represent a different approach to expanders that those developed by Lubotzky-Zelmanov and Bourgain-Yehudayoff. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vector spaces

Foundation Models for Music: A Survey

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Yinghao Øland, Anders Ragni, Anton Del Sette, Bleiz MacSen Saitis, Charalampos Donahue, Chris Lin, Chenghua Plachouras, Christos Benetos, Emmanouil Shatri, Elona Morreale, Fabio Zhang, Ge Fazekas, György Xia, Gus Zhang, Huan Manco, Ilaria Huang, Jiawen Guinot, Julien Lin, Liwei Marinelli, Luca Lam, Max W.Y. Sharma, Megha Kong, Qiuqiang Dannenberg, Roger B. Yuan, Ruibin Wu, Shangda Wu, Shih-Lun Dai, Shuqi Lei, Shun Kang, Shiyin Dixon, Simon Chen, Wenhu Huang, Wenhao Du, Xingjian Qu, Xingwei Tan, Xu Li, Yizhi Tian, Zeyue Wu, Zhiyong Wu, Zhizheng Ma, Ziyang Wang, Ziyu The Centre for Digital Music Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom The School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University PA15213 United States University of Sheffield Western Bank SheffieldS10 2TN United Kingdom The University of Manchester Oxford Rd ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom University of Auckland New Zealand 01.AI Beijing100089 China Music X Lab Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence New York University Shanghai United States University of Tokyo Japan The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The Central Conservatory of Music China The Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University China The Skywork AI PTE. LTD. Beijing China The Department of Computer Science University of Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Vector Institute Canada University of Rochester United States Microsoft United States The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Shanghai Jiao Tong University China

In recent years, foundation models (FMs) such as large language models (LLMs) and latent diffusion models (LDMs) have profoundly impacted diverse sectors, including music. This comprehensive review examines state-of-the-art (SOTA) pre-trained models and foundation models in music, spanning from representation learning, generative learning and multimodal learning. We first contextualise the significance of music in various industries and trace the evolution of AI in music. By delineating the modalities targeted by foundation models, we discover many of the music representations are underexplored in FM development. Then, emphasis is placed on the lack of versatility of previous methods on diverse music applications, along with the potential of FMs in music understanding, generation and medical application. By comprehensively exploring the details of the model pre-training paradigm, architectural choices, tokenisation, finetuning methodologies and controllability, we emphasise the important topics that should have been well explored, like instruction tuning and in-context learning, scaling law and emergent ability, as well as long-sequence modelling, etc. A dedicated section presents insights into music agents, accompanied by a thorough analysis of datasets and evaluations essential for pre-training and downstream tasks. Finally, by underscoring the vital importance of ethical considerations, we advocate that following research on FM for music should focus more on such issues as interpretability, transparency, human responsibility, and copyright issues. The paper offers insights into future challenges and trends on FMs for music, aiming to shape the trajectory of human-AI collaboration in the music realm. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

Search for the Majorana Nature of Neutrinos in the Inverted Mass Ordering Region with KamLAND-Zen

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第5期130卷 051801-051801页

作者： S. Abe S. Asami M. Eizuka S. Futagi A. Gando Y. Gando T. Gima A. Goto T. Hachiya K. Hata S. Hayashida K. Hosokawa K. Ichimura S. Ieki H. Ikeda K. Inoue K. Ishidoshiro Y. Kamei N. Kawada Y. Kishimoto M. Koga M. Kurasawa N. Maemura T. Mitsui H. Miyake T. Nakahata K. Nakamura R. Nakamura H. Ozaki T. Sakai H. Sambonsugi I. Shimizu J. Shirai K. Shiraishi A. Suzuki Y. Suzuki A. Takeuchi K. Tamae K. Ueshima H. Watanabe Y. Yoshida S. Obara A. K. Ichikawa D. Chernyak A. Kozlov K. Z. Nakamura S. Yoshida Y. Takemoto S. Umehara K. Fushimi K. Kotera Y. Urano B. E. Berger B. K. Fujikawa J. G. Learned J. Maricic S. N. Axani J. Smolsky Z. Fu L. A. Winslow Y. Efremenko H. J. Karwowski D. M. Markoff W. Tornow S. Dell’Oro T. O’Donnell J. A. Detwiler S. Enomoto M. P. Decowski C. Grant A. Li H. Song Research Center for Neutrino Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI) The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8583 Japan Graduate Program on Physics for the Universe Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Kyoto University Department of Physics Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Graduate School of Science Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan Research Center for Nuclear Physics Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Department of Physics Tokushima University Tokushima 770-8506 Japan Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima 770-8502 Japan Nuclear Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Hawaii at Manoa Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee 37996 USA Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Physics Departments at Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA North Carolina Central University Durham North Carolina 27707 USA and The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599 USA Center for Neutrino Physics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA Nikhef and the University of Amsterdam Science Park Amsterdam Netherlands Boston University Boston Massachusetts 02215 USA

The KamLAND-Zen experiment has provided stringent constraints on the neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay half-life in Xe136 using a xenon-loaded liquid scintillator. We report an improved search using an upgraded detector with almost double the amount of xenon and an ultralow radioactivity container, corresponding to an exposure of 970 kg yr of Xe136. These new data provide valuable insight into backgrounds, especially from cosmic muon spallation of xenon, and have required the use of novel background rejection techniques. We obtain a lower limit for the 0νββ decay half-life of T1/20ν>2.3×1026 yr at 90% C.L., corresponding to upper limits on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of 36–156 meV using commonly adopted nuclear matrix element calculations.

关键词： Neutrinoless double beta decay

Traditional restaurant managers’ use of sensory marketing to maintain customer satisfaction: Findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA

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Cogent Business & Management 2023年第1期10卷

作者： Pantas H. Silaban Wen-Kuo Chen Ixora Javanisa Eunike Andri Dayarana K. Silalahi 1 Master of Management Program Graduate School University of HKBP Nommensen Medan Indonesia 2 Department of Money and Banking National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan 3 Department of Business Administration Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung Taiwan4 Management Program Faculty of Economics and Business University of HKBP Nommensen Medan Indonesia

The sensory experience is the initial step in creating memorable dining experiences for consumers in traditional restaurants. However, the question remains as to how managers should best combine the five senses to satisfy customers. More research is needed to determine how sensory cues can be used in marketing strategies. By applying five sensory marketing to traditional restaurants, this study proposes a model for satisfying customers. In addition, it aims to leverage methodologies that ultimately lead to customer satisfaction based on sensory marketing that can serve as guidelines for restaurant managers. The study hypotheses were tested on a sample of 525 Indonesians who dined at traditional restaurants. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modelling with Smart-PLS 4.0 and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) 3.0. The results indicated that olfaction and haptics are significant factors in customer satisfaction, whereas visual, taste, and auditory are not. According to the QCA findings, two configurations were associated with high satisfaction outcomes, while two others were associated with low satisfaction outcomes. As a theoretical and managerial contribution, this study provides guidance to scholars and managers interested in improving satisfaction in traditional restaurants through sensory marketing techniques.

关键词： asymmetrical analysis customer satisfaction managers sensory marketing traditional restaurants consumer behaviour hospitality marketing destination marketing strategic management

Cooperative nanoparticle self-assembly and photothermal heating in a flexible plasmonic metamaterial

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Phan, Anh D. Lam, Vu D. Wakabayashi, Katsunori Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Faculty of Computer Science Materials Science and Engineering Phenikaa University Hanoi12116 Viet Nam Department of Nanotechnology for Sustainable Energy School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo669-1337 Japan Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi Viet Nam

We theoretically investigate equilibrium behaviors and photothermal effects of a flexible plasmonic metamaterial composed of aramid nanofibers and gold nanoparticles. The fiber matrix is considered as an external field to reconfigure a nanoparticle assembly. We find that the heating process tunes particle-particle and fiber-particle interactions, which alter adsorption of nanoparticles on fiber surfaces or clustering in pore spaces. Thus, it is possible to control the nanoparticle self-assembly by laser illumination. Gold nanoparticles strongly absorb radiations and efficiently dissipate absorbed energy into heat. By solving the heat transfer equation associated with an effective medium approximation, we calculate the spatial temperature rise. Remarkably, our theoretical results quantitatively agree with prior experiments. This indicates that we can ignore plasmonic coupling effects induced by particle clustering. Effects of the laser spot size and intensity on the photothermal heating are also discussed. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metal nanoparticles

From common low temperature to ultra-low temperature: overview of frosting characteristics and defrosting techniques in equipment

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Applied Thermal Engineering 2025年 278卷

作者： Chen Ma Xiaojing Ge Haikun Zheng Mengjie Song Wei Sheng Xiaozhuan Chen Dongyu Fu Chaobin Dang School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China School of Computer Science and Technology Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 China Hami Yu-Xin Energy Industry Institute Co Hami 839000 China Department of Energy and Power Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui 3-9-1 Bunkyo Fukui-shi Fukui 910-8507 Japan

With the rapid advancement of low-temperature refrigeration technology, its applications have expanded beyond conventional low-temperature civilian equipment to include large-scale industrial equipment in the field of ultra-low temperatures. The operation of cryogenic equipment inherently involves heat exchange with the surrounding environment. In low-temperature, high-humidity conditions, the surfaces of heat exchangers in such equipment are highly susceptible to frosting. Frost accumulation increases thermal resistance, significantly reducing energy efficiency and causing substantial power wastage. The frosting rates of cryogenic equipment vary due to differences in operating conditions across devices. This review systematically examines recent advancements in frosting characteristics, influencing factors, and anti-frosting and defrosting technologies across various equipment and operating environments. Identifying and implementing suitable anti-frosting and defrosting strategies for specific conditions can significantly improve equipment performance and efficiency. This article categorizes temperature into three zones: common low temperature, transitional low temperature, and ultra-low temperature. It provides a detailed analysis of the frosting characteristics of representative equipment in each zone. Based on the research findings, targeted anti-frosting and defrosting strategies are proposed to optimize the maintenance and management of low-temperature refrigeration equipment. The insights presented serve as a valuable reference for researchers, manufacturers, and designers aiming to enhance equipment performance.

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