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A Hybrid Adaptive Filter for Head Tracking in Augmented Reality (AR)-based Flight Simulators

IEEE Transactions on computers 2025年

作者： Nwobodo, Onyeka J. Kuaban, Godlove Suila Nkemeni, Valery Wereszczynski, Kamil Cyran, Krzysztof A. Silesian University of Technology Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Gliwice Poland Polish Academy of Sciences Institute of Theoretical and Applied Informatics Poland University of Buea Laboratory of Electrical Engineering and Computing Faculty of Engineering and Technology Buea Cameroon

This paper presents a novel approach for head tracking in augmented reality (AR) flight simulators using an adaptive fusion of Kalman and particle filters. This fusion dynamically balances the strengths of both algorithms, leveraging Kalman filters for computational efficiency and particle filters for handling non-linearities based on real-time factors such as sensor noise and head movement patterns. Our method demonstrates superior tracking precision and reduced latency, making it particularly effective for immersive pilot training in AR-based flight simulations. While focused on flight simulation, our approach holds high potential for broader applications in other AR and virtual reality (VR) environments where precise, real-time head tracking is crucial. These results provide actionable design guidance for developers optimizing tracking systems in environments that require fast response times and high accuracy. Future extensions of this research could explore the generalization of our approach across diverse AR applications, including human-computer interaction (HCI), medical simulations, and gaming. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Flight simulators

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Comparing Surface Visualization Techniques for Communicating Medical Growth and Shrinkage

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mittenentzwei, Sarah Mlitzke, Sophie Grisanova, Darija Lawonn, Kai Preim, Bernhard Meuschke, Monique Department of Simulation and Graphics University of Magdeburg Universitätsplatz 2 Magdeburg39106 Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Jena Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2 Jena07743 Germany

In this paper, we investigate the suitability of different visual representations of pathological growth and shrinkage using surface models of intracranial aneurysms and liver tumors. By presenting complex medical information in a visually accessible manner, audiences can better understand and comprehend the progression of pathological structures. Previous work in medical visualization provides an extensive design space for visualizing medical image data. However, determining which visualization techniques are appropriate for a general audience has not been thoroughly *** conducted a user study (n = 40) to evaluate different visual representations in terms of their suitability for solving tasks and their aesthetics. We created surface models representing the evolution of pathological structures over multiple discrete time steps and visualized them using illumination-based and illustrative *** results indicate that users' aesthetic preferences largely coincide with their preferred visualization technique for task-solving purposes. In general, the illumination-based technique has been preferred to the illustrative technique, but the letter offers great potential for increasing the accessibility of visualizations to users with color vision deficiencies. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shrinkage

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First Competition on Presentation Attack Detection on ID Card

First Competition on Presentation Attack Detection on ID Car...

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IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB)

作者： Juan E. Tapia Naser Damer Christoph Busch Juan M. Espin Javier Barrachina Alvaro S. Rocamora Krištof Ocvirk Leon Alessio Borut Batagelj Sushrut Patwardhan Raghavendra Ramachandra Raghavendra Mudgalgundurao Kiran Raja Daniel Schulz Carlos Aravena Hochschule Darmstadt (h_da) da/sec-Biometrics and Internet Security Research Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Facephi Company Spain Faculty of Computer and Information Science University of Ljubljana Ljubljana Slovenia Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Gjøvik Norway ID VisionCenter (IDVC) Santiago Chile

ISBN: (数字)9798350364132

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364149

This paper summarises the Competition on Presentation Attack Detection on ID Cards (PAD-IDCard) held at the 2024 International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB 2024). The competition attracted a total of ten registered teams, both from academia and industry. In the end, the participating teams submitted five valid submissions, with eight models to be evaluated by the organisers. The competition presented an independent assessment of current state-of-the-art algorithms. Today, no independent evaluation on cross-dataset is available; therefore, this work determined the state-of-the-art on ID cards. To reach this goal, a sequestered test set and baseline algorithms were used to evaluate and compare all the proposals. The sequestered test dataset contains ID cards from four different countries. In summary, a team that chose to be "Anonymous" reached the best average ranking results of 74.80%, followed very closely by the "IDVC" team with 77.65%.

关键词： Biometrics Training Metalearning Industries Accuracy Biological system modeling Benchmark testing Proposals Few shot learning Stress

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ELSA: Euler-Lagrange Skeletal Animations - Novel and Fast Motion Model Applicable to VR/AR Devices 21st

ELSA: Euler-Lagrange Skeletal Animations - Novel and Fast Mo...

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21st International Conference on Computational science, ICCS 2021

作者： Wereszczyński, Kamil Michalczuk, Agnieszka Foszner, Pawel Golba, Dominik Cogiel, Michal Staniszewski, Michal Department of Computer Graphics Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A Gliwice44-100 Poland KP Labs Gliwice Poland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030779764

Euler Lagrange Skeletal Animation (ELSA) is the novel and fast model for skeletal animation, based on the Euler Lagrange equations of motion and configuration and phase space notion. Single joint’s animation is an integral curve in the vector field generated by those PDEs. Considering the point in the phase space belonging to the animation at current time, by adding the vector pinned to this point and multiplied by the elapsed time, one can designate the new point in the phase space. It defines the state, especially the position (or rotation) of the joint after this time elapses. Starting at time 0 and repeating this procedure N times, there is obtained the approximation, and if the N→ ∞ the integral curve itself. Applying above, to all joint in the skeletal model constitutes ELSA. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Animation

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Face Morphing Attacks and Face Image Quality: The Effect of Morphing and the Unsupervised Attack Detection by Quality

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Fu, Biying Damer, Naser The Department of Smart Living & Biometric Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research Darmstadt64283 Germany The Department of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Darmstadt64283 Germany

Morphing attacks are a form of presentation attacks that gathered increasing attention in recent years. A morphed image can be successfully verified to multiple identities. This operation, therefore, poses serious security issues related to the ability of a travel or identity document to be verified to belong to multiple persons. Previous works touched on the issue of the quality of morphing attack images, however, with the main goal of quantitatively proofing the realistic appearance of the produced morphing attacks. We theorize that the morphing processes might have an effect on both, the perceptual image quality and the image utility in face recognition (FR) when compared to bona fide samples. Towards investigating this theory, this work provides an extensive analysis of the effect of morphing on face image quality, including both general image quality measures and face image utility measures. This analysis is not limited to a single morphing technique, but rather looks at six different morphing techniques and five different data sources using ten different quality measures. This analysis reveals consistent separability between the quality scores of morphing attack and bona fide samples measured by certain quality measures. Our study goes further to build on this effect and investigate the possibility of performing unsupervised morphing attack detection (MAD) based on quality scores. Our study looks intointra and inter-dataset detectability to evaluate the generalizability of such a detection concept on different morphing techniques and bona fide sources. Our final results point out that a set of quality measures, such as MagFace and CNNNIQA, can be used to perform unsupervised and generalized MAD with a correct classification accuracy of over 70%. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Image quality

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Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and Challenges in Urban Environments 50

Exploring 3D Reconstruction with Drone Images: Advances and ...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Miranda Baldivieso, Thiago João da Silva Batista, Taise Grazielle Chagas, Fabio Suim Rodrigues Velho, Luiz Carlos Pacheco Ferreira Rosa, Paulo Fernando Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil State Institute of the Environment Inea RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Science and Industry systems University of South-Eastern Norway Kongsberg Norway Department of Computer Graphics Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

This working-in-progress paper aims to present a three-dimensional reconstruction using aerial images in different environments. The experiments were conducted with aircraft in both external and internal settings, starting with image acquisition, followed by the application of specific photogrammetry software-both commercial and open-source-and concluding with a qualitative evaluation of the results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aerial photography

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On Evaluating Pixel-Level Face Image Quality Assessment

On Evaluating Pixel-Level Face Image Quality Assessment

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European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： Marco Huber Philipp Terhöst Florian Kirchbuchner Naser Damer Arjan Kuijper Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research IGD Darmstadt Germany Department of Computer Science TU Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Norwegian University of Science and Technology Gjϕvik Norway

ISBN: (数字)9789082797091

ISBN: (纸本)9781665467995

A decisive factor for face recognition performance is face image quality (FIQ). It describes the utility of face images for automatic recognition. While this FIQ has conventionally been considered as a scalar for the whole image, emerging works suggest assessing pixel-level FIQs to provide higher explainability. However, the value of pixel-level qualities as a measure of utility (value for recognition) is not yet investigated. In this work, we address this by presenting two evaluation schemes, deletion evaluation curve (DEC) and insertion evaluation curve (IEC). The DEC investigates the change in recognition performance as pixels are deleted based on their quality. Complementary, the IEC reports the change in recognition performance as pixels are inserted based on their quality into a blurred image. Since pixel-level face image quality assessment (PLFIQA) methods assign high values to pixels that contain discriminant information, the recognition performance should decrease or increase when they are removed or added, respectively. We have successfully demonstrated the proposed evaluation scheme on two face recognition solutions by comparing a recently proposed PLFIQA method to a random baseline. With the growing interest in explainable face recognition, the proposed metrics will enable adequate comparison of future advances in pixel-level quality assessment.

关键词： Image quality Measurement Image recognition Face recognition Biological system modeling IEC Europe

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Ranking of attributes—comparative study based on data from stylometric domain

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Procedia computer science 2022年 207卷 2737-2746页

作者： Beata Zielosko Urszula Stańczyk Krzysztof Żabiński Institute of Computer Science University of Silesia in Katowice Będzińska 39 41-200 Sosnowiec Poland Department of Graphics Computer Vision and Digital Systems Faculty of Automatic Control Electronics and Computer Science Silesian University of Technology Akademicka 2A 44-100 Gliwice Poland

The area of feature selection methods constantly expands along with the development of artificial intelligence domain, and has great impact on almost every field, whenever data is processed and explored. The paper presents research where a ranking method was proposed, inspired by an approach which comes from an algorithm for induction of decision rules. The ranking procedure was based on calculation of standard deviation for attributes, taking into account assigned class labels. This method was compared with another ranking mechanism, a modified version of popular Relief algorithm, with incorporating characteristics of variables by supervised discretisation. Comparison of obtained results included the aspect of knowledge representation as well as the perspective of the accuracy for constructed rule-based classifiers. The experiments were performed on datasets from stylometry domain, where authorship attribution was considered as a classification task, and stylometric descriptors as characteristic features defining writing styles of authors.

关键词： Feature selection Ranking of attributes Relief Standard deviation Decision rules Stylometry Supervised discretisation Authorship attribution

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Foreword to the special section on 3D object retrieval 2024 symposium (3DOR2024)

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computers and graphics 2025年 129卷

作者： Bustos, Benjamin Biasotti, Silvia Veltkamp, Remco C. Schreck, Tobias Sipiran, Ivan Department of Computer Science University of Chile Chile Chile Istituto di Matematica Applicata e Tecnologie Informatiche "E. Magenes" - CNR Italy Department of Information and Computing Sciences Utrecht University Netherlands Institute of Computer Graphics and Visualization Technical University of Graz Austria

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Embryonic heart development as an immersive experience: Unveiling learning effects and influential factors in virtual learning environments

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 187卷 109638-109638页

作者： Kunz, Matthias Schott, Danny Wunderling, Tom Halloul, Martin Hansen, Christian Albrecht, Anne Braun-Dullaeus, Rüdiger C. Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology and Angiology Magdeburg Germany Otto von Guericke University Faculty of Computer Science Department of Simulation and Graphics Magdeburg Germany Otto von Guericke University Medical Faculty Institute of Anatomy Magdeburg Germany

As the quality and availability of Virtual Reality (VR) technologies improve, their potential applications in medical education, particularly VR Learning Environments (VRLEs), are increasingly explored. VRLEs offer a dynamic platform where educators and students can interact, access materials, and engage in learning beyond traditional classrooms. However, questions remain about their long-term learning effects and potential confounding factors. This study investigates these aspects through a VR application designed for teaching heart embryology. For this reason we conducted a user study with medical students in their early years of training (N = 143). Our findings reveal significant short-term and sustained learning outcomes two to four weeks following a single VR session. Importantly, these outcomes appear largely independent of users’ technical affinity and are minimally influenced by their immersion tendencies. Instead, the quality of the VRLE and its user experience emerge as critical factors. These results underscore the efficacy of well-designed VRLEs in higher education and highlight key areas for future development. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Virtual environments

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