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Towards Drought Modeling in South Asia: Machine Learning Approaches, Challenges and Opportunities

IEEE Access 2025年

作者： Reshan, Mana Saleh Al Raza, Muhammad Owais Mahoto, Naeem Ahmed Rajab, Adel Shaikh, Asadullah Elmagzoub, M.A. Rajab, Khairan Najran University College of Computer Science and Information Systems Department of Information Systems Najran61441 Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran61441 Saudi Arabia Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul34303 Turkey Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Department of Software Engineering Sindh Jamshoro76062 Pakistan Najran University College of Computer Science and Information Systems Department of Computer Science Najran61441 Saudi Arabia Najran University College of Computer Science and Information Systems Department of Network and Communication Engineering Najran Saudi Arabia

Drought is an environmental and economic problem. Sustainable ecosystems, water resources, food security, and all are severely affected by drought. Due to the increasing frequency and severity of droughts caused by climate change. Effective drought modeling is crucial for early warning systems and risk mitigation. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques have been developed as potential drought modeling tools that offer accurate drought modeling, providing policymakers and decision-makers with insightful information. The geographical scope of this study is the region of South Asia. This region is selected because of its heavy reliance on agriculture and vulnerability to droughts. The review offers a thorough grasp of how drought conditions are evaluated by gathering and analyzing the most important drought indicators and metrics specific to South Asia. The paper explores the current state- of-the-art in ML and DL (Complex Machine learning and deep learning models) for drought modeling, highlighting current challenges such as incomplete and inconsistent datasets, Lack of explainability and interpretability in complex ML/DL models, unavailability of benchmarks. Based on these challenges, this review suggests the following techniques to address these challenges: Data integration (Data fusion), distributed machine learning (Federated Learning) and explainable AI (XAI, SHAP, LIME, etc.). © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Autonomous 3D Reconstruction with Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) using Structure from Motion: Practical Aspects

Autonomous 3D Reconstruction with Small Unmanned Aerial Vehi...

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AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Rayon, Nathan Stevens, Raymond Sevil, Hakki Erhan Department of Computer Science University of West Florida FL32514 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of West Florida FL32514 United States Department of Intelligent Systems & Robotics University of West Florida FL32514 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This paper explores the practical considerations and challenges involved in achieving autonomous 3D reconstruction utilizing small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) through the framework of Structure from Motion (SFM). The utilization of small UAVs equipped with lightweight cameras presents a promising resource for cost-effective and rapid 3D mapping in various domains such as disaster response, infrastructure inspection, and search and rescue. In this study, the critical practical aspects of this process, including height level for taking images, UAV selection, number of images, image acquisition strategies, and computational time. The effectiveness and limitations of autonomous 3D reconstruction with small UAVs through practical insights are summarized, with discussions on potential advancements and areas for future research. This paper serves as a guide for researchers interested in utilizing small UAVs for autonomous 3D reconstruction tasks applications. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)

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Binary Stochastic Flip Optimization for Training Binary Neural Networks

Binary Stochastic Flip Optimization for Training Binary Neur...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Tatsukichi Shibuya Nakamasa Inoue Rei Kawakami Ikuro Sato Department of Computer Science Institute of Science Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Systems and Control Engineering Institute of Science Tokyo Tokyo Japan Denso IT Laboratory Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

For deploying deep neural networks on edge devices with limited resources, binary neural networks (BNNs) have attracted significant attention, due to their computational and memory efficiency. However, once a neural network is binarized, finetuning it on edge devices becomes challenging because most conventional training algorithms for BNNs are designed for use on centralized servers and require storing real-valued parameters during training. To address this limitation, this paper introduces binary stochastic flip optimization (BinSFO), a novel training algorithm for BNNs. BinSFO employs a parameter update rule based on Boolean operations, eliminating the need to store real-valued parameters and thereby reducing memory requirements and computational overhead. In experiments, we demonstrated the effectiveness and memory efficiency of BinSFO in fine-tuning scenarios on six image classification datasets. BinSFO performed comparably to conventional training algorithms with a 70.7% smaller memory requirement. Code is released at https://***/TatsukichiShibuya/ICASSP2025_BinSFO

关键词： Training Speech coding Memory management Signal processing algorithms Signal processing Classification algorithms Servers Speech processing Optimization Image classification

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On Space-Filling Input Design for Nonlinear Dynamic Model Learning: A Gaussian Process Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Yuhan Kiss, Máté Tóth, Roland Schoukens, Maarten Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands Systems and Control Laboratory HUN-REN Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest1111 Hungary

While optimal input design for linear systems has been well-established, no systematic approach exists for nonlinear systems, where robustness to extrapolation/interpolation errors is prioritized over minimizing estimated parameter variance. To address this issue, we develop a novel identification-oriented space-filling input design strategy for efficient covering of a well-defined region of interest. By placing a Gaussian Process (GP) prior on the joint input-state space, the proposed strategy leverages the GP posterior variance to construct a space-filling promoting input design cost function from the Bayesian point of view. This accordingly enables maximization of the coverage in the region of interest, thereby facilitating the generation of informative datasets. Furthermore, we theoretically prove that minimization of the cost function indicates the space-filling behavior. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is demonstrated on both an academic example and a mass-spring-damper system, highlighting its potential practical impact on efficient exploration in identification scenarios for nonlinear dynamical systems. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Cost functions

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Performance Analysis and Early Detection of Lung Cancer with Spiking Neural Networks 5

Performance Analysis and Early Detection of Lung Cancer with...

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5th International Conference on Emerging systems and Intelligent Computing, ESIC 2025

作者： Ghatage, Annasab Krishna Sumitha, V. S. Priya Srinivasan, P. Muhammed Anshad, P.Y. Mallaiah, Badepally Murugan, A. Durai M.S. Ichalkaranji India Kg College of Arts and Science Department of Electronics and Communication Systems Tamilnadu Coimbatore India Sona College of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tamilnadu Salem India Mes Institute of Technology & Management Department of Computer Science Kerala India Cvr College of Engineering Department of Information Technology Telangana Hyderabad India M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering Department of Computer Science And Business Systems Karur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522100

Cancer of the lung occurs when non-native lung cells grow uncontrollably. The increased incidence of this disease has raised both sexes mortality rates. Lung cancer is a disease that cannot be eradicated, although its risk can be diminished. The survival rate of lung cancer is greatly affected by its early identification. Training the model, extracting features, binarizing, decreasing noise, and converting to grayscale are suggested steps. We convert RGB photographs to grayscale first. Noise reduction removes background noise. A threshold value binarizes grayscale pictures into binary. Feature extraction uses directional gradient histograms, the Gabor filter, and standard deviation. Training the model with the Spiking Neural Network (SNN) ensures accuracy and durability. Compared to Alex Net and CNN, the suggested model is more accurate. It greatly increases lung cancer detection with 91.14% accuracy. This emphasizes early detection's role in lung cancer survival. The proposed method combines state-of-the-art feature extraction with model training to diagnose lung cancer accurately. Due to its precision, this approach may improve diagnostics and health outcomes. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Virtualizing Next-Generation Programmable Networks: Techniques, Use Cases, and Promising Future Directions

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IEEE Network 2025年第3期39卷 148-155页

作者： Chen, Xiang Du, Hongyang Liu, Wenjing Liu, Hongyan Zhang, Jianshan Yang, Xu Zhang, Dong Wu, Chunming Liu, Xuan Niyato, Dusit Zhejiang University College of Computer Science and Technology Hangzhou310027 China The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pokfulam Hong Kong Zhejiang Media Group Hangzhou310005 China Minjiang University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350108 China Fuzhou University College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou350108 China Yangzhou University College of Information Engineering College of Artificial Intelligence Yangzhou225009 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Jurong West 639798 Singapore

For decades, network virtualization plays a crucial role in modern networks, e.g., 6G mobile networks: tenants construct arbitrary virtual networks on the same physical network. However, production networks are becoming programmable and need more ways of network configurations. So prior techniques like SDN hypervisors are deprecated since they cannot configure programmable networks. In response, a new category of network virtualization techniques has emerged recently to virtualize programmable networks, i.e., programmable network hypervisors (PNHs). This article first reviews this trend to comprehensively survey PNHs. To understand their benefits, we build a testbed with hardware switches and sophisticated topologies. Our testbed experiments stress-test hypervisors and demonstrate that they outperform prior works with higher acceptance ratios of virtual networks under large-scale scenarios and heavy loads. Finally, we highlight the open issues of these techniques to shed light on the future directions in this promising topic. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Virtualization

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Equilibrium-Independent control of Continuous-Time Nonlinear systems Via the LPV Framework

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic control 2025年

作者： Koelewijn, Patrick J. W. Weiland, Siep Toth, Roland Eindhoven University of Technology Control Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven Netherlands Institute for Computer Science and Control Systems and Control Laboratory Budapest Hungary

In this paper, we consider the analysis and control of continuous-time nonlinear systems to ensure universal shifted stability and performance, i.e., stability and performance w.r.t. each forced equilibrium point of the system. This "equilibrium-free"concept is especially beneficial for control problems that require the tracking of setpoints and rejection of persistent disturbances, such as input loads. In this paper, we show how the velocity form, i.e., the time-differentiated dynamics of the system, plays a crucial role in characterizing these properties and how the analysis of it can be solved by the application of Linear Parameter-Varying (LPV) methods in a computationally efficient manner. Furthermore, by leveraging the properties of the velocity form and the LPV framework, a novel controller synthesis method is presented which ensures closed-loop universal shifted stability and performance. The proposed controller design is verified experimentally on a real system. Additionally, we compare the proposed method to a standard LPV control design, demonstrating the improved stability and performance guarantees of the new approach. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Equilibrium independent dissipativity linear parameter-varying systems output feedback stability of nonlinear systems

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Early Detection of Childhood Malnutrition Using Survey Data and Machine Learning Approaches 4

Early Detection of Childhood Malnutrition Using Survey Data ...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Zumma, Thoufiq Rahaman, Anikur Islam Prova, Nuzhat Noor Haque, Tasriful Joy Bose, Julias Caeser Youki, Ravina Akter Daffodil International University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Washington University Science and Technology Department of Computer Science New York United States Pace University Department of Seidenberg School of Csis New York United States Victorian Institute of Technology Master of Information Technology and Systems Australia University of Wollongong Faculty of Artificial Intelligence and Science Australia University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Engineering and It Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

Children's physical, mental and emotional development depends heavily on sleep, with age-specific sleep needs fluctuating. Malnutrition may result from eating too little, absorbing nutrients poorly, being unwell, living in poverty or not knowing enough about nutrition. Food allergies and iron insufficiency are two examples of illnesses whose onsets might differ depending on environmental exposures and genetics. By providing proper diet, getting medical attention when necessary and encouraging healthy behaviors, parents play a crucial role in supporting their children's health. For children to grow and develop properly, they need meals high in fruits, vegetables, milk, protein, calcium, iron and fiber. Key advantages of a balanced diet include aiding bone formation, improving heart health and encouraging regular bowel motions and digestion. In general, children's general health and wellness depend on caregivers being aware of their dietary requirements and giving them the proper attention. The findings of the research imply that machine learning algorithms may be useful in understanding and predicting the prevalence of malnutrition in children. Furthermore, these algorithms could provide perceptive data that might help politicians create effective policies. In this research, we make use of five different machine learning algorithms. With a decision tree, the accuracy is 0.92%, followed by svm which provides 0.91%, KNN, which provides 0.84%, GBM classifier, which provides 0.79% and random forest, which provides 0.65%. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Blockchain-Enabled Secure Offloading for VEC: A Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing 2025年第3期22卷 2978-2995页

作者： Lu, Xiaozhen Xiao, Liang Xiao, Yilin Xiong, Zehui Liu, Zhe Zhang, Yanyong Zhuang, Weihua Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing211106 China Xiamen University Department of Information and Communication Engineering Xiamen361005 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518172 China Singapore University of Technology and Design Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design 487372 Singapore Zhejiang Lab Hangzhou310027 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Technology Hefei230026 China University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

Vehicular edge computing (VEC) helps improve the task computational performance of vehicles on roads but has difficulty in defending against eavesdropping and selfish attacks simultaneously. In this paper, we design a reputation-based smart contract with blockchain and propose a multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) based secure offloading scheme for VEC against both eavesdropping and selfish attacks. This scheme has a three-level hierarchical structure for each vehicle and uses the reputations obtained from the blockchain as the basis to optimize the edge node selection, offloading ratio, and power allocation, which aims to reduce the task computational latency, the vehicle energy consumption and eavesdropping rate. By using a punishment function based on the constraints, this scheme avoids exploring dangerous policies that can cause task failure or severe data leakage. A multi-agent deep RL-based secure offloading scheme is proposed for vehicles with sufficient resources, which evaluates the long-term risk rather than the punishment function to further improve the secure offloading performance. The regret bound is analyzedand the cumulative reward upper bound is provided. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of our schemes as compared with the benchmark. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Computation offloading

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Predefined-Time Distributed Fault-Tolerant control for Nonlinear Multiagent systems Suffering From Nonaffine Faults

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IEEE Transactions on systems, Man, and Cybernetics: systems 2025年第5期55卷 3300-3311页

作者： Cheng, Shuai Xin, Bin Chen, Jie Deng, Fang Qingdao University School of Automation Qingdao266071 China Beijing Institute of Technology School of Automation Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems Beijing100081 China Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Department of Control Science and Engineering Shanghai200092 China

This article investigates the distributed predefined-time (PT) fault-tolerant control for nonlinear multiagent systems (NNMSs) with nonaffine faults. A novel distributed PT control scheme is proposed based on a new PT theorem. The switching functions are introduced into distributed control signals to avoid the singularity problem. The second-order filter technology is designed to solve "explosion of complexity" issues. The newly designed PT compensation signals are utilized to eliminate filter errors. The proposed distributed PT controller based on local information can guarantee that all signals of the closed-loop system are PT bounded, and consensus errors of NNMSs can be enforced to a small region around the origin within a predefined time. Compared with the finite/fixed time, the predefined time is an exact value given in advance, which remains constant regardless of initial states and control parameters. Finally, two comparative simulations are provided to demonstrate the presented strategy. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive control systems

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