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Poor and rich squirrel algorithm-based Deep Maxout network for credit card fraud detection

International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2025年第2期28卷 123-134页

作者： Paul, Annu Paul, Varghese Department of Computer Science Alphonsa College Kottayam Kerala Pala India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rajagiri School of Engineering and Technology Kerala Kochi India

This paper proposes a Poor and Rich Squirrel Algorithm (PRSA)-based Deep Maxout network to find fraud data transactions in the credit card system. Initially, input transaction data is passed to the data transformation phase, transforming data using Yeo-Johnson (YJ) transformation. Then, the feature selection procedure is done by the Fisher score for creating the unique and significant features. Next, based on the selected textures, the data augmentation mechanism is done using the oversampling model. At last, the fraud detection is carried out by the Deep Maxout network, which is trained by the proposed PRSA optimisation algorithm, derived by integrating Poor and Rich Optimisation (PRO) and Squirrel Search Algorithm (SSA). The integration of parametric features of the PRSA algorithm effectively trained the classifier to update weights to generate the best solution by considering fitness measures. The proposed method achieved the best accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity measures of 0.96, 0.95 and 0.94, respectively. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： credit card data augmentation data transformation deep learning fraud detection

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Improving UAV Image Target Detection: A Novel Approach Using OptiDETR with Swin Transformer

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第3期52卷 771-780页

作者： Ma, Wenlong Liu, Weisheng School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan114051 China

In the analysis of drone aerial images, object detection tasks are particularly challenging, especially in the presence of complex terrain structures, extreme differences in target sizes, suboptimal shooting angles, and varying lighting conditions, all of which exacerbate the difficulty of recognition. In recent years, the DETR model based on the Transformer architecture has eliminated traditional post-processing steps such as NMS(Non-Maximum Suppression), thereby simplifying the object detection process and improving detection accuracy, which has garnered widespread attention in the academic community. However, DETR has limitations such as slow training convergence, difficulty in query optimization, and high computational costs, which hinder its application in practical fields. To address these issues, this paper proposes a new object detection model called OptiDETR. This model first employs a more efficient hybrid encoder to replace the traditional Transformer encoder. The new encoder significantly enhances feature processing capabilities through internal and cross-scale feature interaction and fusion logic. Secondly, an IoU (Intersection over Union) aware query selection mechanism is introduced. This mechanism adds IoU constraints during the training phase to provide higher-quality initial object queries for the decoder, significantly improving the decoding performance. Additionally, the OptiDETR model integrates SW-Block into the DETR decoder, leveraging the advantages of Swin Transformer in global context modeling and feature representation to further enhance the performance and efficiency of object detection. To tackle the problem of small object detection, this study innovatively employs the SAHI algorithm for data augmentation. Through a series of experiments, It achieved a significant performance improvement of more than two percentage points in the mAP (mean Average Precision) metric compared to current mainstream object detection models. Furthermore, ther

关键词： Decoding

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Multi-Scale Feature Optimization Point Cloud Completion Network Integrating SoftPool

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2025年第1期52卷 233-243页

作者： Zhang, Wanpeng Zhou, Ziwei School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNing Anshan114051 China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoNing Anshan114051 China

Point cloud completion is crucial in point cloud processing, as it can repair and refine incomplete 3D data, ensuring more accurate models. However, current point cloud completion methods commonly face a challenge: they fail to fully utilize multi-scale information from local features, leading to limitations in accuracy and detail preservation. To address this issue, this paper proposes a multi-scale feature optimization algorithm for point cloud completion that integrates SoftPool. Based on DGCNN, the method combines dilated convolution and bottleneck attention mechanisms to extract features at different scales, enhancing the ability to capture detailed information in point clouds. The bottleneck attention mechanism is used to optimize important detail features. The extracted local features are concatenated with their corresponding positional information to form point proxies, enhancing the effective extraction of local geometric features, resulting in more refined completed point cloud shapes. A Transformer architecture is employed to model these features. Finally, SoftPool is introduced for fine-grained feature downsampling, improving the network's ability to recover point cloud details. FoldingNet is used to reconstruct missing structures and output the completed point cloud. To validate the model's completion performance, training and testing are conducted on the PCN and ShapeNet55 datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the model has better feature detail retention and more accurate completion results. On the PCN dataset, the average CD value is reduced by 6.5% compared to the best-performing model among the comparison methods. On the ShapeNet55 dataset, the average CD value across three difficulty levels is reduced by 6.9% compared to the best-performing model among the comparison methods. Additionally, the model also achieved a 2.1% improvement in F-score. © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Ability testing

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Dynamic Hand Gesture-Based Person Identification Using Leap Motion and Machine Learning Approaches

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1205-1222页

作者： Jungpil Shin Md.AlMehedi Hasan Md.Maniruzzaman Taiki Watanabe Issei Jozume School of Computer Science and Engineering The University of AizuAizuwakamatsuFukushima965-8580Japan Department of Computer Science&Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering&TechnologyRajshahi6204Bangladesh

Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.

关键词： Person identification leap motion hand gesture random forest support vector machine

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Spectral analysis of bone-conducted speech using modified linear prediction

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International Journal of Speech Technology 2024年第4期27卷 1039-1053页

作者： Ohidujjaman Hasan, Mahmudul Zhang, Shiming Huda, Mohammad Nurul Uddin, Mohammad Shorif Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka1216 Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Comilla University Comilla3506 Bangladesh School of Electrical and Information Northeast Agricultural University Harbin150030 China Computer Science and Engineering United International University Dhaka1212 Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Kanchon1460 Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Jahangirnagar University Savar1342 Bangladesh

This paper improves the performance of linear prediction (LP) in precise spectral estimation of bone-conducted (BC) speech. Inherently, BC speech contains a wide spectral dynamic range that causes ill conditioning in the autocorrelation (ACR) method and its variants, where the Levinson–Durbin (L–D) algorithm is commonly implemented. Instead of the conventional LP-based spectral estimation methods, we utilize the covariance-based method, specifically the modified covariance (MC) method, where the orthogonal decomposition algorithm is deployed. In this paper, we derive the MC method from the least squares (LS) technique for BC speech analysis. The MC method reduces the eigenvalue expansion that compresses the spectral dynamic range of the BC speech signal. The effect of spectral dynamic range compression declines the ill-conditioned properties of LP. Through the proposed method using synthetic BC speech, the resulting power spectrum provides more accurate peaks than the conventional methods. The validity of the proposed method is also analyzed by inspecting real BC speech. This study reveals the utmost use of BC speech in speech processing systems. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides more accurate spectral estimation for synthetic and real BC speeches compared with conventional spectral estimation methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Autocorrelation

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Real-time earthquake magnitude prediction using designed machine learning ensemble trained on real and CTGAN generated synthetic data

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第3期16卷 350-368页

作者： Joshi, Anushka Raman, Balasubramanian Mohan, C. Krishna Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Uttarakhand Roorkee India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad India

The earthquake early warning (EEW) system provides advance notice of potentially damaging ground shaking. In EEW, early estimation of magnitude is crucial for timely rescue operations. A set of thirty-four features is extracted using the primary wave earthquake precursor signal and site-specific information. In Japan's earthquake magnitude dataset, there is a chance of a high imbalance concerning the earthquakes above strong impact. This imbalance causes a high prediction error while training advanced machine learning or deep learning models. In this work, Conditional Tabular Generative Adversarial Networks (CTGAN), a deep machine learning tool, is utilized to learn the characteristics of the first arrival of earthquake P-waves and generate a synthetic dataset based on this information. The result obtained using actual and mixed (synthetic and actual) datasets will be used for training the stacked ensemble magnitude prediction model, MagPred, designed specifically for this study. There are 13295, 3989, and 1710 records designated for training, testing, and validation. The mean absolute error of the test dataset for single station magnitude detection using early three, four, and five seconds of P wave are 0.41, 0.40, and 0.38 MJMA. The study demonstrates that the Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can provide a good result for single-station magnitude prediction. The study can be effective where less seismic data is available. The study shows that the machine learning method yields better magnitude detection results compared with the several regression models. The multi-station magnitude prediction study has been conducted on prominent Osaka, Off Fukushima, and Kumamoto earthquakes. Furthermore, to validate the performance of the model, an inter-region study has been performed on the earthquakes of the India or Nepal region. The study demonstrates that GANs can discover effective magnitude estimation compared with non-GAN-based methods. This has a high potential

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Highly Efficient Back‑End‑of‑Line Compatible Flexible Si‑Based Optical Memristive Crossbar Array for Edge Neuromorphic Physiological Signal Processing and Bionic Machine Vision

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 323-339页

作者： Dayanand Kumar Hanrui Li Dhananjay D.Kumbhar Manoj Kumar Rajbhar Uttam Kumar Das Abdul Momin Syed Georgian Melinte Nazek El‑Atab Smart Advanced Memory Devices and Applications(SAMA)LaboratoryElectrical and Computer EngineeringComputer Electrical Mathematical Science and EngineeringKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955‑6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The emergence of the Internet-of-Things is anticipated to create a vast market for what are known as smart edge devices,opening numerous opportunities across countless domains,including personalized healthcare and advanced *** 3D integration,edge devices can achieve unprecedented miniaturization while simultaneously boosting processing power and minimizing energy ***,we demonstrate a back-end-of-line compatible optoelectronic synapse with a transfer learning method on health care applications,including electroencephalogram(EEG)-based seizure prediction,electromyography(EMG)-based gesture recognition,and electrocardiogram(ECG)-based arrhythmia *** experiments on three biomedical datasets,we observe the classification accuracy improvement for the pretrained model with 2.93%on EEG,4.90%on ECG,and 7.92%on EMG,*** optical programming property of the device enables an ultralow power(2.8×10^(-13) J)fine-tuning process and offers solutions for patient-specific issues in edge computing ***,the device exhibits impressive light-sensitive characteristics that enable a range of light-triggered synaptic functions,making it promising for neuromorphic vision *** display the benefits of these intricate synaptic properties,a 5×5 optoelectronic synapse array is developed,effectively simulating human visual perception and memory *** proposed flexible optoelectronic synapse holds immense potential for advancing the fields of neuromorphic physiological signal processing and artificial visual systems in wearable applications.

关键词： Neuromorphic computing Electrophysiological signal Artificial vision system Image recognition Memristor

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Application of Physical Unclonable Function for Lightweight Authentication in Internet of Things

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 1901-1918页

作者： Ahmad O.Aseeri Sajjad Hussain Chauhdary Mohammed Saeed Alkatheiri Mohammed A.Alqarni Yu Zhuang Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Cybersecurity College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of JeddahJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Texas Tech UniversityLubbockUSA

IoT devices rely on authentication mechanisms to render secure message *** data transmission,scalability,data integrity,and processing time have been considered challenging aspects for a system constituted by IoT *** application of physical unclonable functions(PUFs)ensures secure data transmission among the internet of things(IoT)devices in a simplified network with an efficient time-stamped *** paper proposes a secure,lightweight,cost-efficient reinforcement machine learning framework(SLCR-MLF)to achieve decentralization and security,thus enabling scalability,data integrity,and optimized processing time in IoT *** has been integrated into SLCR-MLF to improve the security of the cluster head node in the IoT platform during transmission by providing the authentication service for device-to-device *** IoT network gathers information of interest from multiple cluster members selected by the proposed *** addition,the software-defined secured(SDS)technique is integrated with SLCR-MLF to improve data integrity and optimize processing time in the IoT *** analysis shows that the proposed framework outperforms conventional methods regarding the network’s lifetime,energy,secured data retrieval rate,and performance *** enabling the proposed framework,number of residual nodes is reduced to 16%,energy consumption is reduced by up to 50%,almost 30%improvement in data retrieval rate,and network lifetime is improved by up to 1000 msec.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems security data aggregation Internet of Things physical unclonable function swarm intelligences

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Adaptive ROI Optimization Pyramid Network: Lane Detection for FSD under Data Uncertainty

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engineering Letters 2025年第2期33卷 282-291页

作者： Cao, Xu Liu, Weisheng Wang, Zhijian College of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Co Anshan114051 China

To mitigate the challenges posed by data uncertainty in Full-Self Driving (FSD) systems. This paper proposes a novel feature extraction learning model called Adaptive Region of Interest Optimized Pyramid Network (ARO). Specifically, ARO introduces a novel cross-layer fusion attention mechanism that dynamically assigns weighted attention to feature maps across different levels, facilitating deep feature fusion and enabling the effective extraction and utilization of salient feature information. Furthermore, ARO incorporates a feature replication layer to duplicate and refine feature maps at multiple levels, thereby enhancing its capability to capture fine-grained details and generate richer feature representations. Additionally, a multi-path upsampling strategy preserves fine-grained features during upsampling. Extensive experimental evaluations conducted on the benchmark CuLane and Tusimple datasets demonstrate that ARO achieves an F1 score of 80.60% on the CuLane dataset, outperforming state-of-the-art methods, showcasing the effectiveness of the proposed approach in handling data uncertainty for robust lane detection in autonomous driving. Our code are available at https://***/caoxu0109/lane detect ldfr. © 2025, International Association of Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Culane Lane detection Multi-scale fusion network Tusimple

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Multi-feature Fusion Deep Network for Skin Disease Diagnosis

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第1期84卷 419-444页

作者： Gairola, Ajay Krishan Kumar, Vidit Sahoo, Ashok Kumar Diwakar, Manoj Singh, Prabhishek Garg, Deepak Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era Hill University Dehradun India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Graphic Era deemed to be university Dehradun India School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Bennett University Greater Noida India School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence SR University Warangal Telangana Warangal506371 India

The skin acts as an important barrier between the body and the external environment, playing a vital role as an organ. The application of deep learning in the medical field to solve various health problems has generated increasing interest. The objective of this research is to create a new model using a deep network with multi-feature fusion that enables accurate identification of various skin diseases. This paper proposes a fully fused network (FFN), which includes an improved single block (ISB) and an improved fusion block (IFB) to achieve optimal performance. To implement this, a convolutional neural network-based model for multi-class recognition of skin images has been developed, in which ISB is used to segment diseases in skin images. The IFB module is designed to enhance the effectiveness of the fused network. The model is built and evaluated using our proprietary dataset (Skin_disease_v1) along with publicly available datasets, namely ISIC2016, ISIC2017, and HAM10000. The highest accuracy achieved in experiments was 86% for ISB, 90% for IFB, and 92% for FFN using HAM10000 (for ResNet101V2), HAM10000 (for Resnet50 + ResNet101V2), and HAM10000 (for Resnet50 + ResNet101V2). This shows an accuracy improvement of 9.2%, 13.2%, and 15.2% compared to the state-of-the-art ISB, IFB, and FFN approaches, respectively. Our network outperforms existing networks in terms of performance. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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