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9th International Conference on Systems and Informatics, ICSAI 2023

作者： Wang, Yuanbin Xiamen Institute of Technology School of Data and Computer Science Xiamen361021 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383706

Stereo point matching is a critical and fundamental problem in 3D vision. Numerous algorithms have been proposed to solve this problem. Since images obtained from 3D to 2D projection of a 3D scene lose depth information of the 3D scene, there is no numerical geometric invariant between stereo images. So, we do not have similar algorithms that use geometric invariants for point matching as in the case of 2D to 2D projective transformations. However, it is discovered that geometric constraints can be used to restrict the search space and eliminate faulty correspondences. In this paper we derive a new mathematical constraint relating eight corresponding points in stereo images. It is a simple formula consisting of coordinates of the eight points that compute to zero for the eight points to be in correspondence. This constraint can be used as a preliminary necessity testing step before other time-consuming methods to speed up the matching procedure. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stereo image processing

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Detection and Discrimination of Arabic Phonemes Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Model 11

Detection and Discrimination of Arabic Phonemes Using Long S...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Information Systems, ICICIS 2023

作者： Tolba, Rahma M. Fayed, Zaki T. Alsayadi, Hamzah A. Saad, Noureldin O. Elarif, Taha Ain Shams University Faculty of Computer and Information Sciences Computer Science Department Cairo Egypt Ibb University Faculty of Sciences Computer Science Department Yemen Canadian International Collage School of Computer Science Data Science Department New Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322101

Phonetics is a crucial branch of linguistics that studies human speech sounds and is essential for language learning, speech therapy, and speech technology development. However, current Arabic speech systems cannot instantly analyze and detect mispronunciation of Arabic phonemes, only offering a recording feature for self-evaluation. So, this paper presents a state-of-the-art approach using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model for detecting and discriminating between Arabic phonemes. The model was tested on a collected dataset for the Arabic phonemes /s/ 'sin' and /s/ 'ad and demonstrated excellent performance in discriminating between them despite their close articulation. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.33% and outperformed other techniques proposed for small datasets. The model can be utilized either independently or integrated into a computer-assisted language learning (CALL) system. Furthermore, our findings suggest that there is significant room for improvement in this area, particularly in collecting large audio datasets for all the Arabic phonemes, refining the algorithms, and optimizing the data processing pipeline. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Brain

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Probabilistic time series forecasting with deep non-linear state space models

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第1期8卷 3-13页

作者： Heming Du Shouguo Du Wen Li School of Computer Science College of Engineering and Computer ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Shanghai Municipal Big Data Center ShanghaiChina Department of Economic Statistics School of Statistics and InformationShanghai University of International Business and EconomicsShanghaiChina

Probabilistic time series forecasting aims at estimating future probabilistic distributions based on given time series *** is a widespread challenge in various tasks,such as risk management and decision *** investigate temporal patterns in time series data and predict subsequent probabilities,the state space model(SSM)provides a general *** of SSM achieve considerable success in many fields,such as engineering and ***,since underlying processes in real-world scenarios are usually unknown and complicated,actual time series observations are always irregular and ***,it is very difficult to determinate an SSM for classical statistical *** this paper,a general time series forecasting framework,called Deep Nonlinear State Space Model(DNLSSM),is proposed to predict the probabilistic distribution based on estimated underlying unknown processes from historical time series *** fuse deep neural networks and statistical methods to iteratively estimate states and network parameters and thus exploit intricate temporal patterns of time series *** particular,the unscented Kalman filter(UKF)is adopted to calculate marginal likelihoods and update distributions recursively for non-linear *** that,a non-linear Joseph form covariance update is developed to ensure that calculated covariance matrices in UKF updates are symmetric and positive ***,the authors enhance the tolerance of UKF to round-off errors and manage to combine UKF and deep neural *** this manner,the DNLSSM effectively models non-linear correlations between observed time series data and underlying dynamic *** in both synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that the DNLSSM consistently improves the accuracy of probability forecasts compared to the baseline methods.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence machine learning time series

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Inductive Link Prediction in N-ary Knowledge Graphs 31

Inductive Link Prediction in N-ary Knowledge Graphs

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Wei, Jiyao Guan, Saiping Jin, Xiaolong Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

N-ary Knowledge Graphs (NKGs), where a fact can involve more than two entities, have gained increasing attention. Link Prediction in NKGs (LPN) aims to predict missing elements in facts to facilitate the completion of NKGs. Current LPN methods implicitly operate under a closed-world assumption, meaning that the sets of entities and roles are fixed. These methods focus on predicting missing elements within facts composed of entities and roles seen during training. However, in reality, new facts involving unseen entities and roles frequently emerge, requiring completing these facts. Thus, this paper proposes a new task, Inductive Link Prediction in NKGs (ILPN), which aims to predict missing elements in facts involving unseen entities and roles in emerging NKGs. To address this task, we propose a Meta-learning-based Nary knowledge Inductive Reasoner (MetaNIR), which employs a graph neural network with meta-learning mechanisms to embed unseen entities and roles adaptively. The obtained embeddings are used to predict missing elements in facts involving unseen elements. Since no existing dataset supports this task, three datasets are constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of MetaNIR. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that MetaNIR consistently outperforms representative models across all datasets. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Comparative Analysis of Spatial Human Mobility Parameters in 15 Most Populous U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas

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IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics 2024年第6期54卷 997-1012页

作者： Matloub, Zaid Kostanic, Ivica Senior Data Engineer at Better World Analytics MelbourneFL United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Florida Institute of Technology MelbourneFL United States

This research paper presents the results of two studies investigating human mobility patterns in the 15 largest Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) in the United States. It studied 14 daily mobility parameters aggregated at the MSA level, derived from four primary mobility parameters: Number of Visited Locations (N_LOC), Number of Unique Visited Locations (N_ULOC), Radius of Gyration (R_GYR), and Distance Traveled (D_TRAV) over a 30-day period. The first study was conducted on data from two large MSAs, one coastal and one inland (Boston and Atlanta, respectively). The aim was to examine associations between daily values of mobility parameters aggregated at the MSA level and identify those carrying similar or identical information. Results of factor analysis showed that these could be adequately described by two independent factors, pointing to one or two of the mobility parameters as sufficient to represent the whole set in analyses based on associations. These could either be D_TRAV, as it had high loadings on both factors, or N_LOC and R_GYR due to their high loadings on the two extracted factors. The second study was conducted on daily mobility datasets from the 15 MSAs. The aim was to compare daily mobility patterns of these MSAs and group them based on their mobility pattern similarities. Factor analysis of the aggregated mean daily distances (D_TRAV) across different MSAs over the studied period classified them into two distinct groups: one predominantly composed of inland MSAs and the other primarily of coastal MSAs. Strong weekly cycle trends emerged in these groups. Specifically, individuals from the inland MSA group tended to travel the furthest on Fridays and the least on Sundays, whereas those from the coastal MSA group traveled the most on Saturdays and the least on Mondays. This weekly pattern was robust, with 7-day lag autocorrelations of mean daily parameter values ranging between 0.81 to 0.99, excluding the mean daily N_LOC. These findings offer a

关键词： Big data

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The Gulf of Interpretation: From Chart to Message and Back Again 25

The Gulf of Interpretation: From Chart to Message and Back A...

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2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2025

作者： Knoll, Christian Möller, Torsten Gregory, Kathleen Koesten, Laura Faculty of Computer Science Doctoral School Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria Faculty of Computer Science Data Science @ Uni Vienna University of Vienna Vienna Austria Centre for Science and Technology Studies Leiden University Leiden Netherlands Faculty of Computer Science University of Vienna Vienna Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9798400713941

Charts are used to communicate data visually, but often, we do not know whether a chart's intended message aligns with the message readers perceive. In this mixed-methods study, we investigate how data journalists encode data and how members of a broad audience engage with, experience, and understand these visualizations. We conducted workshops and interviews with school and university students, job seekers, designers, and senior citizens to collect perceived messages and feedback on eight real-world charts. We analyzed these messages and compared them to the intended message. Our results help to understand the gulf that can exist between messages (that producers encode) and viewer interpretations. In particular, we find that consumers are often overwhelmed with the amount of data provided and are easily confused with terms that are not well known. Chart producers tend to follow strong conventions on how to visually encode particular information that might not always benefit consumers. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Visualization

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Large Language Model-Based Event Relation Extraction with Rationales 31

Large Language Model-Based Event Relation Extraction with Ra...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Hu, Zhilei Li, Zixuan Jin, Xiaolong Bai, Long Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi CAS Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

Event Relation Extraction (ERE) aims to extract various types of relations between different events within texts. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in many natural language processing tasks, existing ERE methods based on LLMs still face three key challenges: (1) Time Inefficiency: The existing pairwise method of combining events and determining their relations is time-consuming for LLMs. (2) Low Coverage: When dealing with numerous events in a document, the limited generation length of fine-tuned LLMs restricts the coverage of their extraction results. (3) Lack of Rationale: Essential rationales concerning the results that could enhance the reasoning ability of the model are overlooked. To address these challenges, we propose LLMERE, an LLM-based approach with rationales for the ERE task. LLMERE transforms ERE into a question-and-answer task that may have multiple answers. By extracting all events related to a specified event at once, LLMERE reduces time complexity from O(n2) to O(n), compared to the pairwise method. Subsequently, LLMERE enhances the coverage of extraction results by employing a partitioning strategy that highlights only a portion of the events in the document at a time. In addition to the extracted results, LLMERE is also required to generate corresponding rationales/reasons behind them, in terms of event coreference information or transitive chains of event relations. Experimental results on three widely used datasets show that LLMERE achieves significant improvements over baseline methods. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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All-in-one Weather-degraded Image Restoration via Adaptive Degradation-aware Self-prompting Model

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年 27卷 3343-3355页

作者： Wen, Yuanbo Gao, Tao Li, Ziqi Zhang, Jing Zhang, Kaihao Chen, Ting Chang'an University School of Information Engineering Xi'an China Chang'an University School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Xi'an China Australian National University School of Computing CanberraACT Australia Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Shenzhen China

Existing approaches for all-in-one weather-degraded image restoration suffer from inefficiencies in leveraging degradation-aware priors, resulting in sub-optimal performance in adapting to different weather conditions. To this end, we develop an adaptive degradation-aware self-prompting model (ADSM) for all-in-one weather-degraded image restoration. Specifically, our model employs the contrastive language-image pre-training model (CLIP) to facilitate the training of our proposed latent prompt generators (LPGs), which represent three types of latent prompts to characterize the degradation type, degradation property and image caption. Moreover, we integrate the acquired degradation-aware prompts into the time embedding of diffusion model to improve degradation perception. Meanwhile, we employ the latent caption prompt to guide the reverse sampling process using the cross-attention mechanism, thereby guiding the accurate image reconstruction. Furthermore, to accelerate the reverse sampling procedure of diffusion model and address the limitations of frequency perception, we introduce a wavelet-oriented noise estimating network (WNE-Net). Extensive experiments conducted on eight publicly available datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach in both task-specific and all-in-one applications. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Restoration

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Multilayer Network Analysis of Brain Signals for Detecting Alzheimer’s Disease 12th

Multilayer Network Analysis of Brain Signals for Detecting...

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12th International Conference on Computational Advances in Bio and Medical sciences, ICCABS 2023

作者： Nguyen, Sean M. Basiri, Mohammad Amin Khanmohammadi, Sina School of Computer Science University of Oklahoma NormanOK73019 United States Data Science and Analytics Institute University of Oklahoma NormanOK73019 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031827679

Human neuroimaging datasets provide rich multi-scale spatiotemporal information about the state of the brain. Most current methods, such as spectral analysis, focus on a single facet of these datasets and do not take full advantage of the inherent spatiotemporal information. Here, we consider a multilayer cross-frequency functional connectivity analysis to capture the complex spatiotemporal features of neural datasets at multiple scales and show that such features could potentially provide a better description of the neural activity. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach by applying the proposed method to capture disruptions of cross-frequency brain connections in Alzheimer’s patients. More specifically, we compared the multi-scale features extracted from electroencephalogram (EEG) data with traditional features in a machine learning framework to distinguish Alzheimer’s patients from control subjects. Our results show that such multi-scale features improve the prediction accuracy when compared to traditional feature extraction methods in EEG analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Multilayer neural networks

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Masked-Enhanced Food Segment Anything Model for Automatic Dietary Intake Monitoring 25

Masked-Enhanced Food Segment Anything Model for Automatic Di...

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25th International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2024

作者： Guo, Zhongsui Javadi, Bahman Singh, Sonit Sowmya, Arcot School of Computer Science and Engineering Unsw Sydney Australia School of Computer Data and Mathematical Sciences Western Sydney University NSW Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379037

Dietary management plays a crucial role in maintaining long-term health, preventing diseases and aiding in recovery, particularly amidst the increasing prevalence of chronic conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. To achieve best practice in dietary management, providing insights into calorie intake based on the food items that people are eating is pivotal. In this paper, we propose a methodology to achieve this in three phases: instance segmentation, volume estimation and calorie calculation. Building on the foundations of Food Segment Anything Model (FoodSAM), we propose Masked-enhanced FoodSAM (MFoodSAM) focussing on enhancing semantic and instance masks and providing better food identification. MFoodSAM incorporates ResNet50 as a background model, improving its ability to separate non-food elements and reducing dependency on merging thresholds. We follow a coarse-to-fine segmentation approach to create detailed and semantically enriched masks, providing accurate instance and panoptic segmentation masks. After we accurately identify food items, we estimate food volume by calculating the pixel count from the food instance masks and combine this data with information from the USDA National Nutrient database and Nutritiondata to compute the caloric content of the food. We applied the proposed method on both a public and a private food dataset, and obtained state-of-the-art results, with mean IoU of 87.99;mean Accuracy of 95.55;average Acc of 94.85 on MyFood dataset, and mean IoU of 82.38;mean Acc of 92.85;average Acc of 94.66 on UNSW-Food dataset. This intelligent food monitoring system provides users with precise caloric information, facilitating more effective nutrition monitoring and contributing to improved health outcomes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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