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1st International Conference on Computing, sciences and Communications, ICCSC 2024

作者： Srivastava, Anamika Gupta, Anuj Kaushik, Deepti Gupta, Neha Chadha, Shikha Chauhan, Rosey Noida Institute Of Engineering Technology Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Gerater Noida India Sharda Unviersity Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Gerater Noida India School of Engineering and Technology IIMT University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering U.P Meerut India ABES Engineering College Dept. of Computer Science UP Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353648

Pneumonia, an inflammatory lung disease, impacts the small air sacs known as alveoli and is typically caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumonia. Symptoms commonly include a combination of productive or dry cough, chest pains, difficulty breathing, and fever. In India, where Covid-19 is prevalent, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) poses a significant risk factor for mortality, accounting for one-third of fatalities, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO).Diagnosing and predicting the outcome of pneumonia typically involves examining chest imaging radiographs of patients exhibiting clinically similar symptoms (e.g., fever, dyspnea, cough, and sputum production). Therefore, the development of an automated method for pneumonia detection could offer valuable advantages, particularly in remote regions, facilitating prompt treatment. Deep learning (DL) models enable the analysis of various chest radiographs, with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) receiving considerable attention in disease classification. Leveraging features learned. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Energy Efficient LEDCA Analysis for Improved Throughput in Wireless Sensor Networks 6

Energy Efficient LEDCA Analysis for Improved Throughput in W...

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6th International Conference on Mobile Computing and Sustainable Informatics, ICMCSI 2025

作者： Padmageetha, B.G. Naik, Pramod Kumar Patil, Mallanagouda Dept.of Computer Applications Dayananda Sagar University Bengaluru India Dept. of Computer science and Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bengaluru India Dept. of Computer science and Engineering RVITM Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522667

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) face significant challenges in terms of energy conservation, scalability, and data throughput owing to their limited node energy resources. This paper presents a low-energy data-centric algorithm (LEDCA), a novel energy-aware clustering and routing protocol designed to optimize energy efficiency and improve throughput in WSNs. Through simulations, LEDCA demonstrated a Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) of up to 90%, throughput of 255,217 bps, and average latency of 159 ms, validating its efficiency in resource-constrained environments. The algorithm integrates residual energy awareness by prioritizing high-energy nodes for Cluster Head (CH) roles, dynamically adjusting routing paths, and balancing the network load to prevent premature node failure. By applying an Energy Mapping Node and a real-time Energy Mapping Table, LEDCA minimizes re-clustering, reduces data redundancy, and ensures stable data transmission even under high-density networks. Simulation results also show LEDCA's scalability of LEDCA, with A9_T_200 achieving the highest throughput under extended transmission ranges and A3_T_200 achieving the lowest latency, making it suitable for energy-sensitive and latency-critical applications. Future enhancements, such as integrating Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and dynamic resource allocation, could further improve LEDCA’s interference management and scalability of LEDCA for IoT and 5G/6G networks, addressing the needs of next-generation applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Resource allocation

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A Transformer-Based Model for Image Caption Generation with Memory Enhancement

A Transformer-Based Model for Image Caption Generation with ...

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2024 IEEE International Women in engineering (WIE) Conference on Electrical and computer engineering, WIECON-ECE 2024

作者： Ome, Shadika Afroze Azhar, Tanvir Asaduzzaman East Delta University Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Chattogram Bangladesh Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Chattogram Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331535476

This study proposes a convolution-free transformer-based method for generating accurate descriptions of images. A Vision Transformer is utilized as the primary encoder, replacing traditional CNN, and a Meshed Memory Transformer is integrated for generating captions. The Vision Transformer splits images into fixed-size patches for extracting visual features, which are further processed by a memory-augmented encoder to integrate prior knowledge. It ensures key features are preserved and reused and the meshed decoder combines the text embedding with the outputs from each encoding layer to generate more contextually rich and accurate captions compared to conventional approaches. The model's performance is evaluated on the Flickr30K and the MSCOCO datasets, demonstrating that the Meshed Memory architecture in our approach improves both the image encoding and caption generation step. Our model outperforms the conventional 'CNN-LSTM' models and 'CNN-Transformer' methods, achieving a 1.02% improvement in METEOR and 1.31% in SPICE on the MSCOCO dataset. Additionally, on the Flickr30k dataset, our approach exhibits superior performance across most metrics, notably a 6.37% increase in the METEOR score. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Encoding (symbols)

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An Effective Method to Detect DHCP Starvation Attack using Port Scanning

An Effective Method to Detect DHCP Starvation Attack using P...

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2023 International Conference on Next-Generation Computing, IoT and Machine Learning, NCIM 2023

作者： Jony, Asaduzzaman Miah, Abu Saleh Musa Islam, Muhammad Nazrul Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh The University of Aizu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Aizuwakamatsu Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316001

Nowadays, the DHCP starvation attack is a crucial attack that denied the services for the legitimate network user where the attacker mainly occupies all the IP addresses in the DHCP server pool. Most of the existing studies proposed ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) and the ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) based techniques to detect the DHCP starvation attack. However, the ICMP-based detection is ineffective if the client has an active host-based firewall that blocks the ICMP ECHO REQUEST, while the ARP-based detection does not work for DHCP networks separated by a DHCP relay agent and works only within the same or local network. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose an effective technique to detect DHCP starvation attack detection through port scanning to address the limitations of ICMP and ARP-based detection methods. To attain this objective, this study first highlights the limitations of existing detection methods demonstrating insightful facts. Secondly, the study proposed a port scan-based DHCP starvation attack detection method for local and remote (relay) DHCP networks. Finally, the effectiveness and validation of the proposed techniques were demonstrated using the Multivendor Network Emulation Software (EVE-NG). The study showed that the proposed port scanning-based technique could accurately detect the DHCP starvation attack while overcoming the limitations of the ICMP and ARP techniques. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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Chatbot Based on Emotions Using Deep Learning 1

Chatbot Based on Emotions Using Deep Learning

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1st International Conference on Optimization Techniques for Learning, ICOTL 2023

作者： Nirupa, V. Renuka, G.B. Naga Lakshmi, B. Sumanth Kumar, C.P. Rudra Sekhar Reddy, A. Paramesh, J. Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Madanapalle India Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Anantapur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328042

Human emotions are unpredictable as they change very frequently. Human emotions areinvoluntary mental states of feelings and are accompanied by physiological changes. Emotions which can be detected through the facial expressions play a major role and are very much important for non-verbal communication as they reflect on their faces. In the process of developing computer modeling of human's emotions, a lot researches have been made. Therefore, a chatbot detecting the emotions can be a better approach for detecting emotions. In this study, it demonstrate that Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) offer a superior method for detecting human emotions and develop a deep learning model that can accurately classify the facial expressions. The FER 2013 dataset was used in this study's training. The evaluation of the suggested approach produces pretty accurate findings, which could inspire academics to develop a Chabot model based on emotions in the future. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease using Deep Learning 7

Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease using D...

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7th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems, ICICCS 2023

作者： Brindha, D. Ebenezer, V. Selvaraj, E. Jackson Bevin Geoff, D.M. Dileep, B. Bethina Nambi, M. Thirumalai Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397253

This study has proposed a novel technique for performing object detection and image classification with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture. Nevertheless, employing a 2D CNN architecture to identify a lot of patients as AD or MCI based on 3D MR Images becomes challenging when dealing with hundreds of MRI images that are highly similar in nature. It provides a solution to this problem that streamlines the concept of classification of patients based on 3D MRI by exploiting 2D data produced by the CNN structure. In this method, 2D characteristics from MRI are extracted and then converted by using an appropriate Machine Learning (ML) algorithm for categorization. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Optimizing relay node placement and routing in WBANs using free search krill herd and harmony search algorithm

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第10期84卷 7257-7295页

作者： Patra, Sushree Chinmayee Samal, Tusharkanta Kabat, Manas Ranjan Mishra, Manas Ranjan Barik, Ram Chandra Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology Odisha Sambalpur India Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering DRIEMS University Odisha Cuttack India Dept. of Computer Sc. & Engineering C.V. Raman Global University Odisha Bhubaneswar India

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) plays an important role in healthcare applications like in medical, non-medical and psychological sector for remote monitoring of health conditions of patients. Since the biosensors in WBAN are energy constrained in nature, the architecture of energy efficient and cost sensitive WBAN has attracted the researchers during the last decade. In this paper, a mathematical model for optimization of relay node placement in WBAN using Free Search Krill Herd (FSKH) algorithm because of its diversified phases of searching has been proposed. Furthermore, a routing protocol for energy efficient and reliable for data transmission over WBAN by using Harmony Search (HS) algorithm has been designed. The proposed algorithm has less 11.02%, 6.8% energy consumption in standing position, 5.6% and 11.02% in siting position and 12.5% and 18.75% siting on chair than its counterparts EAWD and Modified EAWD. Throughput has increased significantly by approximately 4–5 times as compare to iM-SIMPLE and *** proposed methodology has also shown greater improvement as its first node is completely exhausted after 28,545 rounds of data transmission while its existing counterpart’s iM-SIMPLE and Co-LAEEBA first node dies at 5100 rounds and 6800 rounds of transmission respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Wireless local area networks (WLAN)

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A secure double spectrum auction scheme

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1415-1427页

作者： Jiaqi Wang Ning Lu Ziyang Gong Wenbo Shi Chang Choi School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110004China School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi©anChina Dept.of Computer Engineering Gachon University1342Seongnam-daeroSujeong-guSeongnam-si13120G School of Computer and Communication Engineering Northeastern UniversityQinhuangdao066004China

With the arrival of the 5G era,wireless communication technologies and services are rapidly exhausting the limited spectrum *** auctions came into being,which can effectively utilize spectrum *** of the complexity of the electronic spectrum auction network environment,the security of spectrum auction can not be *** scholars focus on researching the security of the single-sided auctions,while ignoring the practical scenario of a secure double spectrum auction where participants are composed of multiple sellers and *** begin to design the secure double spectrum auction mechanisms,in which two semi-honest agents are introduced to finish the spectrum auction *** these two agents may collude with each other or be bribed by buyers and sellers,which may create security risks,therefore,a secure double spectrum auction is proposed in this *** traditional secure double spectrum auctions,the spectrum auction server with Software Guard Extensions(SGX)component is used in this paper,which is an Ethereum blockchain platform that performs spectrum auctions.A secure double spectrum protocol is also designed,using SGX technology and cryptographic tools such as Paillier cryptosystem,stealth address technology and one-time ring signatures to well protect the private information of spectrum *** addition,the smart contracts provided by the Ethereum blockchain platform are executed to assist offline verification,and to verify important spectrum auction information to ensure the fairness and impartiality of spectrum ***,security analysis and performance evaluation of our protocol are discussed.

关键词： Secure double spectrum auction SGX technology Privacy information Ethereum platform Verification

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An Intelligent LLM-Powered Personalized Assistant for Digital Banking Using LangGraph and Chain of Thoughts 22

An Intelligent LLM-Powered Personalized Assistant for Digita...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2024

作者： Easin, Arafat Md Sourav, Saha Tamas, Orosz Data Science and Engineering Dept. Budapest Hungary Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385601

Text-based applications and chatbots are increasingly popular for delivering banking services and educational tools, offering convenient and efficient solutions for users. Whereas, personalized assistants have transformed user engagement in the digital banking space by utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) in conjunction with autonomous agents. This study proposes the development of an intelligent personalized assistant for digital banking, utilizing a multi-agent framework based on the LangGraph and Chain of Thoughts (COT) prompting. While COT guarantees context-aware replies, the LangGraph design maps characteristics to nodes to improve user interactions. The objectives of this system are to enhance task efficiency and elevate the capabilities of digital banking assistants. We present a customizable digital banking system powered by LLM-based models, designed to deliver an interactive and personalized banking experience. The system supports a range of services, including adding money, transferring funds, paying bills, accessing telco services like mobile recharge, managing savings interest rates, DPS schemes, fixed deposits, and answering FAQs related to banking information. Therefore, integrating COT for logical reasoning enhances the effectiveness of multi-agent systems, as each single agent benefits from the structured reasoning process. In addition, LangGraph is employed for structured data management, enabling the assistant to support and accelerate various digital banking processes efficiently. The code implementation of this work is available for public access at: https://***/srv-sh/digital-agent. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Information management

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Personalized Movie Recommendation Based on User Preferences Using Optimized Sequential Transformer Model

Personalized Movie Recommendation Based on User Preferences ...

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2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technology, Global AI Summit 2024

作者： Ravikumar, R.N. Jain, Sanjay Sarkar, Manash Amity University Rajasthan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jaipur India Atria Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Banglore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379716

This study explores the application of a Transformer based model to the 'MovieLens 1M' and 'MovieLens 10M' datasets provided by GroupLens, which includes one million and ten movie ratings. The Transformer model, known for its proficiency in handling sequence-to-sequence tasks, employs multi-head self-attention mechanisms and position-wise feed-forward networks. Our implementation, developed in PyTorch, benefits from its capacity for automatic differentiation and GPU acceleration, which significantly enhances the training efficiency. The model underwent rigorous hyperparameter tuning and optimization to adapt optimally to the characteristics of the dataset. Performance evaluation using the Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain (NDCG) metric demonstrates that the Transformer model substantially outperforms a conventional popular recommendation system across various top-K rankings. Specifically, for the MovieLens 1M dataset, the Transformer model achieved NDCG scores of 0.0455, 0.0805, 0.0995, and 0.1273 at top 1, 3, 5, and 10, respectively. Comparatively, the popular recommendation system scored 0.0023, 0.0044, 0.0061, and 0.0091 at these same rankings. This trend of superior performance by the Transformer model is also consistent across the MovieLens 10M dataset, further confirming its effectiveness in ranking highly relevant items at the top of the list. Also, to address quality and utility of recommendations, MAP, Precision, Recall, F1 Score, Coverage and Serendipity metrics evaluated. These results underscore the effectiveness of Transformer models in extracting and leveraging complex patterns in sequence data, demonstrating a clear superiority over traditional methods in recommendation systems. This study highlights the potential of deep learning architectures to revolutionize fields reliant on understanding user preferences and sequential data interactions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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