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arXiv 2019年

作者： Balakrishnan, Harikrishnan Nellippallil Kathpalia, Aditi Saha, Snehanshu Nagaraj, Nithin Consciousness Studies Programme National Institute of Advanced Studies Indian Institute of Science Campus Bengaluru India Dept. of Computer Science PES University Bengaluru India

Inspired by chaotic firing of neurons in the brain, we propose ChaosNet – a novel chaos based artificial neural network architecture for classification tasks. ChaosNet is built using layers of neurons, each of which is a 1D chaotic map known as the Generalized Luröth Series (GLS) which has been shown in earlier works to possess very useful properties for compression, cryptography and for computing XOR and other logical operations. In this work, we design a novel learning algorithm on ChaosNet that exploits the topological transitivity property of the chaotic GLS neurons. The proposed learning algorithm gives consistently good performance accuracy in a number of classification tasks on well known publicly available datasets with very limited training samples. Even with as low as 7 (or fewer) training samples/class (which accounts for less than 0.05% of the total available data), ChaosNet yields performance accuracies in the range 73.89% − 98.33%. We demonstrate the robustness of ChaosNet to additive parameter noise and also provide an example implementation of a 2-layer ChaosNet for enhancing classification accuracy. We envisage the development of several other novel learning algorithms on ChaosNet in the near future. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Neural networks

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Candidate eclipsing binary systems with a δ Scuti star in Northern TESS field

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Aliçavuş, Filiz Kahraman Gümüs, D. Kırmızıtas, Ö. Ekinci, Ö. Çavuş, S. Kaya, Y.T. Aliçavuş, F. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Sciences and Arts Physics Department Çanakkale17100 Turkey Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Astrophysics Research Center Ulup0131nar ̆ Observatory ÇanakkaleTR-17100 Turkey Istanbul University Institute of Graduate Studies in Science Programme of Astronomy and Space Sciences Beyazıt Istanbul34116 Turkey Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Graduate Studies Department of Physics ÇanakkaleTR-17100 Turkey Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University School of Graduate Studies Department of Space Sciences and Technologies ÇanakkaleTR-17100 Turkey Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Engineering Computer Engineering ÇanakkaleTR-17100 Turkey

Existence of pulsating stars in eclipsing binaries have been known for decades. These types of objects are extremely valuable systems for astronomical studies as they exhibit both eclipsing and pulsation variations. The eclipsing binaries are the only way to directly measure the mass and radius of stars with a good accuracy (≤ 1%), while the pulsations are a unique way to probe the stellar interior via oscillation frequencies. There are different types of pulsating stars existing in eclipsing binaries. One of them is the δ Scuti variables. Currently, the known number of δ Scuti stars in eclipsing binaries is around 90 according to the latest catalog of these variables. An increasing number of these kinds of variables is important to understand the stellar structure, evolution and the effect of binarity on the pulsations. Therefore, in this study, we focus on discovering new eclipsing binaries with δ Scuti component(s). We searched for the northern TESS field with a visual inspection by following some criteria such as light curve shape, the existence of pulsation like variations in the out-of-eclipse light curve and the Teff values of the targets. As a result of these criteria, we determined some targets. The TESS light curves of the selected targets first were removed from the binarity and frequency analysis was performed on the residuals. The luminosity, absolute and bolometric magnitudes of the targets were calculated as well. To find how much of these parameters represent the primary binary component (more luminous) we also computed the flux density ratio of the systems by utilizing the area of the eclipses. In addition, the positions of the systems in the H-R diagram was examined considering the flux density ratios. As a consequence of the investigation, we defined 38 candidates δ Scuti and also one Maia variable in eclipsing binary systems. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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Ethical Considerations for Participatory Health through Social Media: Healthcare Workforce and Policy Maker Perspectives

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Yearbook of Medical Informatics 2020年第1期29卷 71-76页

作者： Rivera-Romero, Octavio Konstantinidis, Stathis Denecke, Kerstin Gabarrón, Elia Petersen, Carolyn Househ, Mowafa Merolli, Mark Mayer, Miguel Ángel Computer Engineering School Universidad de Sevilla Seville Spain University of Nottingham Nottingham United Kingdom Bern University of Applied Sciences Bern Switzerland Norwegian Centre of E-Health Research University Hospital North Norway Norway Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic MN Rochester United States College of Science and Engineering Hamad Bin Khalifa University Doha Qatar Health and Biomedical Informatics Centre Melbourne Medical School University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain

Objectives: To identify the different ethical issues that should be considered in participatory health through social media from different stakeholder perspectives (i.e., patients/service users, health professionals, health information technology (IT) professionals, and policy makers) in any healthcare context. Methods: We implemented a two-round survey composed of open ended questions in the first round, aggregated into a list of ethical issues rated for importance by participants in the second round, to generate a ranked list of possible ethical issues in participatory health based on healthcare professionals’ and policy makers’ opinions on both their own point of view and their beliefs for other stakeholders’ perspectives. Results: Twenty-six individuals responded in the first round of the survey. Multiple ethical issues were identified for each perspective. Data privacy, data security, and digital literacy were common themes in all perspectives. Thirty-three individuals completed the second round of the survey. Data privacy and data security were ranked among the three most important ethical issues in all perspectives. Quality assurance was the most important issue from the healthcare professionals’ perspective and the second most important issue from the patients’ perspective. Data privacy was the most important consideration for patients/service users. Digital literacy was ranked as the fourth most important issue, except for policy makers’ perspective. Conclusions: Different stakeholders’ opinions fairly agreed that there are common ethical issues that should be considered across the four groups (patients, healthcare professionals, health IT professionals, policy makers) such as data privacy, security, and quality assurance. © 2020 IMIA and Georg Thieme Verlag KG.

关键词： clinical ethics ethical issues patient participation patient-centered care Social media

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The Response of EEG Signal on Brain Relaxation Meditation Using Different Type of Zikr

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期2071卷

作者： N N Abd Razak K A Sidek K Y D Alaa N F Mohd Nasir Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia. Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Engineering University of Ha'il Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Biomedical Electronic Engineering Programme Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Malaysia.

Depression and stress are increasingly prevalent in today's society, owing to people's hectic, competitive, and demanding lifestyles. These illnesses had become very common, particularly among young and middle-aged people, and suicidal ideation had been identified as one of the leading causes of death by the World Health Organization (WHO). Nature sound (sound of downpours or beach) has been linked to depression and anxiety in neurology research, and it has been shown to be an alternative to alleviate anxiety. The electroencephalogram (EEG) waveform has been discovered to possess the potential in identifying information from the brain signal as well as data from the past via Bluetooth communication. The waveform use in the study are the result of a few experiments. In this study, EEG data were collected from eight subjects, four males and four females, in between the age of 20 to 30 years old and in good health, using the BrainLink device. The participants were asked to listen to two playlists of zikr, Allah, Ya Allah, and SubhanAllah, during the experiments. To smooth the signal, the Butterworth filter was used. Later, the extracted features were Alpha, Beta, and Delta waves, which were segmented based on the filtered signal. To complete the decision-making stage, the average value of amplitude differences and the p-value test were performed in the final phase. Based on the results of the experiments, it is clear that zikr is dominant in Delta wave. In terms of data hypothesis analysis, the results of both experiment were differentiated to determine which brain signal was dominant, and p-value testing was performed. Furthermore, this research is an alternative to current methods because it suggest that zikr has the tendency to alter a person's brain state to be either in a relaxed or calm mode regardless of the type of zikr recitation. As an outcome, the study recommends the relationship of the reaction of EEG signal on brain relaxation with different types of zikr

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Brain Age as a New Measure of Disease Stratification in Huntington's Disease

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Abeyasinghe, Pubu M. Cole, James H. Razi, Adeel Poudel, Govinda R. Paulsen, Jane S. Tabrizi, Sarah J. Long, Jeffrey D. Georgiou-Karistianis, Nellie School of Psychological Sciences Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health Monash University MelbourneVIC Australia Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom Dementia Research Centre Institute of Neurology University College London London United Kingdom Monash Biomedical Imaging Monash University ClaytonVIC Australia Welcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging UCL London United Kingdom Christchurch Neurotechnology Research Programme New Zealand Department of Neurology University of Wisconsin MadisonWI United States UCL Huntington's Disease Centre UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology UCL London United Kingdom Department of Psychiatry Carver College of Medicine The University of Iowa Iowa CityIA United States Department of Biostatistics College of Public Health The University of Iowa Iowa CityIA United States

Background: Extensive knowledge about Huntington’s disease (HD) has been generated over the last two decades, yet no disease modifying treatment exists. One contributing factor is the need for proper methods to characterise and define states of progression for therapeutics. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to calculate the brain’s biological age (so-called brain age) and utilize it as the basis of a data-driven clustering method to characterise states of progression in HD. Brain age has the potential for this type of stratification, as somatic expansion increases with age, which is thought to ultimately affect brain volumes. This approach may help define stratified treatment populations for clinical interventions and identify the optimal time for interventions to obtain the highest ***: T1-weighted MRI and clinical data from 953 participants, across PREDICT-HD, TRACK-HD and IMAGE-HD cohorts, were combined, including longitudinal measurements ranging between 1 and 10 years. Brain age for all participants was calculated and classified into 4 groups, using CAG and age product (CAP) score for the initial analysis. Next, unsupervised longitudinal k-means clustering was performed using brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD: the difference between brain-predicted age and the chronological age) to identify heterogeneous states of progression across the disease ***: At baseline, brain age and chronological age of HD participants were significantly different compared to controls, and the difference increased as a function of progression state. Brain-PAD was associated with disease severity captured by the CAP groups. Five states of progression were identified using statistical methods, resulting in substantive differences between the baseline and longitudinal progression of ***: Our findings demonstrate that brain-PAD has the potential to capture states of progression and might enhance other prognostic app

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases

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Adaptive Spectrum Handoff Scheme in Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc Networks

Adaptive Spectrum Handoff Scheme in Cognitive Radio Ad-Hoc N...

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2018 International Conference on Advances in Computing and Communication Engineering, ICACCE 2018

作者： Shakeel, Atif Hussain, Riaz Iqbal, Adeel Latif, Irfan Malik, Shahzad A. Omoniwa, Babatunji Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Computer Science Programme National Mathematical Centre Abuja Nigeria

ISBN: (纸本)9781538644850

Cognitive radio improves the spectrum utilization by permitting the secondary users in accessing the underutilized spectrum band of the primary network in an opportunistic manner. Spectrum handoff is considered as one of the important phases in cognitive cycle, where the secondary users have to vacate the occupied channel on the appearance of primary user for maintaining the QoS requirements of both primary and secondary communication. It also helps secondary users to find an appropriate target channel to resume its undone transmission either through switching handoff scheme or non-switching handoff process. The process of spectrum handoff becomes more critical in cognitive radio ad-hoc networks, as the coordination among the secondary users is a challenging task. This research presents an analytical model for the performance evaluation of secondary users, in terms of extended data delivery time for both switching and non-switching spectrum handoff in ad-hoc network environment. Channel rendezvous among secondary users is achieved usings of common control channel. The results achieved are based on preemptive resume priority M/M/1 queuing network, considering varying number of secondary users, their average arrival and service time. An adaptive spectrum handoff is proposed based on the primary user traffic intensity, number of SU and total number of primary channels. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Switching

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Prediction of Vocational Students Behaviour using The k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1566卷

作者： Fadliansyah Nasution Elviawaty Muiza Zamzami Master Programme in Informatics Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara

This article discusses the implementation of the k-NN algorithm in predicting student behavior. The school is a management unit that has data that correlate with students. All student data is stored in an academic information system that can be processed to predict student behavior. One of the data assessing student behavior is in the database of counseling guidance. Some data that will be processed include attendance, lateness notes of problems, teacher responses, tuition payments, broken home. The sample being tested was the data of 100 vocational students from various classes and various majors and divided into two categories. From this experiment, it can be seen that the most accurate K value is the value of K = 1, 3 and 4. The accuracy of the testing data generated is 94.9%.

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Literature Review : Implementation of Facial Recognition in Society

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1566卷

作者： M I Zarkasyi M R Hidayatullah E M Zamzami Master Programme in Informatics Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara

At one of the most successful applications of image analysis and understanding, face recognition has recently received significant attention, especially during the past few years. Facial recognition technology (FRT) has emerged as an attractive solution to address many contemporary needs for identification and verification of identity claims. It brings together the promise of other biometric systems, which attempt to tie identity to individually distinctive features of the body, and the more familiar functionality of visual surveillance systems. This report develops a socio-political analysis that bridges the technical and social scientific literature on FRT and addresses the unique challenges and concerns that attend its development, evaluation, and specific operational uses, contests, and goals. It highlights the potential and limitations of the technology, noting those tasks for which it seems ready for deployment, those areas where performance obstacles may be overcome by future technological developments or sound operating procedures, and still other issues that appear intractable. Its concern with efficacy extends to ethical considerations. Face recognition technology may solve this problem since a face is undeniably connected to its owner except in the case of identical twins. It's nontransferable. The system can then compare scans to records stored in a central or local database or ever on a smart card

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Application of Blended Learning Supporting Digital Education 4.0

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2020年第1期1566卷

作者： Maradoni Jaya Saragih Raden Mas Rizky Yohannes Cristanto Yusri Effendi Elviawaty M. Zamzami Master Programme in Informatics Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universitas Sumatera Utara

The learning process undertaken by each school is face-to-face between educators and students; of course, this method will lose its appeal to meet digital education 4.0. So that education personnel and students should be able to adjust the p Indonesia Economic technology and information that constitute a significant role as a medium for help, search, analyze, and obtain information about learning. The learning process to welcome digital education 4.0 cannot be separated from various computer devices, the internet, which can be done online (e-learning). To get good learning outcomes, of course, technological development (e-learning) must be able to benefit right, without having to leave face-to-face learning (face-to-face). For this reason, there are teaching models/strategies, teaching delivery, and the right quality of teaching, one of which is the Blended Learning Model. Blended learning is a learning model that combines the advantages of face-to-face learning models with e-learning learning models. With blended learning interaction and communication between educators and students can take place because this model is one of the active learning methods to deal with digital education 4.0.

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Single-molecule tracking of myelin basic protein during oligodendrocyte differentiation

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Biological imaging 2023年 3卷 e24页

作者： Sayed M Rassul Masahiro Otsu Iain B Styles Robert K Neely Daniel Fulton Neuroscience and Ophthalmology Research Group Institute of Inflammation and Ageing College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. Physical Sciences of Imaging in the Biomedical Sciences Training Programme University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. Braizon Therapeutics Inc. Kanagawa Japan. School of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Queen's University Belfast Belfast UK. School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Birmingham UK.

This study aimed to expand our understanding of myelin basic protein (MBP), a key component of central nervous system myelin, by developing a protocol to track and quantifying individual MBP particles during oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation. MBP particle directionality, confinement, and diffusion were tracked by rapid TIRF and HILO imaging of Dendra2 tagged MBP in three stages of mouse oligodendroglia: OL precursors, early myelinating OLs, and mature myelinating OLs. The directionality and confinement of MBP particles increased at each stage consistent with progressive transport toward, and recruitment into, emerging myelin structures. Unexpectedly, diffusion data presented a more complex pattern with subpopulations of the most diffusive particles disappearing at the transition between the precursor and early myelinating stage, before reemerging in the membrane sheets of mature OLs. This diversity of particle behaviors, which would be undetectable by conventional ensemble-averaged methods, are consistent with a multifunctional view of MBP involving roles in myelin expansion and compaction.

关键词： TIRF imaging myelin myelin basic protein oligodendrocyte single-molecule tracking

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