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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kranl, Michael Ramsauer, Hubert Knapp, Bernhard Department of Computer Science Artificial Intelligence Engineering Program University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien Vienna Austria Institute for Machine Learning Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria

One of the main tasks of an autonomous agent in a vehicle is to correctly perceive its environment. Much of the data that needs to be processed is collected by optical sensors such as cameras. Unfortunately, the data collected in this way can be affected by a variety of factors, including environmental influences such as inclement weather conditions (e.g., rain). Such noisy data can cause autonomous agents to take wrong decisions with potentially fatal outcomes. This paper addresses the rain image challenge by two steps: First, rain is artificially added to a set of clear-weather condition images using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). This yields good/bad weather image pairs for training de-raining models. This artificial generation of rain images is sufficiently realistic as in 7 out of 10 cases, human test subjects believed the generated rain images to be real. In a second step, this paired good/bad weather image data is used to train two rain denoising models, one based primarily on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the other using a Vision Transformer. This rain de-noising step showed limited performance as the quality gain was only about 15%. This lack of performance on realistic rain images as used in our study is likely due to current rain de-noising models being developed for simplistic rain overlay data. Our study shows that there is ample space for improvement of de-raining models in autonomous *** Codes I.4 © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Rain

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Home smart alarm system for the visually impaired

Home smart alarm system for the visually impaired

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Cybernetics and Innovations (ICCI), International Conference on

作者： Worawut Yimyam Thittaporn Ganokratanaa Department. of Business Information Management Phetchaburi Rajabhat University Phetchaburi Thailand Applied Computer Science Program King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand

This research aims to study the working principles of IOT devices or Internet of Things in order to promote the use of information technology systems, both hardware and software, with visually impaired people. rehabilitation of persons with disabilities, enhancing the capacity or ability of persons with disabilities to improve their condition or or existing capabilities through the advancement of technology so that people with disabilities have the opportunity to work or live in society to the full potential of the researcher The concept of technology acceptance model (Technology Acceptance Model or TAM) to help further develop This research shows the importance of information technology systems, both hardware and software, to visually impaired people, which is the basis for product development of healthcare service businesses in the future.

关键词： Technological innovation Technology acceptance model Medical services Software Hardware Product development Internet of Things

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Top-Down Fabrication of Diamond Nanostructures

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Li, Chenxi Pieshkov, Tymofii Mei, Zhaobo Xu, Mingfei Li, Tao Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Zhao, Yuji Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Diamond nanostructures can have exciting applications in electronics and thermal management, but their controlled fabrication can be challenging. Here, we present a top-down approach for the fabrication of diamond nanorod (DNR) clusters, via use of metal masks (Al, Ag, Au, and Cr) and reactive-ion etching (RIE). Prolonged RIE on Ag and Cr masks yields distinct etching profiles, and DNR clusters are selectively formed from Ag masks, with individual nanorods having dimensions of ~100 nm diameter and ~1.5 µm length. Detailed electron microscopy shows thin layer of amorphous carbon (a-C) around single crystalline DNR cores. Chemical analyses also show presence of oxygen on the surface of the DNRs. Fabrication of the DNR clusters with scalable top-down approach could lead to new nanodiamond-based applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanorods

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An Application-Aware Clustering Strategy in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network

An Application-Aware Clustering Strategy in Vehicular Ad Hoc...

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International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering (iCCECE)

作者： Chi-Hung Wei Chin-Chih Chang Chien-Hao Chu Sean Hsiao Ph.D. Program in Engineering Science Chung Hua University Hsinchu City Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu City Taiwan Bachelor Program in Applied Foreign Language and Smart Commerce Chung Hua University Hsinchu City Taiwan

VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) was developed to address the unique challenges of communication in a mobile vehicular environment. This technology can enhance driving safety and traffic control. Moreover, similar principles can be applied to unmanned aerial vehicles and robotics. When transmitting data in moving vehicles, it is challenging as access points and base stations keep changing, requiring handovers between different access points and base stations. Clustering is a popular approach used to address this challenge. Common clustering strategies are based on the proximity, communication range, the density, the application requirements of the moving vehicles, or hybrid of them. In this paper, we propose a clustering strategy based on the application sublayer in the vehicle communication protocol. If two computing devices on the move run the same application, they can be grouped together. The contribution of this research is to develop a clustering mechanism based on the application with very low overhead. We also validate the proposed method through simulations. The simulation results indicate that the proposed method is feasible.

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Percolation Nature of Threshold Switching: an Experimental Verification

Percolation Nature of Threshold Switching: an Experimental V...

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IEEE Conference on Nanotechnology

作者： Suman Devkota Brendan M Kuzior Victor G. Karpov Daniel G. Georgiev Frank Li Vamsi Borra Electrical and Computer Engineering program Youngstown State University Youngstown OH OH USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science respectively University of Toledo Toledo OH USA

This paper details a process used to create an interconnect in a conducting systems, such as amorphous or polycrystalline semiconductors. An experimental verification on the plasticity that supports the percolation conduction mechanism is provided. The plasticity observed in the sample could be harnessed in the development of new electronic devices that require flexibility and adaptability, such as wearable electronics and bendable screens. Overall, TEM characterization, in combination with SAED analysis, revealed a highly oriented crystalline structure in the sample. In addition, the results of this study have implications for the design of new memory devices that are based on a percolation conduction mechanism, which could potentially lead to the development of more efficient and reliable non-volatile storage technologies.

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Meal Image Recognition and Healthy Meal Combination Recommendation System Integrated with Generative Artificial Intelligence

Meal Image Recognition and Healthy Meal Combination Recommen...

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IEEE Eurasia Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Healthcare and Sustainability (ECBIOS)

作者： Chin-Chih Chang Chi-Hung Wei Sean Hsiao Chyuan-Huei Thomas Yang Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Engineering Science Chung Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Bachelor's Program in Applied Foreign Language and Smart Commerce Chung Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan School of Information Engineering Shandong Vocational and Technical University of International Studies Shandong China

ISBN: (数字)9798350396133

ISBN: (纸本)9798350396140

People increasingly prioritize a balanced diet to enhance well-being, yet making informed dietary choices remains challenging amidst the abundance of options. To address this, we developed a meal image recognition and healthy meal combination recommender system, integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI). Convolutional neural networks were used for precise meal image recognition to identify diverse food items. The generative AI-augmented recommendation engine offers personalized meal suggestions aligned with nutritional goals and dietary preferences, utilizing a nutrition knowledge base to ensure overall well-being. The system's feasibility was validated, illustrating its excellence in meal recognition accuracy, recommendation diversity, and user engagement. By integrating generative AI, the system shows its potential to enhance dietary recommendations and public health.

关键词： Image recognition Accuracy Generative AI Knowledge based systems Convolutional neural networks Sustainable development Public healthcare Recommender systems Engines Biomedical engineering

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Mechanism of skyrmion condensation and pairing for twisted bilayer graphene

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Physical Review B 2022年第18期105卷 184505-184505页

作者： Dian Jing Alexander Conkey Tyner Pallab Goswami Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Integrated Science Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

When quantum flavor Hall insulator phases of itinerant fermions are disordered by strong quantum fluctuations, the condensation of skyrmion textures of order parameter fields can lead to superconductivity. In this work, we address the mechanism of skyrmion condensation by considering the scattering between (2+1)-dimensional Weyl fermions and hedgehog-type tunneling configurations of order parameters that violate the skyrmion-number conservation law. We show the quantized, flavor Hall conductivity (σxyf) controls the degeneracy of topologically protected, fermion zero-modes, localized on hedgehogs. The overlap between zero-mode eigenfunctions or 't Hooft vertex is shown to control the nature of the paired states. Employing this formalism for the N=2 model of twisted bilayer graphene, we describe the competition among flavor Hall orders, charge 4e− superconductivity, and various charge 2e− paired states in BCS and paired-density-wave channels. At charge neutrality, we show that the competition between flavor Hall insulators and charge 2e− states can be captured by SO(9) nonlinear sigma models. If the topological pairing mechanism can dominate over the conventional pairing mechanism, our work predicts the flavor-symmetry-preserving charge 4e− superconductivity as a natural candidate for the paired state in the vicinity of the charge neutral point.

关键词： FFLO Multiband superconductivity Pairing mechanisms Superconducting order parameter Superconductivity Topological insulators Topological phase transition Topological phases of matter Topological superconductors

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Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

Low-loss, nonvolatile tuning of Bragg structures with Sb2Se3

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CLEO: Applications and Technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Nobile, Nicholas A. Lian, Chuanyu Sun, Hongyi Huang, Yi-Siou Mills, Brian Popescu, Cosmin Constantin Callahan, Dennis Hu, Juejun Ríos Ocampo, Carlos A. Youngblood, Nathan Electrical & Computer Engineering Department University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15213 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Draper Scholar Program The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. CambridgeMA02139 United States The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Inc. CambridgeMA02139 United States

Sb2Se3 is used to switch between broadband transparency and enhanced index contrast in two device types leveraging Bragg gratings for tunable stop- and pass-band functionalities. Experimental results highlight fabrication challenges and efficacy of the designs. © Optica Publishing Group 2024, © 2024 The Author(s)

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Gallium Oxide as Photonic Integrated Platforms in the UV-Visible Spectra

Gallium Oxide as Photonic Integrated Platforms in the UV-Vis...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Zhou, Jingan Zhao, Xuan Xu, Rui Zhang, Xiang Fu, Kai Li, Tao Xu, Mingfei Luo, Shisong He, Ziyi Robinson, Jacob T. Zhu, Hanyu Ajayan, Pulickel M. Zhang, Xiaodong Zhao, Yuji Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Nanofabrication facility Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

We report the Ga2O3 as photonic integrated platforms and its nonlinear optical effects in the UV-visible spectra. A low propagation loss of 3.7 dB/cm and second-order susceptibility of x(2)=4.89xl03pm/V were obtained.... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Gallium compounds

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Connecting polymer collapse and the onset of jamming

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Physical Review E 2024年第3期109卷 034406-034406页

作者： Alex T. Grigas Aliza Fisher Mark D. Shattuck Corey S. O'Hern Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

Previous studies have shown that the interiors of proteins are densely packed, reaching packing fractions that are as large as those found for static packings of individual amino-acid-shaped particles. How can the interiors of proteins take on such high packing fractions given that amino acids are connected by peptide bonds and many amino acids are hydrophobic with attractive interactions? We investigate this question by comparing the structural and mechanical properties of collapsed attractive disk-shaped bead-spring polymers to those of three reference systems: static packings of repulsive disks, of attractive disks, and of repulsive disk-shaped bead-spring polymers. We show that the attractive systems quenched to temperatures below the glass transition T≪Tg and static packings of both repulsive disks and bead-spring polymers possess similar interior packing fractions. Previous studies have shown that static packings of repulsive disks are isostatic at jamming onset, i.e., the number of interparticle contacts Nc matches the number of degrees of freedom, which strongly influences their mechanical properties. We find that repulsive polymer packings are hypostatic at jamming onset (i.e., with fewer contacts than degrees of freedom) but are effectively isostatic when including stabilizing quartic modes, which give rise to quartic scaling of the potential energy with displacements along these modes. While attractive disk and polymer packings are often considered hyperstatic with excess contacts over the isostatic number, we identify a definition for interparticle contacts for which they can also be considered as effectively isostatic. As a result, we show that the mechanical properties (e.g., scaling of the potential energy with excess contact number and low-frequency contribution to the density of vibrational modes) of weakly attractive disk and polymer packings are similar to those of isostatic repulsive disk and polymer packings. Our results demonstrate that static

关键词： Jamming Polymer folding Protein folding Single polymer chains

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